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Plastic Surgery As An Alternative For Women

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Today, the industry of plastic surgery plays an important role in the market of aesthetics, in 2014, 15.6 cosmetic surgeries (minimally invasive and surgical) were performed in the United States, which represents a three percent increase from 2013 (American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2015). According to Holliday and Cairnie (2007), social and psychological forces are the main drives of the 21st-century phenomenon of plastic surgery. This phenomenon is linked to a “body ideology” in which women are trying to achieve the perfect body. They modified their physical appearance in order to fit with the aesthetics norms of society. Plastic surgery represents an alternative for women that are unhappy with the way they look. In the late 1980s and early 1990s plastic surgeries were already popular but, by that time women would not express explicitly their desire for big non-natural breast, a big breast that is “to big to be real”. Nowadays, women are looking forward for a “fake-looking” as a way of conspicuous consumption; they want to demonstrate that can afford an expensive surgical procedure to enhance their beauty. Plastic surgeries have become a symbol of status, success, wealth, and fame (Gimlin, 2013).
Egan and McCorkindale (2007), provide evidence to support the notion that there is a significant relationship between narcissism and vanity. Also, in their study they discovered that professional women are more likely to invest their money on services like massage, facials,

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