Physical, Social, And Cognitive Development

Motivation is having a reason or reasons to act/behave in a particular way. It creates “drive” in people whether it is in pursuit of a goal, or the need to complete an activity. It produces enthusiasm and a willingness to achieve in both a work environment and in your personal life. Motivation can be increased and decreased in line with the incentives on offer.

“Motivation is the process whereby goal-orientated activity is instigated and sustained” (Schunk, Pintrich & Meece, 2008. As cited in Eggen & Kauchak, 2010, p.284). Motivation comes in many forms and can be divided into two broad categories - extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivators are external

Antonio was born a healthy, full term baby with normal developmental milestones. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2014), within the first two months, most children are able to smile at others, briefly calm themselves down by bringing their hands to mouth and sucking on their hand, look at parents, coo, turn their heads toward sound, and pay attention to faces. Antonio easily met all of these qualifications. He was able to suck on his fingers, pacifier, or anything else near his mouth, would smile at his mother, Hilda, and turn his head when he heard her voice. He was also capable of laughing and cooing. Within 18 months, most children are able to walk alone and drink from a cup (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014). In this case study, Antonio was able to walk on his own and drink from a cup by 14 months. Antonio was capable of doing what most children could do by a certain age, meeting requirements socially, emotionally, cognitively, in language, communication, movement, and physical development by age 4.

Life span developmental psychology takes a scientific approach to human growth and change, focusing on change during the life span. There are three main aspects to life span development: cognitive, social, and physical development. This class is not simply a discussion of nature vs. nurture, it explores the interaction between genetic and environmental factors that orient us towards specific behaviors. Initially, my views on life span development were limited to more sociological factors, and did not take into consideration physical developments of the brain. In relation to my personal and professional identity this course has made me realize that development occurs on a spectrum and that not everyone develops at the same time, in the same ways, making me more understanding and compassionate towards those who developed differently than me. The three most important lessons I have learned from this class are that development occurs throughout the entire life span, infants begin learning at a very young age, and that senescence begins as early as young adulthood.

Motivation in general is the drive to do something. There are two types of motivation, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation refers to the action done for the sake of enjoyment (Study.com, n. d.). The action is done simply because we like the activity and not for other outcomes. In intrinsic motivation, people do it just because they find it fun and enjoyable. For instance, Leigh Anne was known for her commitment to the less fortunate. She had been doing charity simply because she wanted to and not because of profit or any other repayment.

This group of students is quite diverse. This group of fourth grade students also exhibit diversity from their home life, culture, and socioeconomic areas. This school has over an eighty percent ration of students on free or reduced lunches. Religious diversity also plays a part in this group of children. These children break up into social groups based along these lines of diversity.

This paper is will focus on the influences of physical and cognitive development in adolescence from 12 to 18 years of age. This part of the developmental stage has many factors that affect the physical development as well as the cognitive development in adolescence. In addition to influences of physical and cognitive development this paper will also focus on the hereditary and environmental influences that make up this stage in life.

Children who are rarely spoken to, who are left to cry without parent interacts has little opportunity to explore their environment. Also, children who experience frequent anger or boredom cannot fully develop their potential and stable personalities, despite their genetics, improvements from parent, interactions promote the health and development of vulnerable children. Not all children’s temperaments fall into the categories that are described. Children who share the same temperament trait might react quite differently in similar situations, or throughout different stages in their development. An example, of this is when children see someone they are not familiar with their reactions to their temperament will allow them to show their feelings and identify their temperament. When you understand your own temperament, traits help you understand the child’s perspective. This reflective process can help you become more attuned to the experience of each child This will help you determine what might be needed to create a better fit for each child. When talking about a child, you must ask the parents to help you understand their child’s activity level, and how their child response to new situations, and their child’s persistence, distractibility, adaptability, mood, intensity, sensitivity so that you can learn about their child’s temperament and the family’s cultural. It is important to listen to how the family feels about the temperament characteristics of their child. Therefore, it is important to understand that although a child’s basic temperament does not change over time, the intensity of temperamental trait can be affected by a family’s cultural values and parenting styles. For example, a family that values persistence the ability to stick to a task and keep trying may be more likely to praise and reward a child for “sticking with” a challenging task as building a tower with Lego’s.

The main areas of development consist of physical, social/emotional, and cognitive/academic. Physical development within children consists of changes in body size, proportions, and appearance, functioning of the body systems, perceptual and motor capacities, and physical health. Social/emotional development consists of changes within emotional communication, self-understanding, knowledge about others, interpersonal skills, friendships, interment relationships, and moral reasoning and behavior. Cognitive/academic development consists of changes in the child’s intellectual abilities that include attention, memory, academic and everyday knowledge, problem solving, imagination, creativity, and language.

Physical development relates to this stage because children are developing in many ways, such as they are learning how to walk, holding objects, learning about activities etc. They learn about their strength’s, so physical development takes a big part in this stage.

Motivation is the “why” behind our behaviors. Behavior that is usually goal-oriented. The forces that lie beneath motivation can be biological, social, emotional or cognitive in nature. There are, indeed, a plethora of inducements that cause us to act the way we act and do the things we do. They include things like quenching our thirst, reading to gain knowledge, studying to ace an exam, surpassing quotas and meeting deadlines for a promotion, etc. According to Kendra Cherry’s article on “WHAT IS MOTIVATION”, there are three components of motivation: activation, persistence and intensity. Activation is the decision to initiate a behavior. Persistence is the continued effort toward a goal even though obstacles may exist. Intensity is the

Motivation is the reason or purpose behind action, or what causes one to act in

Phillips, R. (2010). How Firm is Our Foundation? Current Play Therapy research. International Journal of PLay Therapy, 19(1), 13-25.

Nowadays, more and more children have obesity compare to the children in thirty years ago. The research showed that children who have obesity in their early age may cause either short-term or long-term consequence. The short-term consequence for the obesity children include low self-esteem and the long-term consequence includes asthma and heart disease. (CDC) The best way to prevent these is to encourage children do at least one hour physical exercise a day within the trained instructor guided. ( Epstein 2014) My paper is mainly focused on how my curriculum promote physical development in a child care center.

To begin this discuss a definition of motivation is presented. Motivation involves the biological, emotional, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term motivation is frequently used to describe why a person does something (Motivation Psychological Factors That Guide Behavior, 2016).