INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY AND HOMEOSTATIS PHYSIOLOGY
1.1 Intro to Physiology
Physiology: the study of the functions of living things, how the human body works
Two approaches explain the events that occur in body -purpose of the body process - mechanism in which the process occurs
Physiologists view the body as a machine whose mechanisms of action can explained in terms of cause and effect sequences of physical and chemical processes.
Physiology is closely related to anatomy: the study of the structure of the body.
The nutrient –absorbing intestinal cells have a multitude of fingerlike projections in contact with the digested food. Based on knowledge of structure –function relationships, explain the functional advantage
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Exocrine Glands: secrete through ducts to the outside of the body. Endocrine Glands: lack ducts and release their secretory products known as hormones internally into the blood.
-Connective Tissue: few cells dispersed within an abundance of extracellular material, connects, supports, and anchors various body parts. Cells produce specific structural molecules that they release into the extracellular spaces between the cells.
Organ Level
Organs: two or more types of primary tissue organized to perform a particular function or functions, each layer of tissue has its on job in the function
EX. Stomach, smooth: contracts to mix foods, epithelial: secrete digestive enzymes nervous: controls contraction and secretion, connective: holds it all together.
Body System Level
Body systems: Collection of related organs, how groups of organs are organized. Each system is a collection of organs that perform related functions and interact for a common activity essential for survival of the body.
The body has 11 systems:
Circulatory: heart blood vessels, blood
Digestive: mouth pharynx, esophogas, stomach, intestine, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gallbladder Respiratory: nose pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs Urinary: kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra Skeletal: bones, cartilage, joints Muscular: skeletal muscles Integumentary: skin, hair, nails
Immune:
3. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum and holds the small intestine to the
Homeostasis is a characteristic of life in which all Living things maintain. some of the traits of Homeostasis are perspiration and some form of breathing and other natural body functions. An example of a negative feedback mechanism is a Thermostat If the heat is turned on and is set at 80 degrees the heat is turned on, If the temperature drops below 80 degrees, After the heater heats the house to 80 degrees, it shuts off keeping the desired temperature. An example of a positive feedback system is when a baby is born. while the mother is in labor, a hormone is released that boosts and quickens her contractions. The more contractions causes more of that Hormone to be let out and it continues to goes on until the
The relationship between the structure and function of the Outer Wall Intestine cells is, in the structure, the fibers are short and not striated, while since the cells are “smooth cells” this allows the function of the cells to be involuntary and is composed in the lining of the organ. The contractions of the cells allow the organ to keep blood, fluids, and necessary nutrients to flow throughout the organ.
Once again we have been miniaturized in the submarine to continue the fantastic voyage of the digestive system. We will be touring a 55-year-old male. The host will be having a hamburger, French fries, and a root beer. We will be tracing lunch through the digestion process. Digestion is the process of turning the food that is ate into energy needed to survive and involves creating waste to be eliminated. (Mohan, 2010). The digestive tract is a long twisting tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus, called the alimentary canal. The wall of this tube is fashioned of four layers of tissue. The layers are listed from the inside coat to the outside coat: mucosa or mucus membrane, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. The hollow space
Tissues are groups of cells, which are placed together to achieve a common function. There are four main types of tissue: Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous. Most of these tissues are found in our bodies, however the epithelial tissue is covered all over the surfaces of the body.
The stomach is an organ that is part of the digestive system. The stomach is located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, below the diaphragm and next to the liver (Stomach, 2013). The inner walls of the stomach contain small pores called gastric pits. The gastric pits contain cells that secrete chemicals that aid in the digestion of food (Nguyen, 2015). In this essay, I will discuss the different cell types of the stomach, how they work together to provide the overall function of the stomach, why each organ requires different cell types, why the stomach can’t be comprised of just one cell type, and the advantage of having different types of cells.
Explain what they are, their functions and where they are found. Then go into detail about two organs, with their functions, what tissues they are made of and where they are found in the body.
The first type of tissue found in the human body is epithelial tissue. These types of tissue are found covering the whole surface of the body, lining of cavities, hollow organs and tubes. The cells a very closely packed and are arranged in one
What are the three sections of the large intestine and what roles does each play in digestion or absorption?
Organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a certain task. Humans
1. Name and describe the function of each major organ system in the body. a. Integumentary system – The integumentary system consists of the hair, skin, and nails and is the largest organ in the human body. It acts as a protector of the deeper body systems, maintains and regulates body temperature, and helps to eliminate waste and toxins from the body. It also senses touch and pressure as well as temperatures and pain.
Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities. The three main kinds of Epithelial tissue are squamous which is composed of flat cells, cuboidal, which is composed of cube-shaped cells, and columnar which is composed of stretched, pillar-like cells. Each type of epithelial tissue can be either simple or stratified. Simple is one layer of cells, while stratified has more than one layer. Each type can also be glandular. Glands can be either one epithelial cell or multiple cells. Its purpose is to secrete products into different parts of the body or outside of the body. Exocrine glands secrete their products into ducts or directly into a tube/cavity. Endocrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream. Examples of epithelial tissue are the linings of lungs, kidneys, small intestine, and the nose. A common trait that all epithelial tissue have is that they are attached to the basement membrane, a thin layer of proteins that anchors to connective
oes the human body need all organs or organ systems to survive? How do the systems work together? The paragraphs are about how the Organ Systems work together. They will also be on how they can't work properly without them and what ones we necessarily need.
gall bladder liver hepatic portal region cystic duct bile duct hepatic pancreatic sphincter accessory pancreatic duct hepatic flexure jejunum ascending colon ileum rectum illiocecal vavle anal canal cecum appendix anus transverse colon decsending colon sigmond colon pancreas cardiac sphincter
5. Organ system level- Organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose make up an organ system.