Policy Evaluation : A Small African Country Area At The Forefront Of The Suez Canal

Chad has gone through decades of corruption and poverty due to lack of transparency with oil revenues from the government.

The construction of the Suez and Panama Canals greatly affected overseas trade and commerce. The Suez Canal, which connected the Mediterranean and Red Seas though the Isthmus of Suez, had a large impact on the world economy by greatly reducing the amount of travel time required to send goods to different regions, The Panama Canal, which was built through the Isthmus of Panama, also had a similar effect on commerce by connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. There were different motivations for the building of the Panama and Suez Canals, and their construction was hindered by challenging obstacles. The French used the idea that Egypt would flourish with the building of the Suez Canal to motivate the Egyptians to give permission for its construction.

There are two religions in Djibouti; Islam, and Christianity. 94% of Djiboutians are Muslim. And 6% are christian. If you are Islamic, then on fridays the men go to mosques and pray. Women stay at home and pray, then make the midday meal. Schooling is required for 9 years, but attendance is not enforced. There are primary schools, and secondary schools. Primary schools start at age 6 and lasts about 5 years. Secondary schools start at age 12 and last around 6 years. Good secondary schools only accept children with high grades. Schooling is free, but poor families still can't let there children in school because school supplies cost lots of money. Making a little less than 60% of children in Djibouti attend primary school. In secondary school, it's less. Healthcare around Djibouti has health clinics, a French military hospital, and government hospital. Malaria and Typhoid are common around the nation. Maternal mortality and infant mortality are very low, making it one of the lowest in the world. Djibouti is affected by its social/ religious behavior by its kids not being able to go to school, poverty, its religion and the maternity and infant mortality

Addressing the most important factor – lack of literacy – it can be noted that the education expenditures in Sierra Leone is 2.9% of GDP (2012)1. An increase in investment in the education system, and enforcement is the most effective way to increase literacy rates. In an interview with the International Monetary Fund, the question is posed: “Oil wealth is not always a blessing. In actual fact, countries like Nigeria have struggled in managing the resource effectively. How can the CEMAC countries avoid the pitfalls that other countries have fallen into? ” The simple answer given by Sharmini Coorey, Director of the IMF's Institute for Capacity Development replies; “Another important thing is investing in people. In the book, we focus on how to achieve inclusive growth and one of the most obvious and relatively easy ways of making inclusive growth is to spend your oil money on better health and education.17” In investing in the people, a country is investing in their future. Censorship isn’t generally accepted in Sierra Leone and so with the creation of privately owned newspaper, radio, and television companies, it allows the private owners to give people the unbiased, truthful and accurate news16. In the research done, my conclusion is that Sierra Leone has a good basis for media, however it is the literacy and monetary issues which hold

Heavily influenced by foreign affairs, even as Canada grew more distinguished in their own independence, international conflicts continued to be a leading factor in shaping Canada’s identity as a country. Canada’s various stances when it comes to the Suez Canal, and First and Second Iraq wars, are excellent examples of the progress Canada has made within their foreign policy, as they’ve developed as a country over time. Advancing further away from blindly following connected powers like Britain and the United States, Canada finds its ways to show its uniqueness in the face of these conflicts.

Djibouti has a vast desert wasteland. Close to the narrow coastal plain, the land rises closer to the north with a small series of mountains. Central and south Djibouti is covered by a stony desert and scattered plateaus made out volcanic lava, crisscrossed by deep, timeworn troughs, some also have shallow salt water lakes.

The proportion of children who are enrolled in primary schools has increased from 49% to 77% in the past decade in sub-Saharan Africa. This increase in enrollment is due mostly to the initiative of the governments from these regions to improve universal primary education. However, much remains to be done because even though enrollment has been made a possibility in a lot of these countries, there are a lot of other variables at play that still prevent children from receiving a quality education. Things such as poverty, cultural traditions, gender violence, and the incidence of early marriage are a major reason for disadvantaged groups, particularly poor girls, not making as much progress in enrolling

