Physics for Future Presidents Notes-Final Exam

Solar energy is clean, eco-friendly and also sustainable. Due to the fact that the energy produced from the

Energy is a system’s “ability to do work.”(Elert) The unit for energy is joules. Some other characteristics of energy are that it takes numerous forms and that it is a scalar quantity.(Elert) The two types of energy are kinetic energy and potential energy. Kinetic energy refers to an object’s motion. This differs

A fuel cell is, in principle, a very simple electrochemical device. The chemical reaction that powers hydrogen fuel cells is the same as that which occurs when hydrogen burns. The chemical equation for this reaction is: 2H2 + O2 ( 2H2O + energy. "Normally hydrogen burns, reacting with oxygen from the air, producing water, heat and light. ... In the fuel cell the chemical reaction is exactly the same, but instead of producing light and heat energy, electrical energy is produced."2 All fuel cells consist of an electrolyte (a substance that allows only the passage of ions) sandwiched between two electrodes. When a fuel containing hydrogen is passed over the negative electrode, otherwise known as an anode, it is ionized. Ionization of the fuel, often accomplished with the assistance of a catalyst, removes electrons from the hydrogen creating positively charged hydrogen ions and negatively charged free electrons. Since only the ions can pass through the electrolyte situated between the electrodes, the electrons must find another route to the positive electrode or cathode, where they will be reunited with the hydrogen ions and combined with oxygen atoms to form water. The electrons passing around the electrolyte constitute an electric current, and thus can be used to provide power during their journey from anode to cathode.3

Solar energy is a renewable energy source meaning that the energy is generated by the sun. The way that solar produces energy is by the sun's rays that reach earth and converts into heat and electricity. Its transported by photovoltaic ( pv devices ) and solar thermal electric power plants. Examples of this energy source is : solar powered window blinds, bulbs, refrigerators, radios, calculators,

There are two types of energy: kinetic energy and potential energy. Kinetic energy is energy possessed due to motion, and potential motion is energy which

The are a wide variety of batteries for sale, but all have the same underlying concept. A battery is a device that is able to store energy and when needed, convert that energy into electricity. Chemical potential energy converts to electrical energy.

Atomic mass of calcium is 40. The mass of 2.5 gram atoms of calcium is _______.

There are many types of alternative energy that are available and being used. One of these sources is solar power. Solar power is the fastest growing and most popular source of alternative energy. There are two processes of solar power that each depend on the nuclear fusion power from the core of the sun. The first process of solar power involves solar cells that depend on the photovoltaic effect to absorb photons and turn them into electrons. The other process involves mirrors or lenses that concentrate a large area of sunlight, or solar thermal energy onto a small area (Williams,"What Are the Different"). Solar power is used to generate light, heat homes, generate electricity, and used for air conditioning in

energy. Lots of factors go into the kind of energy that would be optimal in producing

Many objects that we use on a day to day basis are powered by batteries. A battery is a device that is able to store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy, and convert that energy into electricity. It is composed of two terminals made of different chemicals

Solar power is energy from the sun’s heat and released energy that is transformed into

Suppose a piano tuner hears 2 beats/second when listening to the combined sound from the tuning fork and the piano note being tuned. After slightly loosening the string, she hears 1 beat/second. Should she continue to loosen the string or tighten it in order to get it “in tune”? Defend your answer with 3 – 4 complete sentences.

Looking at the differences in the engines of petrol cars and the motor on electric cars, it is clearly noticeable that the force behind the movement of the ordinary gas powered cars is the internal combustion engine. It is a complex conglomerate design that combines burning gasoline into a compressed chamber, producing heat that forces the mechanicals to move the wheels, in between using crankshafts in the engine and gears in the transmission. Otto cycle is the most common process happening inside the internal combustion engine. "These engines ingest a mixture of fuel and air, compress it, cause it to react, thus effectively adding

Solar power harness the sun 's energy to create electricity. Solar energy assets are enormous and boundless, and they can be tackled anyplace that gets sunlight. The measure of solar radiation, otherwise called insolation, coming to the earth 's surface consistently is more than all the energy at present devoured by every single human activity yearly [1]. Various variables, including geographic area, time of day, and current climate conditions, all influence the measure of energy that can engage in for electricity creation or heating purposes.

The generation of electricity is the process of producing electric energy or the amount of electricity produced by transforming/converting other forms of energy into electrical energy. There are many ways to produce electricity. For instance, in a common battery, electrons can flow between certain materials enduing a current which is required to provide power for the object in which the battery is situated. Although the chemical batteries are portable and reliable, they eventually run out. However the large amounts of power demanded by modern society requires large power plants, which have since been built to meet this demand. Most power plants use generator to produce electricity. Electricity cannot be mined or harvested, it has to be manufactured. And since it is not able to be stored in large quantities, it must be manufactured at time of demand. Electricity is a form of energy but not an energy source. There are different types of power plants and therefore these different generating plants obtain distinct energy sources to produce electrical power. The two main types are “Thermal plants” and “Kinetic plants”. Kinetic generating plants consist of hydro-electric plants and wind mills, converting energy into electricity. Instead of heat energy, they use kinetic energy, or the energy of motion. Moving wind or water spins a turbine, which in turn spins the rotor of a generator. Thus electricity is produced. Thermal plants use the energy of heat to produce electricity. Water