Polar Bears Now Mating

"Polar Bears, Ringed Seals, and the Complex Consequences of Climate Change" is an article written by Mary Bates who earned her PhD studying Bat echolocation. She works for an American Association for the Advancement of Science. In this article Mary talks about how Climate change is impacting different species at different rates. Here, she focuses on sea-ice dependent animals such as Polar Bears and Ringed Seals at Arctic. She explains on how these animals are dependent upon the sea-ice for living. The Arctic is warming at a rate three times greater than the global average, and that the sea ice coverage is declining rapidly. She also talks about Hamilton's study on sea-ice dependent animals. Before the melting of sea ice the Polar bears used

The Pizzly was the result of Grizzly bears moving north, towards the poles, to escape their warm climate. Mammals are predicted to be moving ten miles per decade and marine life is predicted to be moving four times faster. Chris Servheen, a Grizzly bear expert at the University of Montana, stated “The combination of warmer temperatures and vegetation growth means there is more overlap between the species’ and I’d expect that overlap to increase.” The overlapping of species is a major cause of extinction. To emphasize, plenty of species are dying due to being genetically swamped by others. It is more detrimental, when rare species come in contact with more abundant ones. In this situation, the abundant ones can interbreed with them swamping the rare species and creating hybrids, consequently driving the original purebred to complete extinction. It can also lead to reduced genetic diversity, in which reduces the species ability to evolve with future changes in its environment. TRANSITION, the Chippewa forest is known for its beautiful scenery and catholic wildlife, with the vegetation already predicted to vanish by the end of the century, it would be devastating for all of the species of animals to vanish along with it. Minnesota and other states in the northern hemisphere are heating up faster than any other areas around the world, due to the relatively high latitude, the position relative to prevailing winds, and the drastic rise in temperature of the Gulf of Maine. Although this is not a result of human impact, when it is mixed with the warming climate, caused by the increased amount of atmospheric carbon, it can be disastrous towards

Grizzly bears have had to adapt when the weather is off like having a warm winter it sets their internal clock off to where when they should be hibernating they are still out or cold weather comes late they are already awake from hibernation or cold weather comes to to early and they aren’t hibernating. They also have to deal with man made disasters like oil spills or fires, both can kill bears and kill what they eat like fish which could then kill the bears if they can not eat enough food because their immune system will deteriorate and kill them. Grizzly Bears are divergent because recent studies have shown that some grizzly bear’s mothers are polar bears and fathers are grizzly bears. This means that the fathers travel long distances to mate with mother polar bears. The most recent studies have suggested that they have been divergent from about 150,000 years ago. (Tia Ghose) Past research revealed that brown bears on ABC Islands, off the southeastern coast of Alaska, had mitochondrial DNA that look just like polar bear DNA.(Mitochondrial DNA comes only from the mother and is carried in the cytoplasm in the cell’s energy-making structures called mitochondria.) (Tia

Polar bears are one of the countless species who are endangered. They were one of the first animals affected by global warming and their population is heavily decreasing. Around 1980, the Arctic was as large as 8 million square kilometres. In 2011, studies show that the Arctic has reduced its size to 4.5 million square kilometers. In the future, will there be anything such as the Arctic? Scientist predict by 2040, only a fringe of ice will remain in Northeast Canada and Northern Greenland. This is known as the Last Ice Area. This matter is mostly taking part in Canada, since; Canada holds more than half the world’s polar bear population. Other affected countries include the U.S. (Alaska), Greenland,

The polar bear, the largest land carnivore in North America, one of the largest animals in the world and a favorite at zoos worldwide, has, over the years, adapted to its harsh Arctic environment. The appropriately named ‘ursus maritimum’ or sea bear usually lives between 15 and 18 years in the wild and spends most of its life on ice. It is the most recent of the eight bear species. The first polar bear was a brown bear subspecies, with brown bear dimensions and brown bear teeth. The polar bear evolution was rapid due to the small population and extreme pressure to survive. Even today, the polar bear continues to evolve to better adapt to the harsh realities of Arctic life.

A research scientist stands on a sheet of ice. He looks right, then left, more ice. Off in the distance are mountains of ice. There are open patches of water in the middle of this great land of ice reflecting the vibrant and glowing sun. Waiting with patience around one patch is a polar bear, white and skinny. Skinny, as the polar bear has not eaten in days. It stands watch with hopeful eyes that a big, juicy seal will pop its head out just enough to get a bite and haul the seal on shore to feed itself and the bear’s two cubs. This area is known as the arctic, and it is home to many animals, such as the polar bear, but they are in danger of losing their home due to the melting ice caps. At the beginning of the article “The geopolitics of Arctic melt”, Charles K. Ebinger, the director of the Energy Security and Climate Initiative at Brookings Institution, as well as Evie Zambetakis, a Senior Research Assistant at Brookings Institute in 2009, asserts their credence of how the thawing Arctic, due to Global warming, increased the interest of the area worldwide.

