Annotated Bibliography
Davis, Sally Ogle. “Plastic Surgery Junkies: Why Are Perfectly Pretty Women…” Cosmopolitan 222.6 (1997): 218. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 23 Jan. 2017.
In the article “Plastic Surgery Junkies: Why Are Perfectly Pretty Women Getting Hooked” by Sally Davis, explained how perfect women are getting changes done to their bodies when it's not needed. She describes how people today are obsessed with their flaws and what people think about them just to fit in. She also said that the main reason people felt the need to change themselves was because of the use of technology and the idea of looking like a model and celebrity.
Her opinion of this paper is reliable because in ebsco host she has more than one article written by her. Some of her
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“When Looks Can Kill.” New Scientist. 192.2574 (2006): 18. MasterFILE
Premier. Web. 23 Jan. 2017 In the article “When Looks Can Kill” by Rachel Nowak, it informs how wanting to look good has its ways of killing a person. Plastic surgery not only can kill a person, but can cause cosmetic issues (not free risk at all). Surgeons have to be aware of the conditions when they operate on a person. Rachel also says that getting a procedure done can cause mental health issues and dissatisfaction with the outcome they get out of it. Not only can looks kill, but it is very costly.
Rachel's article is reliable because she has statistics that she spent time to research and figure out exactly what kind of procedures can injure a person. In this article she really doesn’t have any biases because she just normally bases it off of what can hurt a person. This article can help me in my research and paper because it just tells me some of the issues or problems you can get from getting plastic surgery. It can also help me write the statistics in my paper of how many people get procedures a day.
Stephanopoulos, George.”Plastic Surgery Risks.” Good Morning America (ABC) (2015): 1.
Regional Business News. Web. 23 Jan.
Consequences of Plastic Surgery There are about fifteen million plastic surgeries per year. Women have more plastic surgeries than men but men have an increasing amount of cosmetic procedure and surgeries. Plastic surgery is glamorized in this society; everyone is influenced by famous people so people copy them. Because there is such a high demand in beauty a person might feel like they need to get plastic surgery to have the new popular look. The best definition of plastic surgery is “Plastic surgeries are different procedures that enhance or reconstruct body parts and skin”(Fallon).
It is estimated that 1-2% of our population is affected by this disorder (Body Dysmorphic Disorder). Robert Pattinson, Michael Jackson, and Marilyn Monroe are just a few of many celebs who demonstrated symptoms of this disorder. Wildenstein traded in her Swiss features for a more feline look in order to please her ex-husband. Instead of focusing on what could mold her into a better individual, she decided to undergo multiple surgeries only to achieve a divorce thereafter. Getting a nose job, a lip injection, or botox has now become a norm in our society; celebrities purchase these procedures as if they were fetching for new shoes at the mall. According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ASAPS), Americans spend $12 billion on cosmetic procedures annually. This disorder equally affects men and women, and its victims tend to stay unsatisfied with their looks even after the procedure is done. They nitpick each and every “flaw” they conceive and attempt to change it or hide it as best as they can. Society’s growing obsession with outward appearance should be viewed as a dangerous
“Kristen, a fifteen-year-old girl from New Jersey, began to develop curves at the age of 15, and she was distressed that her breasts didn’t come next. Because of this, she didn’t feel like a woman. In fact, she was not yet a woman at 15. Nonetheless, for someone who was raised inside a culture of being surrounded by celebrity obsessions and unrealistic TV shows—not to mention that two of her family members (mother and older sister) had received breast implants—she believed that it was right to also do the same. Without a doubt, after undergoing breast augmentation surgery with saline implants, she finally felt ‘normal’,” (Sweeney). Cosmetic surgery has changed the way females perceive beauty standards in a sense where you must go through pain and suffering to achieve ‘perfection’. The tradition beauty standard of embracing natural elegance has become manipulated by the media and psychologically harmful.
The debate of the emotional impacts of plastic surgery and how it impacts patients and doctors has been in recent debates. Specifically, how these emotional effects influence the mental health of the individuals involved. Stephanie Dubick’s “When You Have Body Dysmorphia, Coping Through Plastic Surgery Can Be a Nightmare” and David Castle’s “Body dysmorphic disorder and cosmetic surgery: are surgeons too quick to nip and tuck?” both agree that plastic surgery could lead to an onset of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) or trigger the behavior in people that exhibit the obsessive qualities, Castle through logical appeals and Dubick through emotional appeals. Both have some degree of bias, but Dubick’s argument is weakened by the lack of
In “The Pitfalls of Plastic Surgery,” by Camille Paglia, she argues that American surgeons are being too narrow minded with their work because they use the same models as a representation of what their clients can look like. She suggests that getting plastic surgery has become such a normal thing in America and that society pushes women to get work done in order to get that “perfect” look. Paglia also points out that plastic surgery has “leveled the playing field” with wives and their husbands mistresses (694). Also, she believes that plastic surgery is not only critical in keeping a job, but also in keeping a relationship. Although I agree with some of Paglia’s arguments, I view some of the issues differently such as, needing plastic surgery to keep a marriage, that plastic surgery is for non intellectuals, that Hollywood’s environment encourages women to change their looks, and that nothing good can come out of plastic surgery.