Education comes with social benefits as well which can improve the situation of the poor, such as lower fertility and improved health care of children ("Poverty and Education"). "Poor people are often unable to obtain access to an adequate education, and without an adequate education people are often constrained to a life of poverty." - Servaas Van Der Berg. The absolutely poor in developing countries have low education levels. Some may not even have access to primary education or may not have completed their primary education, not realizing that it is important to reduce poverty. Education is often poorly measured, and the impacts do not always show up as statistically significant in cross- country growth regressions (Levine & Renelt, 1992). Africa’s education crisis makes media headlines and analysis by the Brookings Center for Universal Education (CUE) explains why this needs to change. Progress towards universal primary education has come to a halt and learning levels of children who are in school are poor as well. Using a Learning Barometer, CUE estimates that 61 million African children will reach adolescence lacking even the most basic literacy and numeracy skills, this will deprive a whole generation of opportunities to develop and escape poverty ("Poverty, Education, & Opportunity").

There are several countries which are located within the Combined Joint Task Force- Horn of Africa AOR. This paper will discuss the cultural influence of the Republic of Djibouti as well as its influence on bordering countries within its region. Additionally, this paper will portray Djibouti’s global significance and its effect on United States interest within the AOR. Historically, Djibouti’s strategic location and status as a free trade zone within the Horn of Africa has played a major role in this country’s importance throughout the globe. Hence, Djibouti maintains relationships with numerous countries and to date openly welcomes negotiations with other countries that can contribute to the country’s economic development. Continued

Education remains to be the priority of all nations around the globe. Most countries devote vast resources to guarantee equal education opportunities to all their students. Most education systems are developed to meet the economic and social demands of the country, both locally and globally. As the world’s 8th highest education spender, Saudi Arabia initiates an overhaul on the education system. It is the largest country in the Middle East. The Saudi Arabian education has gone through an astounding transformation. Initially, education was only available to few people who were children of the wealthy families. However, the transformation of the Saudi Education is now offering education to all children regardless of their social status.

As a result of poverty and marginalization, more than 72 million children around the world remain unschooled. Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected area with over 32 million children of primary school age remaining uneducated. Central and Eastern Asia, as well as the Pacific, are also severely affected by this problem with more than 27 million uneducated children. In addition, these regions must also resolve continuing problems of educational poverty (a child in education for less than 4 years) and extreme educational poverty (a child in education for less than 2 years) (Omwami & Keller, 2010).

The Chad Cameroon Petroleum Development and Pipeline Project is one of the largest investments in the private sector in Africa that costs approximately US$3.7 billion. The project is being funded by the World Bank and the International Financial Corporation. The involvement of these two major financial institutions is a demonstration of the rationale that the project will generate revenue that will enable the Chad and Cameroonian governments to invest more in programs that focus on reducing poverty like rural employment, education, and health. The involvement of the International Financial Corporation will be geared towards accomplishing three major roles. These are long-term financing, stabilizing role, and uplifting the quality and standard of mitigation plans and environmental assessments.

Some of the world’s poorest countries, with some of the highest child labor and illiteracy rates lie in Sub Saharan Africa. People generally associate the region only with poor economic conditions and all of the social disorder that goes along with 3rd World Status. While some of this reputation is deserved, many people are also failing to see the vast potential for this part of the world. There are several factors that African governments should look into if they want to effectively and efficiently revamp this areas quality of life. One way to do so is by improving the more crucial aspects to healthy functioning region, for example, allowing children to possess their natural rights to a decent education. This could influence an increase

Second largest country in Africa, tenth largest country in the world, diverse culture extending from the Mediterranean coast to the dunes of the Sahara Desert...Algeria. Even with its massive size the current status of Algeria’s economy is quivering in the lofty winds of the Tell Atlas Mountains. The economy tends to remain dominated by the state, which is accordingly a legacy of the country’s socialist post-independence development model. Hydrocarbons are the backbone for Algeria, accounting for 60% of budget revenues, 30% GDP, and 95% of export earnings. Reviewing the last five years we see the government halting privatization of state-owned industries, and increasing the restrictions of imports and foreign involvement. Algeria’s

The UAE is one of the riches nations in the world as measure by per capita GNP. The economy is primarily based on the oil