Poliomyelitis Essay

Polio an American story is a scholarly readable and informative book which covers the lives of many American eminent scientists who struggled a lot to eradicate polio. This book mainly focuses on the mid twentieth century where the people are very eager to find a vaccine to eradicate polio .This book also covers the entire topics from appearance of polio symptoms to post polio syndrome which shows the valuable thesis done by David M. Oshinsky.

Nobody has ever discovered completely how it is that polio is spread. The best evidence suggests that the virus is excreted in the stool and passed through hand to hand or hand to mouth contact by people who do not wash their hands properly or often enough. It was during the first few years of the fifties and many years before then, that health department officials

Poliomyelitis (polio) is a disease that attacks the nervous tissue in the spinal cord and the brain stem resulting in paralysis (Document One). Polio is caused by the poliovirus, but it is unknown how this virus is acquired. The virus enters the digestive tract and stays in the intestines for up to eight weeks, and then attacks the lymphatic system, the blood stream and eventually travels to the brain and spine (Document Four). Once it is infected in one’s body, the disease is highly contagious and can be spread through contact of saliva, food, germs, or feces (Document Two). “The poliovirus causes most of its infections in the summer and fall. At one time, summer epidemics of polio were common and greatly feared” (Document Four). This may

When the Polio outbreak was thriving in 1953, Jonas Salk wasn’t just lying around. He was tiredly working on the improvement of the Polio vaccine (Fact Check). The previous vaccine was unreliable and unaffective. It led some patients to be infected with Polio and die

Roosevelt became president with infantile paralysis (polio), which was diagnosed in 1921, and the public found out.9 Having the American people's president seem weakened by such a disease but push on through expectations showed that little to nothing was going to get in his way and stop him.10 Including FDR's case, close to 25% of those age 21 and older had paralytic cases by the early 1950s.11 Before the vaccine, there was a peak of about 50,000 cases of polio in 1953.12 Concern of the people was also around it's highest point due to the increasing risk of the horrid disease most feared at this time. Hopes for a solution were still going strong. Friends, family, and even strangers kept prayers for those in need. Anything that could be done was done until the vaccine was established. There were even several hundred thousand children placed in a control study and out of the 749,000, only 33 from the vaccinated group developed paralytic polio.13 In addition to this trial and other performed, and conclusion was drawn stating that the vaccine was 80-90% effective against the paralytic branch of polio.14 Chances for a new beginning were showing up all over with this vaccine, even if it only helped those who haven't been diagnosed

The disease poliomyelitis is more commonly known by its alternative name “polio.” The history of this disease dates back into prehistory, but major polio epidemics were not known before the twentieth century. The first clinical description of this disease was provided by a British physician named Michael Underwood, in which he described the disease as debility of the lower extremities. In the 1880s major epidemics started to occur in Europe, then made its way soon after into the United States. The first report of multiple cases was recorded in 1843 and described an outbreak that happened in Louisiana in 1841. The next large outbreak was in Boston in 1893 where there were 26 cases of poliomyelitis. The following year was the first recognized epidemic in the United States which occurred in Vermont with 132 total cases, including 18 deaths. By 1907 there were approximately 2,500 cases of polio reported in New York City alone. By 1910, epidemics of polio were regular events throughout the developed world, mostly in cities during the warmer months. In 1916 there were over 27,000 cases including more than 6,000 deaths due to polio in the United States, with more than 2,000 deaths occurring in New York City alone. Poliomyelitis hit its peak in the 1940s and 1950s; it paralyzed or killed more than half a million people per year.

