Political regimes between China and India

As PBS (2007) reports, a new legal revolution is underway in China which promises a new form of interest articulation and perhaps aggregation: "Today's way forward is to build the idea of individual rights of the citizens…and that means changing the habits of the last few thousand years," The People's Court documentary states. What it essentially shows is a kind of democratic transformation in Communistic China. Indeed as nations become increasingly capitalistic (even in supposedly socialistic societies), the trend towards political democracy increases. India and China are both examples of such a trend. This paper will analyze the political systems of the two nations, including their political environments, structures, and functions; their political cultures, including their process and policy levels with an illustration of how political socialization occurs and the agents of that socialization; how interest articulation and aggregation occur; how public policy is crafted; why it seems the direction both nations are headed for is one that is more democratic; and what the future holds in store in terms of political culture, public policy and interest aggregation for both India and China.

International trade barriers are restrictions put in place by the government to prevent the inflow of international goods and services to the country. These restrictions are placed by the government officials with the intent of protecting their economy from the international competition; they include tariff and nontariff barriers. Some of the argument for trade restrictions includes the following; It serves as a national defense from competitions to foreign companies, it serves as a means to protect infant industry from imports until they have enough capital to invest, it serves as a means to protect domestic jobs from cheap foreign labor, It also serves as a means to permit diversification of the domestic economy and a way to improve balance of trade (Ball, Geringer, Mcnett &Minor, 2012). Barriers to trade exist in developed and underdeveloped countries; some of these countries include China, United States, Japan, Russia, India, Latin America, European and African countries. Upon examining the barriers to trade which exists in different continents of the world, specifically comparing the barriers in developed countries to underdeveloped countries, there tends to be some similarities as well as differences. A closer look at countries such as China and Nigeria denotes a clear picture of what would be considered a developed and underdeveloped country. By reviewing the barriers that exists in both countries, similarities and

With any major investment, it is important to consider the monetary and non-monetary aspects including gaining an understanding of the culture, the ideal management approach, past and future trends, along with political roadblocks.

From an academic standpoint, economists overall believe that free trade would benefit the economy more than instituting tariffs and non-tariff trade barriers. However, the reality is quite different. Politically, tariffs help to strike a balance between social welfare and the politicians’ goals. One theory is that campaign contributions are needed for re-election; and to achieve these funds, politicians will weigh this need against welfare-reducing protection for industry lobbyists (Magee, 2011). The models would suggest that the tariffs should actually be much higher than they are due to the low efficiency cost of tariffs compared to the substantial gains provided for the producers (Magee, 2011). However, developed countries actually have very low tariffs. There are six possible explanations for why developed countries have such low tariffs when the political theories behind why we have tariffs at all would suggest they should be higher.

In Classical India and Classical China, the development of institutions and traditions were very different yet very similar in many ways. For instance, India and China both put women below men and considered merchants as a middle class. However, they differed in areas such as centralized government. Outside of the Mauryas and the Guptas, India was run by the religion-based caste system while China had a very centralized government, except for the Warring States period and the Three Kingdoms period. If you look closely, Classical China and Classical India are like opposites drawn in the same colours. They both socially stratified their people in ways dictated by their beliefs but while India made it impossible to move any way but down, China allowed movement in any direction through the pyramid of society if you could earn it. Furthermore, while China worshipped their ancestors and looked to learn from the past, India believed in reincarnation and looked to the future.

Briefly compare the political regime type in China and India. Which of the two would you prefer to do business in and why?

Reduce internal tariffs – roadblock to trade  state-run manufacturing  mercantilism: govt encourage internal economy to enhance tax $ & limit imports unless they didn’t have much bc of enemies; encourage merchants & colonies to give raw materials & ensured selling homely goods

Why has the influence of China and India continued to be two of the economic giants that have for centuries dominated parts of the world? A look into these economic giants can give the historic correlations between these two giants that lead to the dominant influence throughout the world. However, with Polo’s’ explorations, accounts of travel and detailed writings prompted the trade of these two cultures. Furthermore, travel became easier due to the Marco Polo account of travel routes which travelers were able to navigate by land and sea without difficulty. This also helped to develop topography and map productions along with other technologies which were also known as the Silk Road.

