Pictorialism: The Late 19th And Early 20th Centuries

include luxurious and powerful toned images. Weston believed that color was a form, and these

Another significant photography movement that definitely reveals its image and an artistic moment is Straight Photography. It is a style of art that “aims for excellence in photographic techniques independent of painting” (Martin and Jacobus 286); in other words, it concentrates on the reality of the world instead of using the realistic painting techniques as Pictorialists did. That means Straight Photography is a reaction that extremely against Pictorialism ideas; however, it still needs the subject matter as well. Also, the process of Straight Photography “[strives] to encourage photographers to experiment with the limits of the camera and developing the process to create abstract and unique photographs instead of manipulating the image

Carbon prints and gum bichromate prints are both examples of pigment processes. Alphonse Louis Poitevin was a French chemist, photographer who discovered the light–sensitive properties of dichromated gelatin and invented both the photolithography and calotype processes. Poitevin first one who discovered carbon printing then Joseph Swan improve it.

There are a number of genres in the photography industry. Ones that are the most popular and mainstream are considered as portrait photography while surrealism photography is another interesting genre. These two genres have specific features and characteristics which allow the photographers working in these genres to deliver and convey the subject meaning they wanted.

TXT- First color photographs that were called autochromes which was an image on glass viewed by a projection of a lamp or light source behind them. Used only three negatives red, blue, green, from a photographic projection, additive color through light.

The question that I have chosen is ‘how have photographers used formal elements to objectify their subjects?’. In this essay I will try to answer that question while including some relevant history of photography and formalism, and examples of photographers which I think have used formal elements well in producing images that are aesthetically pleasing because of their visual qualities, by having good use of composition and colour manipulation, and that are not only good artworks because of their history or meaning behind them.

George Grosz used watercolour in most of his late paintings, usually over pen and ink.

The name itself derived from the thought of Henry Preach Robinson, British author of pictorial effect in photography in 1869. He wanted to make photography be

At the turn of the 20th century, the amount of Americans who attended schools and became educated increased, which created a new mindset relating to cultural opportunities. As Americans became educated, the world of fine arts flourished, and created a new way for people to express their interests. Artists like Thomas Eakins began to embrace the world of realism, and later on inspired a student in the early 20th century. Other forms of art like abstract art, a European development, also became popular. Both Eakins and other artists were later faced with the challenge of battling the development of the European development known as abstract art. Abstract art was a form places like art galleries and libraries became more popular, and industries

With the invention of complicated printing technology in the 1870s, photographic images were possibly created for the reproduction in newspapers and magazines.

To photograph is to paint with light so, by its very essence the pursuit of photography is the chase of the image. An image should be visually capable of communicating a narrative, the message conveyed depends more on the viewer than the photographer, factors that come into play are based on the viewers own experiences, be they political or personal.

Art has evolved and regenerated itself many times during our human existence. These differences are defined through changes in styles under various theories. During the nineteenth and early twentieth century, a style known as Expressionism became popular. During this movement the artists were trying to use their artwork as a tool of expression toward life. It was mainly dominant in the nonrepresentational arts, such as abstract visual arts and music. It also was probably one of the most difficult movements to understand because the whole point of the piece lay within the artist. Not only was it a movement, it defined the act of art as a whole. From the beginning of time, each work of art, excluding replicas, show a way of expressing

The name "Photography" comes from the Greek words for light and writing. Sir John Herschel, was the first to use the term photography in 1839, when he managed to fix images using hyposulphite of soda. He described photography as "The application of the chemical rays to the purpose of pictorial representation". Herschel also coined the terms "negative", "positive" and "snapshot".

What is a photograph? The simplicity of taking a photograph leads many to ponder its artistic value. Yet, it is undeniable that there are some photos that cause an emotional reaction deeper than simply observing a recorded point in time. Surely, there are photographs that cause more reaction than some modern art pieces. There seems to be two types of photographs. The first classification is the ‘time capture’ photo – an image with the sole purpose of recording a particular event or point in time. The second nature of a photo carries a ‘deeper meaning,’ which has the ability to change the observer’s mood and cause a reaction. But what distinguishes these two varieties? There are a

Carol T. Christ and John O. Jordan first used the term “Victorian visual imagination” in 1995 in their book Victorian literature and the Victorian Visual Imagination and Kate Flint re-used it five years later in her book The Victorians and the Visual Imagination. Christ and Jordan explain that aesthetic theorists in nineteenth-century Britain regarded the eye as the “pre-eminent organ of truth” and that poetic theory of the nineteenth century hailed the “inward eye” and the poet's power of “painting a picture to the inward eye”, thus creating a word painting (xxii – xxiii). The painting of pictures in one’s mind’s eye is seen in the poetry of Alfred Lord Tennyson where his extensive descriptions of Nature are used to produce what Henry James called “the illusion of life” (Christ and Jordan xx).