Thesis: The cosmetic, issues, and beauty. We need to understand every possible outcome while considering plastic surgery
107) Second, magazines geared toward women often run stories focusing on the ordinary woman’s experiences with surgery of the benefits of surgically improving one’s appearance. Also, advertisements typically promote the benefits of cosmetic surgery using gendered stereotypes, with men represented as concerned with virility and professional competitiveness whereas women are investing in aesthetic improvements. Therefore, the idea of personal transformations and self-improvement is not particularly novel but standard approach that has become entrenched in mass media representations of cosmetic surgery (Adams, 2009, p. 108). However, the potential health risks are downplayed and negative outcomes are attributed to the unpredictability of the aesthetic results or poor surgeon selection. More importantly, these frames tend to diverge from the actual surgical experience, which rather being neat and instantaneous, is often complex and painful. Nevertheless, it is the media-mediated frame that dominates the broader social discussion of cosmetic surgery and often reduces it to a consumable lifestyle option as opposed to a complicated medical procedure fraught with potential risks and uncertainties.
Thesis: Plastic Surgery has been a problem in American society. People shouldn’t feel ashamed of their body, their looks, or be insecure about any body part because everyone is beautiful in their own way. Problems of plastic surgery include expenses, health issues, and medical malpractice.
If one is considering cosmetic surgery I suggest reconsidering. Research shows cosmetic surgery can be a risky and costly procedure. Society is pressuring people to look more attractive. Media shows actors to be flawless and the public feels that one should be compared to these actors. Cosmetic surgery is becoming more popular is today’s culture. People are turning to cosmetic surgery for many reasons, some of them are not healthy.
Plastic Surgery has become a worldwide epidemic in today’s world. The number of plastic surgeries continues to increase since 2010. In today’s day and age, plastic surgery is one of the most popular and requested procedures. Females are opting to have plastic surgery because they dislike their body image. Society has impacted many people by brain washing them to believe that a person’s body has to be perfect. In order for one to be considered beautiful, television and media influence people’s perceptions of beauty.
Cosmetic surgery is a high in-demand, popular medical procedure that can improve your physical appearance. It can be features on the face or body. This is the general idea behind what we as individuals believe it will do. We believe that surgery will improve how look better, help build higher self-esteem, feel better about ourselves, and grab people’s attention. However, what is the motivation behind why people want to improve their appearance? The influence that society and media have on the population today could not be any higher. Society feels that they can say it can criticize a person’s appearance and weight and think that repercussions will not occur. If making someone feel terrible about themselves is not worse enough, it influences people to consider getting some form of cosmetic surgery, in order to satisfy societies demands. Reality television has done the same and is another factor to why people consider cosmetic surgery. This encourages a person to want to look like someone they idolize on television. There are shows that exist about cosmetic surgery that further inspire a person to alter the way they look. Society, social media, and reality television are leading women of all ages to pursue cosmetic surgery to preserve, change, alternate, or reform the body and face in order to satisfy the harsh views and standards set that determine the “perfect body and face.”
In a society so consumed by the ideology of beauty, it makes sense as to why so many women these days undergo cosmetic surgery. The definition of beauty has long been obstructed and changed. In the past, if you look at the woman, you will see they are curvy, during this era being thin meant you were poor where as a beautiful and wealthy woman would be plump because she could afford fine dining. As society has changed, being slender has become the new trend, creating the idea that in order to be truly beautiful one must be thin. The movie stars in Hollywood, although most people realize the beautifying changes that are made to the pictures, this idea of 'beauty ' and 'desire ' still lingers in the mind of whoever comes across it. Our society is bombarded with several different ideologies of beauty but beauty is in the eye of the beholder. The beauty standards that have been set should not be what are shaping people around the world and influencing them to go through with plastic surgery. The use of plastic surgery has changed from a medical procedure used to reconstruct the wounded or people with birth defects to reconstructing something people do not like about themselves. Plastic surgery was used during WWI in 1910 and after the war, skin grafting grew. The first training program in the United States was in 1924 thanks to Dr. John Davis. In 1950-1959, plastic surgery was used broadly to repair cleft pallet. It wasn’t until about
Messages within the media indirectly contribute to the rising rate of plastic surgery. Desires to meet the idealisms of media representations are often so consuming that people demand plastic surgery despite all of its associated risks and controversies. To compensate for this up and coming surgical trend, technology has developed more reasonable and attainable options for the public. Millions of operations are now able to be performed on those wishing to fulfill specific gratifcations toward their own personal appearance and/or self-esteem. This is a serious problem in that people are unaware or just simply
Plastic surgery is not the best choice for anybody because you never know what your final outcome is which Allison A. stated in 2008. Doctors cannot guarantee you will come out successfully from the surgery room. She also said that it is like a game where you do not know if you win at the end of the play. People turn to cosmetic products for better appearances but when it’s not enough or not satisfying to them, they turn to plastic surgery. They never think about the consequences of what they want to look like or the dangers and risks that are involved. Veronica S. (2007) believes that cosmetic surgery is more harmful than it is beneficial. Unnecessary surgery seems to put women in danger for the sake of Hollywood beauty. We all handle healing differently. Some may heal well and some won’t. Hykra (2005) states that if you have pre-existing health conditions cosmetic surgery can be really dangerous. He also reports that people with heart condition, diabetes, or if you are a smoker, or have allergies you may experience complications that others may not.
Plastic surgery has been a hot-button issue in recent years because of the debate of how far procedures can and should go. TV shows like Botched highlight how plastic surgeries can go wrong and make someone look fake, but that is a rarer scenario than media perceives it to be. Because of media’s prevalence in our lives, we see plastic surgery as fake and those who seek it faker. Not all the people who seek plastic surgery are doing it in vain. They are seeking to better themselves. The truth is media pushes a negative impact on the perception of plastic surgery and hides the benefits plastic surgery can have.