At the time it was emphasized that the main threat to the bears is decreasing amount of food i.e. seals in the Arctic seas. As the climate becomes increasingly warmer, the number of seals is reducing and bears finding harder to find food.

Regardless of the studies continuously being done on the polar bear and brown grizzly bear lineage, the polar bear is listed as “vulnerable” which is one level below “endangered” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature List. This is due to the warming climate, loss of sea ice, threats of hunting, shipping, and pollution (Hailer, Verena, and Bjorn, 2012).

Polar bears, whose scientific name is Ursus maritimus, is most commonly referred to as “sea bear” or “ice bear”. These bears are very interesting species that belong to the arctic region. In this essay, I will be discussing the polar bear’s behavior and the type of species interactions they have: The species interaction refers to symbiotic relationships. I will also be discussing a new research that may

The polar bear lives up in the Arctic region where global warming and climate change are melting the ice caps that the bears thrive on. They use the ice as a platform from hunting and rest. The random pocket holes in the ice, where the seals pop up at, is where the polar bear catches its prey. With this reduction of ice, “the abundance of seals, and increases the amount of energy and time needed for hunting, leaving less energy for reproduction” (Endangered Species and Habitats).

Reproduction and Abundance of Polar Bears under Climate Change article, “…female mating probability under sea ice area declines and declines in mate-searching efficiency due to habitat fragmentation.” (Molnár). Furthermore, since the Polar Bear habitat is decreasing in size, there are little to no male Polar Bears to mate. Since female Polar Bears do not have enough energy to search at a great distance to mate (because of low food) they do not have the ability mate and reproduce.

The article “Love in the time of climate change: Grizzlies and Polar bears now mating” explains some of the effects of climate change on bears. Now this days more and more pizzlies or grolars, mixed of the Polar and Grizzly bears are seen in parts of Alaska and Western Canada. The bears are mating with other possible kinds of bears rather than not mating at all. Both of this bears are mating because this two different kind shares some similarity and shares same branches of their evolutionary tree. The polar-grizzly crossbreed is one of the most recent hybrid along with coywolf, a mix of coyote-dog-wolf, and a lynx bobcat. This mix breeds have been spotted

A primary response to change is the ability of individuals to modify their behavior patterns relation to spatial distribution and phenological shifts. However, for species living in environmental extremes, they have little opportunity to regulate the climate-warming changes to their physical environment and must display plasticity in their key behaviors to cope with the changes. Polar bears face the dilemma of remaining with ice that has retreated past biologically-productive shallow waters or to move away from the retreating sea ice to the shore which can lead to inadequate resources and exposure to risk factors. There was an investigation on polar bears from Alaska’s southern Beaufort Sea (SB) subpopulation to see if the rapid environmental

On the western shore of the Hudson Bay, biologists have been studying the drastic changed in polar bear diets and their new eating habits. Through their studies of polar bear scat and video surveillance, the biologists have come to the conclusion that polar bears are beginning to adopt a new form of food. They are beginning to eat from the abundant source of snow geese. The snow geese have been traveling farther north in the spring to nest in the grassy, arctic marshes. Here they lay their eggs, vulnerable to predators such as the polar bear. Due to the global warming, the arctic ice has begun to melt at a much faster pace. This means that polar bears have less time and less ice to hunt for seals. The polar bears have always relied on seals

Polar bears are the most known animals for the impacts of climate change on species. Global warming has been most prominent in the Arctic, and this trend is expected to continue. Their dependence on sea ice makes them highly vulnerable to a changing climate. Polar bears greatly rely on the sea ice environment for traveling, hunting, mating, resting, and in some areas, maternal dens (WWF). Specifically, they depend heavily on sea ice-dependent prey such as seals. Additionally, their long generation time and low reproductive rate may limit their ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Every time people breathe or burn something, oxygen in the air is converted to carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is used by plants to breathe and is converted back to oxygen, creating a cycle. If there is an increase in oxygen burning, for example, burning a lot of coal or oil to generate electricity or run cars, and cut down trees, the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is increased. This makes the air thicker and warms up the earth. The amount of warming is only a few degrees but it is enough to disturb the fragile balance of nature, which in turn will melt the polar ice, raise sea levels, cause violent hurricanes and endanger species such as polar bears. The polar bears are just one example of endangered animals because of the high demand of human need for energy which is acquired by burning fossil fuels.