Planning Fallacy And The Fallacy

Planning is the process of setting goals and creating a plan for meeting those goals. The benefits of planning as seen by the research evidence is firstly, it provides a team with a direction for future actions. For example, in my team we did not have a direction on how to proceed thorough each stage, if it was better to move up or down, which made our team members losing interest. Furthermore, planning helps when there is a problem, because if we had a plan we can proactively address problems and their impact on the project or goal is reduced. For instance, a problem in our Everest simulation was when of our team members health was critical or if someone wanted to complete an individual goal, we spent a lot of time discussing on what to do

“Organizational Management and Leadership” defines planning as “the development of goals, which leads to the development of an overall strategy for achieving those goals. Planning can be performed at all levels of an organization. Supervisors are planning when a weekly work schedule is put together for hourly staff. Top executives are planning when they define the mission statement of the company and determine how the organization can maintain its competitive advantage.”

The challenge in planning is that planning is essentially forecasting future actions and events. Most

Oral communications: This could be spoken one to one, questioning and feedback, this could be over the telephone or face to face, Oral communication allows most misunderstandings to be resolved and can gage by observing their reaction whether they fully understand or are happy with the outcome.

Planning: is the ability to manage the functions of an organization and take decisions that will bring good results in the present and the future, of the organization. It is the management decision-making of the goals to develop a good organization.

Planning is an important action that that everyone who has goals should do, because planning will help people reach goals if they properly prepare to reach their goals. For example, when I was in high school one of my goals was to go to college, so I started planning the steps I needed to take to get to where I wanted to be. I started planning the things I needed to do such as get good grades, volunteer, apply for scholarships, and attend college. Because I already had a plan in mind and knew the steps I needed to take, it was easy to meet my goal, but if I had not planned for my future, then most likely

This happens when the cause-and-effect reasoning is faulty. If everything doesn’t add up it becomes this type of fallacy

non-conformance with the plan contingency plan Fraud Install surveillance equipments within the organization Devolved responsibilities Signed workplace staff responsibilities and accountability agreements Information security Limited access to the business information and data Reduction in client service Conduct marketing campaign On-going scrutiny by media Conduct the business networking with the media companies Breach of procedure Design the strict workplace staff separation and termination policies and procedures Employee relations All the employment contracts to be mutually signed and agreed upon Bushfires group life assurance Contamination All staffs have acquire the food preparation and processing certificates

Why do Americans put so much attention to planning? For example, if you want to do a birthday party for children in the United States? What is the theme of the party? Who are you inviting? What is the birthday cake? Who is responsible for the camera? Now it is also popular for each party participant to have a goody

Fallacies in argumentation occur in many different situations. One such situation where this is apparent is fallacy of public argument in the mainstream media. These fallacies can be unintentional though described by this quote, “While fallacious arguments, if purposeful, pose real ethical problems,

due to prior judgements about that person rather than paying attention at the evidence present. I believe this fallacy is one that can be seen a lot in courts or hearings when a family member may testify to say, "I know my daughter could not have murdered that man. She is a gentle and nice person. She could would feed the homeless every weekend on her free time." Tu Quoque is another fallacy that follows the Ad Hominem Fallacy. It is also an argument that tries to avoid responsibility by stating that others are also doing the same thing. Examples of this happening can usually be seen with kids. After getting in trouble, a kid may state, "Mom this is not fair, the other kids were running in the house too. Why am I the only one in trouble?" Ad Baculum are arguments that have intention to force an agreement by threatening or intimidating with no opportunity to make a decision. Ad Vercundiam is an argument that depends on the status, respect, or importance of a supporter of an argument. In other words, its whole argument is dependent on someone that is seen of importance or with

The planning fallacy is the systematic failure to organise or in better words, plan. It takes place because people truly believe that they can plan, despite failing to do so many times before. “Humans systematically overestimate how much they can get done. They predict task will take less time and energy” (McCormick, The Planning Fallacy, 2014). People commit the planning fallacy because their confidence and certainty causes them to have unrealistic expectations, such as the time, money, energy, and effort it will take. They also carry the optimistic view of believing they will get the outcome they desire, because they want it to happen. More importantly, they ignore evidence from their past that suggest otherwise. This will leave them as a subject of the planning fallacy.

Bateman and Snell (2013) define planning as, “Specifying the goals to be achieved and deciding in advance the appropriate actions needed to achieve those goals” (p. 5). My past manager had a hard time planning daily tasks. She would make suggestions, but never followed through with the proposals. When I was an employee under her leadership I was lost at the beginning because of her lack of planning and efficiency within this function.

Planning is not only about knowing what to do, when to do and who will do it, but it is also about defining the path towards attaining the

Planning is a process of establishing a mission with clear goals as a means to achieve them. Good planning requires special skills and perspectives allowing decision-makers to understand the challenges they are facing and apply the most effective solution to a problem. In order to achieve success, one must plan accordingly. Planning can be short term or long term. Short term plans are done on daily basis and are easier to achieve than long term plans. Long term plans are also known as strategic plans and are used to achieve a long range vision or mission of a company. In both methods of planning, short term and long term, is necessary to achieve top notch results. Like in any other process, there are both benefits and pitfalls to a