Pelican Brief Research Essay
“During the early 1900’s the discovery of oil and natural gas in areas around Baton Rouge attracted chemical companies to the city” (Reilly). Since the beginning of the 1900’s Louisiana has been a large refining state, one may say one of the best, but also one of the most damaging. It can be safely said that since the start of refining in Louisiana well over a billion pounds of pollution has been released. In 2011 alone over a million pounds of chemicals were released into the air and a separate 1.3 million had been released into the water. All of Louisiana’s 17 refineries reported accidents contributing to these chemical spills (Sturgis). The numbers that have been presented so far may not seem out of the ordinary
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In Shreveport, LA, many residents suffer from respiratory issues that they believe are caused by the local refinery, Calumet (Moskowitz). Residents have suffered for generations losing family members to cancer that they believe is brought on by pollution that the refinery emits. Some residents suffer lesser but chronic health issues ranging from minor respiratory issues like asthma to blood clots in their lungs. “Calumet denies that its refinery is the cause of any of these health issues” (Moskowitz). Many chemicals that are released by refineries can cause respiratory problems, cancer, nerve damage, and in some cases even death. There is no absolute way to be sure that all health problems happening near Calumet are caused by the pollution that it emits, but it could be a contributing factor in worsening symptoms. A resident of Marrero, LA, a town south of Norco refining, stated that they could not leave their house due to excess levels of pollution triggering asthma attacks (Ludwig). Sulfur dioxide is a known chemical that can trigger asthma attacks, it is also one of the many harmful chemicals that can be released by refineries (Sturgis). Refineries will measure levels of emissions when there is a chemical spill, so they know almost exactly how much pollution they have emitted. Minor incidents are not always reported or are under reported, but they can have the same damaging effects on the environment and the overall health of the community (Sturgis). “LABB’s reports confirms what workers and residents have known for years-petrochemical companies to often skirt the laws for reporting serious incidents”
Pollution and trash build up in Los Angeles has been accumulating and worsening for many years. The homeless population in Los Angeles also has been at an all time high. In areas like Van Nuys, Reseda, Downtown, and many more, there needs to be more trash cans near homeless encampments and along with those, cameras, which will document and hopefully successfully pinpoint potential littering suspects. The trash is not only harmful and damaging to our community but also Earth as a whole. By setting up more trash cans of which the city would be in charge of, it would hopefully encourage those who do frequently litter to throw away their waste properly. Besides putting up cameras and implementing more trash cans we can also set up a plan to benefit both our homeless citizens and the environment of our cities. The homeless give service to their city by keeping it clean and in return they gain food and shelter.
To buy or not to buy, that is the question. Although it was the greatest “real estate” deal, the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 was perhaps one of the most controversial events in American History. President Thomas Jefferson, although he was a Founding Father and the primary writer of the Declaration of Independence, faced major opposition with his decision to purchase the Louisiana Territory from the French. Most of the opposition he faced, however, was domestic.
Fumes in heavily oiled area can also affect the community and there is widespread concern that some workers are not being given sufficient safety equipment, including respirators — and volunteers, who may not have as much training or experience as hired workers, could be in the greatest danger. So far, more than 400 oil-exposure
When crude oil is refined there is an abundance of gas that is released into the surrounding air. Some of the components that are emitted include, but are not limited to sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane (U. Rehman, personal communication, October 1, 2016). This has a tremendous impact on the air quality near a refinery. The poor air quality that is caused by pollutants is harmful to humans and other living
The University of Texas Health Science Center has found that the amount of PM2.5 in the air in Houston, Texas can be linked with a small increase in mortality rate. Houston is largely industrialized which accounts for the emission of pollutants that negatively affect the people and environment. Home to America’s largest petrochemical industry, as well as many ports and forms of transportation, it’s little surprise that the concentration of PM2.5 in the city can be greater than some other cities. Scientists recorded the levels of PM2.5 in Houston over 11 years and found that though the PM2.5 particles’ mass was greater than the national standard on only 17 days out of the 11 years, on those single days, the mortality risk increased by 1.43%.
