Pneumonia Case Study

Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lungs, it can be caused by a variety of organisms entering the body – including bacteria, viruses or fungi. The infection causes an inflammation of the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs and may result in the alveoli filling with fluid or other purulent material (Mayo Clinic, 2016). An accumulation of fluid within alveoli and portions of the lungs, can reduce the ability of the lungs to allow for oxygen diffusion across the alveoli walls. If oxygen saturation is low, it can cause the body’s cells to not work effectively. Therefore, the risk of the infection spreading through the body is increased – it is due to this reason, that pneumonia can be life-threatening (American Lung Foundation, 2016). Pneumonia

* Pneumonia is refers to an infection in the lungs that causes swelling in the lungs tissue and this inflammation

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs. Many different organisms can cause it, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Pneumonia can range from mild to severe, and can even be deadly. The severity depends on the type of organism causing pneumonia, as well as your age and underlying health.

Each bronchus then divides again forming the bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes lead directly into the lungs where they divide into many smaller tubes which connect to tiny sacs called alveoli. The average adult's lungs contain about 600 million of these spongy, air-filled sacs that are surrounded by capillaries. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses through the capillaries into the arterial blood. Meanwhile, the waste-rich blood from the veins releases its carbon dioxide into the alveoli. The carbon dioxide follows the same path out of the lungs when you exhale.

Anyone can get pneumonia, but elderly, infants, and those with weakened immune system are at a higher risk. Pneumonia is commonly a complication of an upper respiratory system infection such as the influenza virus. Pneumonia often starts with symptoms that are typical of a common cold, like sore throat, nasal congestion and cough. As the infection develops in the lungs, symptoms such as fever, difficulty breathing, fatigue, wheezing, dry cough, shaking chills,

Small air sacks called alveoli are at the tips of the bronchioles. When air reaches them, the oxygen concentration is high, which causes diffusion into red blood cells travelling through pulmonary capillaries (7). The red blood cells then distribute the new oxygen to the rest of the body. When they reach the alveoli again, they exchange carbon dioxide (a form of cell waste) for new oxygen, and repeat the process. The carbon dioxide is moved through the bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea in the form of exhalation.

Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung which results into an excess of fluid or pus accumulating into the alveoli of the lung. Pneumonia impairs gas exchange which leads to hypoxemia and is acquire by inhaling a contagious organism or an irritating agent. (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). Fungal, bacteria and viruses are the most common organisms that can be inhale. Pneumonia could be community-acquired or health care associated. Community –acquired pneumonia (CAP) occurs out of a healthcare facility while health care associated pneumonia (HAP) is acquired in a healthcare facility. HAP are more resistant to antibiotic and patients on ventilators and those receiving kidney dialysis have a higher risk factor. Infants, children and the elderly also have a higher risk of acquiring pneumonia due to their immune system inability to fight the virus. Pneumonia can also be classified as aspiration pneumonia if it arises by inhaling saliva, vomit, food or drink into the lungs. Patients with abnormal gag reflex, dysphagia, brain injury, and are abusing drug or alcohol have a higher risk of aspiration pneumonia (Mayo Clinic, 2013). In the case of patient E.O., this patient had rhonchi in the lower lobe and the upper lobe sound was coarse and diminished. Signs and symptoms of pneumonia include difficulty breathing, chest pain, wheezing, fever, headache, chills, cough, confusion, pain in muscle or

Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is and has been a major health problem here in the U.S. This disease mostly affects young children and the elderly 65. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacteria causing pneumonia, this bacterium has over 90 different stereotypes and is extremely hard to pin point the different mutating strains. Pneumonia is contracted from inhalation of droplets; any one coughing or sneezing around your area and carrying the virus can pass it along to you fairly easy. Pneumonia is an upper respiratory infection that causes the lungs to be inflamed and fill the alveoli (air sacs) with fluids causing lack of oxygen to the red blood cells. The most common test for S. pneumoniae is the optichin sensitivity with an optichin

1. Pneumonia: According to Brashers & Huether (2014), pneumonia is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. Pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection caused by viruses, bacteria, protozoas, parasites, or fungi. Most cases of pneumonia result from an upper respiratory tract infection. Common symptoms of Pneumonia include, cough with rust or green colored sputum,

The respiratory system is the process responsible for the transportation and exchange of gases into and out of the human body. As we breath in, oxygen in the air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through a series of air pipes known as the airway and into the lungs. As air is drawn into the lungs and waste gas excreted, it passes through the airway, first through the mouth or nose and through the pharynx, larynx and windpipe – also known as the trachea. At this point it then enters the lungs through the bronchi before finally reaching the air sacs known as alveoli. Within the lungs, through a process known as diffusion, the oxygen is transferred to the blood stream through the alveoli (air ducts) where it is then transported inside

Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. There are many subcategories for pneumonia but in this paper I will be talking about chronic pneumonia. Everyone shows symptoms of pneumonia differently. The most common symptoms include coughing, fever, and shortness of breath. Less common include chest pain, headache, Fusion, or fatigue. Chronic pneumonias are usually caused by slow-growing organisms such as fungi or microorganisms. Some cases of chronic pneumonia can't be diagnosed even by biopsies of lung tissue. There are four main causes of chronic pneumonia. Histoplasmosis is a fungus commonly found in soil and is associated with bird droppings. It cannot be passed person to person and can cause both acute

There are four different classifications of pneumonia including community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, healthcare associated pneumonia, and ventilator-associated event which were previously referred to as ventilator-associated pneumonia (HESS). Bacteria, fungus, and viruses are some of the major causes of any type of pneumonia. Specifically, pneumococcus and Haemophilus, influenza are common pneumonia-causing bacteria. In children, these bacteria are the most present. Streptococcus pneumonia These microorganisms are capable of causing pneumonia, which is defined as inflamed air sacs in the lungs capable of developing fluid.

An infection of one or both the lungs refers to Pneumonia. The major causes of pneumonia are germs like bacteria, virus, and fungi. The alveoli (air sacs) of an infected person’s lungs are inflated with fluids or pus. Pneumonia spreads in several ways. The viruses and bacteria found in airborne droplets transmitted due to coughing and sneezing, when inhaled can cause pneumonia. It is also transmitted through blood, especially during and shortly after birth. Research is still underway on the other pathogens that possibly cause the disease.

Mycoplasma Pneumonia is the most common pneumonia ranging in older kids and younger adults. This type of lung infection goes by many different names such as Walking Pneumonia, Eaton Agent Pneumonia and Primary Atypical Pneumonia. Mycoplasma Pneumoniae is one of the smallest living organisms that can reproduce outside of a cell but, prefers to have a host and to be parasitic. Mycoplasma pneumoniae likes to party in the late summer and early fall especially in communities but is still found in the other seasons.

The clinical manifestations of pneumonia will be different according to the causative organism and the patient’s underlying conditions and/or comorbidities (Smeltzer, et al). Some of the manifestations are