Polio is a viral infectious disease that affects many systems of the body and can result with the patient being paralyzed. Majority of the cases had no symptoms and it ran rampant in the U.S during 1952. It mostly affected children, and was a public epidemic, with nearly 58,000 cases being confirmed in a year. Most scientific research about the disease led to dead ends and the clinical trials of earlier polio vaccine left children dead and some of them

Rarely, a person will get nonparalytic or paralytic polio. Symptoms of these forms of polio include:

In three months more than 3,500 people were exposed to the virus in the Brooklyn area. 58 were infected, including two pregnant women. All were confirmed as unvaccinated at the time of infection. The department of Health tried to stop the spread. 90% of people who are exposed to the virus and don’t have immunity get the disease. Another virus is the POLIO. Polio may cause paralysis and is easily preventable by the polio vaccine. In the 1950s tens of thousands of American children were paralyzed by polio, and thousands of them died. It was one of the most feared diseases of the 20th century. In 1955 came an announcement that change history. Thanks to the injectable Salk vaccine and later the oral Sabin vaccine, polio rates plummeted by 99%. The disease largely vanished from the U.S. But the oral vaccine carried a risk. There was a small chance that the weakened virus within it could mutate and actually cause polio, a risk of around one in 2.4 million doses. By 1994, the only cases of polio in the U.S were those caused by the oral vaccine itself. In the year 2000, across the U.S, the oral vaccine was replaced by a safer, injectable version. Sometimes vaccines are blamed for causing harm when there’s no scientific

From the late Egyptian era to the early 1900’s, humans were perplexed about why people were suddenly getting paralyzed without warning. It wasn’t until research skills and technology accessibility improved that scientists were able to grasp the idea that it was all caused by the Poliomyelitis virus. Polio began ravaging through the world in the twentieth century, crippling children, and, even after the discovery of numerous vaccines, is still relentless enough that it infects children today.

Epidemics have initial devastating consequences; however, what about the patients that survive? According to Robin Howard in Poliomyelitis and the Postpolio Syndrome (2005), the World Health Organization (WHO) discussed a significant drop in polio cases between 1988 and 2003 due to increased immunizations. WHO identified that although there was a drop from 350,000 to 900 cases worldwide, polio is still considered an epidemic in six third world countries. While its important to understand polio and its initial symptoms its equally important to understand that polio survivors may develop significant symptoms decades later; this classified as PPS. Suffers are more likely to have surgical procedures related to their age as a result of deterioration.

Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious disease caused by wild poliovirus. Among the 721 polio cases was detected during January 2006 - May 2016. This disease invades nervous system, can lead to paralysis within a few hours or even death. The poliovirus enters the human body through oral water or food contaminated by decal mayor of the infected person. Virus in the intestine in the proliferation of the excreted by the feces of infected persons, and can be passed to others. The initial symptoms of polio are fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiff neck and limb pain. This disease mainly affects children under 5 years old. There is one case of irreversible paralysis (usually legs) in 200 cases of polio infection. In paralysis, 5-10% of

Approximately 4%–8% of polio infections consist of a minor, nonspecific illness without clinical or laboratory evidence of central nervous system invasion. This clinical presentation is known as abortive poliomyelitis,

Polio or Poliomyelitis is a viral disease which affects children. Polio is transmitted by person to person. Can be spread in many ways such as contaminated water or food, or faecal oral route. Some of the symptoms of Polio are fever, headache, vomiting, fatigue and pain the the imbs. Polio can affect the nervous systems and cause paralysis. According to the 1917 Polio Outbreak on Montpelier, Vermont, “Poliomyelitis or infantile paralysis as it then known occurred primarily in Montpelier, Vermont.” (Renee, 163) Polio start to appear in the United States in the 1893. In 1917 Vermont reported 171 cases of poliomyelitis. This disease is well know becuase affect a lot of children in the 1890s to 1950s. During these year were reported 16,000 paralytic cases every year. Poliomyelitis patients were identific as the name Polios. At the beginning people believes that Polio only affected child.

The Poliovirus, one of America’s most deadly epidemics in the US history. This deadly virus had wiped out millions of children from 1920-1950. Most of the Polio epidemics had happen during the summer. The first cause of Polio in the United States happen in Brooklyn, New York in 1916 when according to Heaven Emerson the public health commissioner said “90 italian immigrants under the age of 10 had moved to Brooklyn where the outbreak appeared, and that immigrants were the first to get it because they were dirtier and poorer.” From that summer in 1916, Polio had scared the entire population in New York. Parents were taking extreme measures to ensure their kid would not get Polio. Polio affected children the most. Children were put in quarantine,