Pm3110 Unit 4

In many methods, skin and proximity effects are very important. Another important parameter is alternative current (a.c.) resistance, rac. This parameter is frequency dependence. It can be shown that rac increased with the increased of frequency (Du, & Burnett, (2000), (Demoulias, Labridis, Dokopoulos & Gouramanis, 2007), (Desmet, Vanalme, Belmans, & Van Dommelen, 2008). Some research papers used value from published graph such as by The Okonite Company and Anixter Inc. (The Okonite Company, 2001), (Anixter Inc., n.d.). However upon inspection, it was found that the graph is produced on the basis of fundamental frequency of 60 Hz and using imperial unit. Some other sources, although on 50 Hz as fundamental basis, give limited data such as (Moore, 1997), (Coates, n.d). As an alternative, formula from IEC 287-1-1 was used to calculate the rac (IEC, 1994).

A linear formula idea will be used and the decision variables will be labeled as follow:

We would highly recommend to develop templug’s batch specific calibration curve. Based on our historical analysis, considerable variation among calibration equation has been noted. Also, templug material properties been unknown to us makes harder to trace down variation in results and ultimately would need to perform calibration curve exercise at later stage.

Nowadays, most devices are accurate and they can provide precise measurements of 1 yard up to an optimal distance of 1000 yards. However, there are simple ways to discover the accuracy of a product. For example, if your device is accurate within 1 yard and you get reading of 200 yards, that means that the actual distance should be between 199 and 201 yards. Therefore, the margin of error is smaller to an accurate product.

Our object is to confirm Ohm’s law by analyzing the dependence of the electrical current as a function of voltage and as a function of resistance. Also, we studied the current flow and voltage in series and parallel. Finally, the lab determined the equivalence resistance of series and parallel combination of resistors and compared the results with theoretical data.

The voltmeter is accurate to +0.005 V, therefore the error is double the smallest measurement.

Measure the potential difference (V) and current (A) values by using a variety of resistors, remaining constant EMF to find out its internal resistance.

Let Lij be the quality loss for ith response at jth trial. Lij can be computed based on Taguchi’s loss function.

In Statistics, the standard deviation is named as the determination of indecision of a chance variable, expressed as the average deviation of a group of data from its arithmetic mean and planned as the positive square root of the inconsistency. In this article we are discussing about learn formula for standard deviation problems.

This method is widely used for parameter estimation with incomplete or missing data [10, 11, 12]. In this paper, a new EM-based Lifetime Estimation (EMLE) algorithm is proposed to simultaneously estimate the IRF and lifetime, and it shows better photon efficiency compared with EKF in [9].

Uncertainty quantification and prediction gain. Under randomized additional basis selection it is important study the prediction accuracy of the inverse problem in terms of L2 error/ energy error. PI also aims to study the uncertainty quantification of the inverse problem and the effect of randomized basis function on the posterior variability.

A multimeter was connected across individual resistors and resistance measurements were recorded. The multimeter was then connected across all the resistors whereby measurements recorded. The values are tabulated in Table 1:

The uncertainty of the current source calibration has two terms. The first term is an absolute uncertainty that

2 is shown in Table 6 (absolute term) and Table 7 (relative term). These tables vary by DUT model. For efficiency, the values in the table are determined after evaluating several DUTs of the same model and used for subsequent DUTs of this model if the measurement noise is less than the values in the tables. A similar set of tables is generated for the Keithley 6430 current source (not presented).

This is a case study that looks in detail at the properties, process and application of capacitance micrometers. The fundamentals and designs of capacitance micrometers are analyzed in detail in order to assess their viable use within industry. Suitable comparisons with alternatives to capacitance micrometry measuring techniques are made while looking at the benefits and drawbacks of each with respect to different applications. This case study proves that capacitance sensing is an robust technology to use due both its variety of uses that can be used in a wide range of extreme industrial environments and applications.