The next piece of evidence showing environmental determinants to health is the air samples taken from the African American community’s residents. Moreover, the air samples taken from the Norco residents living close to the refinery show higher levels of toluidine and benzene, known cancer and disease causing chemicals, than averages from the rest
many different ports for trading. This also helped the United States Navy, with all these
The city of Pekin has a history of very dangerous and unhealthy levels of air pollution caused by power plants and ethanol manufactures. “The Pekin area has the highest level of sulfur dioxide air pollution in the state, according to the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA), a level that now exceeds tightened federal standards” (Pekin has worst sulfur dioxide air pollution in state, 2011). This environmental issue has had great health effects on the Pekin community because of the mass quantity of sulfur dioxide pollutants in the air. “Exposure to sulfur dioxide, which is released when fossil fuels like coal and oil are burned, causes respiratory problems for children, the elderly and those with asthma or other respiratory illnesses, according to the IEPA. It narrows airways, leading to difficulty breathing” (Pekin has worst sulfur dioxide air pollution in state, 2011). The health problems that sulfur dioxide cause is detrimental to the health of the citizens in the city of
Before Thomas Jefferson ever entered the presidency, he believed in the “Empire of Liberty.” He wrote in a letter to a friend that “Our confederacy must be viewed as the nest from which all America, North or South, is to be peopled.” His motives for the intense eye on American expansion were greatness for his country, as well as for himself. He was disgusted with the idea of North America being divided into nation-states like Europe. His goal was for the ideals of the American Revolution to spread over the whole continent. He passed and helped pass some of the legislation that helped early America expand. He co-authored the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which allowed for states to be made from the territory east of the Mississippi and
Environment, a term used to describe the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. Major environmental problems plaguing Louisiana include flooding, but also pollution and wetland loss. Presently, Louisiana and the city of Baton Rouge are dealing with dangerous flood levels. According to (Yan et al., 2016), a Red Cross member stated that “the catastrophic flooding in Louisiana is the worst natural disaster to strike the United States since Hurricane Sandy two years ago (para. 1). Louisiana anticipates it will cost $30 million in relief funds to repair flood damages (Yan et al., 2016).
The main purpose of chapter thirteen was to focus on the environmental problems that play a key role on all living things across the globe on a daily basis. In reading 53 it brings up the past by analyzing Hurricane Katrina and the effects it had on the citizens of New Orleans. The reading also brought up things that most usually look past, it brought to light the racism and social structure of New Orleans and the role it played on such a tragic event.
As an individual who is passionate about medicine, my position as the Mayor of Hamilton will prioritize the health of the citizens in my precinct. Due to the fact that the well-being of others is an essential component of my ethical conscience, I would strive to enact a policy which protects and preserves the populace. The presence of a booming industrial sector within the city will motivate me to place a strong emphasis on the atmospheric contaminants that are currently being spewed from these facilities. The quality of the air citizens breathe has a direct correlation to their respiratory health, and consequently, without strict regulations designed to control industrial emissions, the population will continue to incur a series of detrimental
Water Pollution has been an increasing problem over the last few years. Pollution comes from many different things; agricultural, urban runoff, industrial, sedimentary, animal wastes, and leeching from landfills/septic systems just to name a few (Resources). The reason why pollution has increased over the years is because the rise in population and the advancements in technology the society has made. If society plans on having their resources here for many years to come they are going to have to make some drastic changes in the way they treat the earth, and these changes will have to start with their pollutants (Foundation).
Starting in the year 2004, the air pollution has reached an alarming level in the city o Toronto. Dr Barbara Yaffe, the acting medical officer of health of Toronto Public health, has released a report in July 2004 saying that the “air pollution [in the city] has contributed to over 1700 premature deaths and 6000 hospitalization admission in Toronto each year” (Yaffe, 2004, p.i). According to this report, pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, and carbon monoxide have increased within the air of the city; these pollutants are tiny particles that are 2.5 micron in diameter or less and can affect people’s respiratory system and cause cardiovascular and respiratory problems such as “asthma, bronchitis in children, adult chronic bronchitis, and heart problem” (TPH, 2007, figure 1). Although it
Las Vegas, Nevada and the surrounding Clark County ranks in the 90-100th percentile for the dirtiest/worst counties in the U.S. in terms of pollution from Carbon Monoxide emissions, Nitrogen Oxide emissions, PM-2.5 emissions, PM-10 emissions, and Sulfur Dioxide emissions (Scorecard, 2011b). These same pollutants are known to cause cytotoxic and functional damages to human airways through oxidative stress and inflammation; which are linked to respiratory diseases in children (Ferrante, Antona, Malizia, Montalbano, & La Grutta, 2016). Currently, Clark County is home to 29,146 children with asthma and 130,553 adults with asthma; that’s 7.55% of the population of 2,114,801 (American Lung Association, 2017). There seems to be a correlation between the high levels of pollution in Clark County and the high numbers of people with asthma that is impacting the community’s quality of life in terms of health and the economy, and it is having an adverse effect on the environment as well.