Police History

In April 1635, the city of Boston became the first city out of the 13 colonies to establish a system of law enforcement service. During 1635, officers were called night watcher, whose duty was to patrol the community during the night hours. During the night, six watchmen and one constable were assigned to patrol. The seven-people procedure continued until 1712 where the city of Boston started to pay the officers. Finally, in September of 1789 congress created the first federal law enforcement, the United States Marshal – which later President George Washington appointed in thirteen Marshals to all thirteen colonies.

The United States Police model traces back to the British Model of Policing. Originating in the 1200s, British law enforcement started as organized posses. At the time if a man heard a victim cry out he joined the posse and helped track the criminal. Typically, leaders called shire reeve (county leaders) or comes stabuli (mounted officers) led the efforts. The world sheriff traces back to shire reeve and constable back to comes stabuli. Small numbers of mounted officers were employed which meant that there were not numerous enough to handle everything handled by today’s law enforcement. This system created many feuds among competing posses. Public executions, often including torture, were common, but trials were rare.

The 1960's changed the dynamics of law enforcement from previous years in the U.S. After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, President Lyndon B. Johnson became the new focal point for the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War. The world was changing as well as the good guys versus the bad guys and freedom of speech became an epidemic. With freedom of speech came riots and protests fueled by a new movement that sparked President Johnson to construct the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice in 1967 and the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders in 1968 (Hoover, 2014). These implementations were designed to address the basic who, what, when, where, and how questions of crime and create a balance in equality. After changes were made of how law enforcement agencies reported their statistics, the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA). LEAA was created to federally

Technology was introduced by telephones and the used telegraphs lines and call boxes. this is an era where police brutality was introduce to racial difference and economic failure which contribute to riots.

The three eras discussed in this week’s reading are the Political, Reform, and Community-based eras (The fourth era detailing policing in the 21st Century hasn’t been covered yet). The Political Era - 1840-1930 - was characterized by the appointment of police chiefs by local politicians and so were beholden to those that appointed them, often times adjusting the justice they exercised to the benefit of their patron, or rather the politician or party that appointed them. Due to this essentially powerless policing, chiefs tended to be no more than political strong-arms with very little authority over the officers under them. This lack of oversight and control tended towards corrupt or incompetent officers. Because there was virtually no hierarchy or accountability, most officers lacked adequate training which caused poor decisions and unlawful arrests and searches.

Crime Investigation is an important aspect of the law enforcement in any country. It is considered as the most vital aspect of legal system as both the law and order as well as justice system is dependent over the quality of crime investigation in the country. Not only that. There are several aspects related directly or indirectly with the phenomenon of crime investigation. An example of that may include the fact that a strong criminal investigation system helps prevail a sense of justice in the country which in turn reduce the rate of crime owing to fear of getting caught.

While the first campus police officers were actually two off-duty City of New Haven (Connecticut) officers hired to patrol the campus in 1894, research shows the evolution of campus police agencies occurred over three specific eras, each of which had unique features (Sloan, 1992). For example, during the “watchmen era” of the 18th and 19th centuries, a variety of college or university personnel, from university presidents to custodians, performed security functions on campus that ranged from preventing fires, to ensuring property was protected, to enforcing disciplinary codes in the dorms.

On Friday, December 2, 2016, I, Officer McDaniel #147, of Mansfield ISD Police Department, located at 1522 N Walnut Creek Dr, Mansfield, TX, was on a campus check at Della Icenhower Intermediate, located at 8100 Webb Ferrell Rd, Arlington, TX. While on a Campus Check, I made contact with Assistant Principal Brooks, Amber, B/F, DOB 8/26/1985.

Now, having officially hit our half way mark in forensics, I have come to the realization that we were able to accomplish a lot this year, but I personally wish that I could have managed my time better this semester. We were able to work in pairs and research the history regarding the origin of forensics and how it has evolved to be the field that it is today. We were also able to explore more in depth about certain parts of the field, like for instance one of the first labs that we did was the hair analysis. In this lab we were able to see that there are certain characteristics of a hair strand that can help differentiate the typed of species from which the hair strand comes from. Not only that, but from this lab we learned that DNA can be collected from a strand of hair if and only if the root is present. From here

Police Subculture. How: The development of the Police Subculture starts with the feeling of being set apart or different from regular living in the civilian life. Besides occupational solidarity, Police Officers feel codependent upon each other which contributes to the feeling of being separated from civilian life. Danger, along with having authority, which are the two primary factors that make up the working personality of a Police Officer. Both of these elements in combination gives the Police Officer the understanding that their lives are drastically different from civilians.

This is a reflective paper drawn upon knowledge acquired from various criminal justice courses that I have taken, as well as from the syllabus of materials utilized in this course (i.e., CJ 435 Organization and Management). This essay is intended to be my reflection on the theory of justice, considering the historical development, evolution, and structure of contemporary criminal and juvenile justice systems. Also, this paper addresses the theoretical and ethical foundations of justice, legal theory, and the role of the U.S Constitution. It consists of five sections, which are as follows: Criminological Theory, Policing, Ethics, Juvenile Justice, and Constitutional History. In each section, I will address two topics.

The court system is a significant role in maintaining proper justification for crimes. As with any large organization there is a hierarchical structure, the court system is no different. One main difference is the federal, state and local court systems have a different hierarchy. In this paper one will get a better understanding of the hierarchical structure of the different court systems.

There are thousands and thousands of law enforcement agencies in the United States and most of these agencies are local, small to medium sized agencies. These agencies are tasked to do the dirty work outside of the larger cities and can be relied on heavily by people for the public safety being sought out. Every agency is different about how they go about handling these allegations regarding police conduct, corruption and the complaints from citizens. Unfortunately, there is no consistency between all the agencies which is sad. The agency I am writing this paper on is Inglis Police Department, a police department that was small agency and are no longer in existence as of 2012. The department is no longer in existence because the city needed funds for other matters and decided to grant Levy County the option to patrol the area. Throughout this paper I will be outlining the process of how complaints are processed and investigated when they are sent into the department, also touching on the police conduct and corruption that can take place within the department and what can be improved moving forward to better serve the citizens of the area.

The war on police began around the same time President Obama took office. This war has been supported by media and community leaders. President Obama stated many times that there was no war on police. Until shortly before he left office, he admitted there was a war on police but stated "I did not start the war on police."

On March 8, 2015 the police received a call about a possible burglary in progress. When the Oklahoma City Police Officer arrived on site he saw a vehicle parked near the house’s back door. When the officer talked to two men who were in the back neither of the men could provide information of who had given them permission to remove items from the house. The officer noticed the items where filling their vehicle. The home was vacant due to the owner’s death in 2013, the two men where arrested and charged with burglary.