Plato's Argument Analysis

1) From which advanced civilization did Europeans get the ‘science’ of how to make spirits?

2. The author uses sources that date back to the Stone Age, to gather his information on the use of beer. He outlines how society changed from being hunter-gatherers, and relying on the environment for nutrition, to farmers who were independent of scavenging the environment for nutrition.

Beer started out as gruel, and as the gruel fermented it turned into beer. Now it was not the first form of alcohol, but it was an important kind of alcohol. Beer was made from cereal crops, which were very abundant, and because it was so abundant it could be made whenever it was needed. They then found an even easier way to make beer by using beer-bread. Beer bread is basically everything needed to make beer in a loaf, making it convenient to store the raw beer materials. Beer started as just a social drink but then blossomed into a “hallmark of civilization”, as seen by the Mesopotamians. Grain was the basis of the national diet, it was

1. The author’s main thesis in setting the book is that drinks have shaped human history ever since early humans were forced to live by rivers, springs and lakes to ensure an adequate supply of freshwater.

Beer originated in Egypt and Mesopotamia during the Neolithic period. Beer was not so much an ‘invention’ as it was a ‘discovery.’ It was a very social drink, meaning both the rich and the poor consumed it and due to the fact it was used in many religious ceremonies. Beer was also a reason that people during the Neolithic period adopted agriculture. Some purposes for the use of beer include wages for workers. Instead of paying workers with physical money, they instead paid them with beer. Beer also proved to have many medicinal benefits.

Is it strange that cereal grains go from bland to exciting and favorable to use in everyday life by one invention: beer. The cereal grains was turned not boring by adding only two things: water and time. The Egyptians' love for beer faltered since they made at least seventeen types of beer. Neither did the Mesopotamians' excitement, since they made over twenty types of beer. Also in Mesopotamia, they had government storehouses that hold beer-bread named bappir to keep for making beer or to use during food shortages. When people were passionate about something they dwell on it and that is what the Mesopotamians and Egyptians showed. The hype for beer did not end there since it became a symbol of friendship. The most important thing, that beer might have done to the Egyptians, Sumerians, Incas and China was to be used in religious offerings like funerals since it was a gift from gods. In my opinion, beer most been good, since they considered highly to be given to their gods. Then, beer turned socially acceptable after all the Sumerians started making stories about people turning human when eating bread and drinking beer. That is when beer is started to be use in everyday life instead of once a while because beer became a part of their culture. The Mesopotamians invented writing for the purpose of collection and distribution of bread and beer. Which led to inequality because depending on their job, they get a specific amount of beer and bread as payment since it was currency. Beer was important on many levels. It was used for food, religious offerings, stories, and

The discovery of beer happened around 10000 BCE. The hunter-gatherers, located in the Fertile Crescent, collected cereal grains because they could be stored for a number of months if kept dry and safe. The storage of grains made it harder to have a nomadic lifestyle; therefore the people started staying in one place. They would try to make water tight storage areas, however water did eventually get into them. After the grain would get wet and the people would cook it, it turned into gruel and when that was left sitting around for a few days it would turn into beer. Beer became important because it was safer to drink, due to the fact that you cooked it which got rid of bacteria. In the

From the beginning, beer was a social drink, as it could be drunk communally from one container. Beer's intoxicating quality made it seem magical to its early drinkers, and it was used in many religious ceremonies. Also, the discovery and popularity of beer may have played a small but important role in the start of the transition from hunter-gathering to agriculture in the fertile crescent. Beer contributed by increasing the amount of grain that needed to be cultivated, by replacing meat as a source of vitamin B (which allowed hunting to decline), and by making liquid nourishment safe. These early societies' precious beer was stored in communal storehouses, which helped during food shortages. The adoption of farming eventually led to the beginning of civilization, and humanity's love for

In a History of the Worlds in Six Glasses, Tom Standage describes beer as one of the oldest beverage. According to Standage the discovery of beer was around 10,000 BCE, it was made from grain that grew in the region called Fertile that could be stored and made wet or soaked to turn into beer (p 15). Beer was shared with several people and goes on to become a social drink. Standage goes on to explain about another beverage made with wild grapes vines produced between 9000 and 4000 BCE in northern Iran (p 47). Wine became a symbol of social differentiation and a form of conspicuous consumption. In this essay I will describe how Tom Stranger’s text discusses the relationship between beer and wine with their social behaviors and their

In Tom Standage’s novel a History in Six Glasses, Standage credits the discovery of beer and wine to the Neolithic Revolution. The Neolithic Revolution allowed humans to abandon their previous nomadic lifestyle they had in the Paleolithic era, and instead to discover how to produce agriculture and raise cattle. Humans were able to establish settlements in fertile areas with predictable climate, like the Fertile Crescent, resulting in farming spreading throughout the region. Rice and wheat became one of the first plants they cultivated, and eventually the production of beer and wine came to be. Beer was discovered when humans began to store and ferment grain. Soon, because of how easy and accessible grain was beer began to dominate the Egyptian

Similarly, in Book IV of the Republic, Plato has stated that the tyrants are savage and are enemies of the city instead of friends and armies. According to him, good rulers do not own any property; they should not have their own house or store; they should receive a fixed rate of pay from their citizens; they should live in a camp like shoulders. Whereas, if they acquire home, money or store of their own, and live with the other citizens, they will be tyrants instead of allies of the other citizens; they will have to live their life in

Beverage Prompts BEER 1. How is the discovery of beer linked to the growth of the first “civilizations”? The discovery of beer is linked to the growth of the first civilizations because it came into existence during time when people were switching from nomadic to settled lifestyles, giving them the opportunity to create civilizations. Beer became the center for everything including religion, and economics.

Soon people found out that this grain could be made into a substance which we now know as beer. This in turn, led to some of the first civilizations in the “Fertile

Twelve thousand years ago, humans were growing tired of the hunter-gatherer lifestyle and had decided to take on farming, settling down in one place instead of constantly on the run for prey. In the effort to take on this new life, they had to store lots of grain, and it was found exceedingly difficult to make the storage containers airtight. Water would seep into the storage containers and would create a sweet mixture, also known as beer. They would find the same result if gruel was left sitting out; the air would ferment the sugar in the gruel into alcohol. Bread, like beer, was derived from gruel. There has been a debate among archaeologists about which came first, bread or beer, similar to the chicken and egg argument. No clear answer has

Alcoholic beverages have been around for thousands of years, some Stone Age beer jugs show that fermented beverages were being produced as early as 10,000 B.C.[Hanson, David J. 1997]. In the past beer was used as a substitute to drinking water, it was considered safer due to the unsanitary ways that water was delivered, as the process boiled off any bacteria [Cahill, Mero M. There are many different types of alcoholic beverages on the market, these are classified into the following groups beer, wine and spirits (Alcoholic Beverages).