Physics of Catapults Essay

Torpedoes were quite possibly the most A few years of development and a patent later, the minie` ball was ready for combat. In the 1850's, James H. Burton, a master of arms, made a few alterations such as slightly lengthening the bullet and thinning the walls of the hollow base. These alterations made the minie` ball much easier and cheaper to mass-produce; this is what was used by the blue and gray's out on the battlefields.

9. The total energy is constant for most of the time until the ball is released and caught up and down in free fall, because extra force of the person actions changes the energy. The energy should remain constant because the kinetic and potential ratio energy

The player has now compressed the spring in the ball shooter. The ball sitting in the ball shooter is at rest. It will be at rest until acted on by an unbalanced force. This is Newton’s first law of motion, the law of inertia (Kirkpatrick and Wheeler p31). The ball shooter is then released the spring decompresses and strikes the ball sending it up the incline to the top of the pinball playing field. The strike on the ball is called the impulse. The time interval it takes for the ball momentum to change. Since the ball has no momentum because it has zero velocity the ball shooter transfers its momentum at the impulse (The Ball Shooter 2003). This also takes place in the time frame of about a second.

During its use by the Union army, the weapon was still in its earliest stages. Although the Confederate army did not adopt this specific weapon, they had similar ideas such as the Raines grenade, which was similar in appearance, but completely inadequate for battle. Instead of cardboard fins for a stable flight, the Raines grenade had a cloth streamer.

They made the Battle Axe by a knot in a root or branch with a convenient to make a good battle axe. also would put frog poison on the darts and put them in the blowgun. Stone weapons, tomahawks and battle hammers were made from rocks of the correct overall shape by sharpening one edge and grinding a binding groove around the stone using other, harder stones.

Handheld weapons represented a large portion of the weapons used during 16th Century warfare (Iannuzzo). Most commonly used was the sword. Throughout the middles ages, metals were developed to withstand more abuse and thus became more effective (Iannuzzo). The metals now had to strong enough to pierce through the newly developed armor of the time (Revell, "Armour"). The use of carbonized iron, which was heated, beaten, and cut the process repeated many times over to form a solid and durable and lighter than previous swords. The double edge sword was far superior in strength and sharpness of the other swords of the time (Grolier). The 16th century also brought forth the use of flamberge sword that had an undulating cutting edge, that was believed to be able to easily pierce the armor, but was too awkward for battle and was eventually abandoned. By this time the Great sword, sometimes over six feet in length, were being deployed. This sword was deadly only because of the pure size of it. The great swords required enormous strength just to hold and even more to be effective. Eventually the great sword became too awkward to use in battle just as the flamberge. These two inferior swords took a back seat to the smaller and more agile estoc sword. The estoc had a

a = ± (1/2) g, b = V_0 , c = If we measured in meters then a=4.9.) t is the time in seconds, v0 is the initial velocity of 30 feet per second, and s0 is the initial height or 4 feet. Thus we have:

They were pretty late invention but the bow and arrow was an ultimate stone age weapon, in some parts of the world they have only been in use for 30,000 years or so. This weapon needed a number of inventions to occur before it could be finalized. First of all they needed very strong tine or string, they needed a sharp stone tool to shape the bow and the arrow and the possession to split very sharp, fine stone for the arrow tips. The skill to capture or kill prey from a distance gave our stone age man a huge advantage.

Objective: Using a marble launcher, launch marbles from different angles with different forces to find the maximum height and the velocity as it leaves the launcher. Using different variables and results to determine how the different angles and amounts of force effect the variables. With this data show the effect the forces cause in 1-D and 2-D motion, as well as in the X and Y directions. This is done through kinematic equations and calculations.

The Evolution of Gunsmithing Firearms have been used for centuries to alter history. Without the creation of it the world would be very different places. Some countries may never have been formed and some may have been saved. Firearms have built cities and destroyed them; they have caused crime and stopped

Rifles and their bayonets tools used in warfare but in WW1 the caused the most damage. WW1 is the first modernized war, compared to past battles the weaponry used to launch an arms race creating deadlier and more powerful weapons. As

Tools such as harpoons could be used to safely kill prey from a distance. How-ever the real advantage of the harpoon was that it didn’t become detached once it struck the animal, it would instead remain in tack and function as a marker to track animal. Marking an animal which would submerge themselves once attacked would have prevented losing the animal. This would have been most helpful in whale hunts. Other weapons included bows, darts, and spears specialized for killing birds. The shaft of these weapons would have been constructed out of either wood or the more readily available

(Melvin, Mangonel - “Physics of Catapults”) The speed and distance of the projectile depended on how much force the catapult applied to the projectile, and the momentum depended on the mass and the velocity of the projectile (dead diseased cow, or flaming

Weapons Accountability in the Military The history of weapons started centuries ago when cave people initially developed a weapon called a bow and arrow, for hunting purposes. They created this weapon from yew or elm for the bow and the arrow’s shaft, and used animal ligaments, or sinew to add tension

The Minie ball was a huge improvement it was designed to expand while traveling along the rifle barrel, it increased muzzle velocity as well as causing spin to the bullet, making its accuracy and range far better. It was made of soft lead, it was a little smaller than the gun bore, making it easy to load in combat. Many people feel that the reason there were so many casualties in the war was due to the minie ball. The minie ball was used by both side confederate and the north, but the north had more ammunition.