All along the silk road, everything from ideas to religions were sought after and traded. The early religion of Buddhism was no different and eventually lead to the cultural realizations between China and India. As both countries expanded, the Gupta Empire and the Han dynasty were destined to meet at one point or another. The Gupta Empire, patrons of the art, produced powerful poets with skills compared to the later Shakespeare. The empire was known for its impressive mathematical skills and invention of the infamous Arabic numerals, developing the first place-values system. China’s imperial government was dependent on the idea of astronomy and important for the survival of the state. Thus astronomy was related to the idea of the Mandate of

Consumer gets the imported products at cheaper rates than that of domestic market. The disadvantages of the anti-dumping are such that the domestic industries who are producing goods and selling in their country could not make it to profit maximization because the buyers of the country are purchasing the dumped goods which are available at cheaper rates and the demand of goods in the domestic market is very low, this leads to the closure of those domestic industries. Some experts opine that such disadvantages can be overcome by making it mandatory to apply “a public interest clause” to antidumping. The Indian legal system specifies a limit for the levy of anti-dumping duty and it should not exceed dumping margin. These duties are on the discretion on the country or the exporters. Small countries like Taiwan do not have separate anti-dumping laws but these countries take some anti-dumping measures like in Taiwan Article 46 of Custom Law, 1967 empowers Custom Tariff Commission (CTC) and International Trade Commission (ITC) to handle anti-dumping

The countries with the two largest populations in the world are India and China. This leads us to wonder how they became so populated and how they became countries. With these two countries we can analyze two major dynasties of their early civilization the Mauryan Empire from India and the Qin (Ch’in) Dynasty. The start of India’s long civilization dates back to the third and fourth millennia, when the Harappan society was thriving. This society was a large diverse society that covered a vast area of 600,000 sq. miles. Then around 1500 BCE the Harappan civilization collapsed in which is still a mystery today. After the fall of the Harappan civilization, a nomadic group came in none as the Aryans. They settled in India around 1500 BCE. Then by 330 BCE the Greeks had conquered the land. The Greeks had a short reign in India before the Mauryan Empire. The Mauryan Empire arose to power around 324 BCE. In China there were two Dynasties before the Qin Dynasty, Shang and Zhou. The Shang Dynasty dates back the sixteenth century BCE. The Shang Dynasty lasted until the eleventh century BCE when it was over thrown by the Zhou Dynasty. Zhou was the longest lasting dynasty in China history in which it lasted for 800 years. The Zhou dynasty fell because of the power of the king became insignificant and several of their principalities broke off to form powerful states. The fall of the Zhou Dynasty gave rise to the Qin dynasty in China around 221 BCE. The Mauryan Empire and

The Doing Business database ranks China a modest 91st on the overall ease of doing business, with India worse but not dramatically so at 116th… in China it’s quicker to start a business, get goods from factory floor on board a container ship, and register property. But Indians - perhaps surprisingly - seem to have more flexible labour laws and fewer hassles with licences.

According to a poll conducted by Bank of America Merrill Lynch, India was considered to be the most preferred equity market for the global investors for the year 2015 at 43 per cent, followed by China at 26 per cent. According to them, India

Protection of local industry: import tariffs have the outcome of raising the value of imported products comparative to similar goods produced in the local market. This places foreign producers at a competitive disadvantage when selling in the resident

India since its autonomy in 1947 has taken after an arrangement of peace and non-arrangement. India has constantly brought its voice up for truth and Justice. It was after India got its Independence in 1947 that the Nation has ready to frame its own remote arrangement. India association with the Soviet Union began off extremely well because of Pandit Nehru's drive. India's relations with the Soviet Union in those initial five year after autonomy were conflicted, guided by Nehru's choice, to remain neutral and take dynamic part in the Commonwealth of Nations. However in February 1954, when the US organization reported the choice to give arms and supply refined military equipment and monetary guide to Pakistan, this advancement frightened