Polonoroest Road Project Essay

In a country known for its elegant and flashy display of beautiful and wealth, there are groups of people, particular in the Amazon Rainforest, who still live detached from modernity and lifestyle of the contemporary world. Even though some of those groups live in voluntary isolation, they are united in their fight for land and environmental rights. One of these groups is the Kayapo, a group of around nine thousand indigenous people, who lives in the village of Gorotire along the Xingu River. Although the Kayapo have famously evolved from an isolated tribute to active voice against numerous developmental projects proposed by the Brazilian government, other groups such as rubber tappers in the Xapuri area have also made significant progress in securing political and cultural rights. While these communities and indigenous groups often share different cultures and customs, they are connected through a common struggle: defending their cultural and political identity amidst oppression and neglect from the Brazilian government.

Many of the impacting factors on the Amazon are still present to this day with the Loggers, Ranchers and Miners. Recent challenges Amazonia has found itself up against are Commercial Fishing, Damming, Bio-Piracy & Smuggling and Poaching. Fish is one of the main food sources and income for many Amazonian people therefore it is in high demand. Large commercial fishing industries bring in huge trawlers to scoop up schools of fish to sell at the world food market. Smuggling plants and animals out of the Amazon is one of many illegal things that happen in the rainforest, with foreigners selling and making huge profits without sharing with the country of origin. Annually, US$20billion is made in the illegal wildlife trade. Hydroelectric construction

Three Day Road is a book written by Joseph Boyden, Toronto, Penguin Canada 2005, 384 pages. Joseph’s maternal grandfather and his uncle both served in the First World War. The book is written about history of natives telling us about the hardships of the Frist World War. Joseph’s intent was to honor the Native soldiers who fought in the First World War because many of them did not even get noticed for their great bravery and skill. The War had its way on everyone changing people in the book Three Day Road you can see it between the friendship of Elijah and Xavier and how they both change throughout the story.

Why do you think McCarthy has chosen not to give his characters names? How do the generic labels of “the man” and “the boy” affect the way you /readers relate to them?

The Three Day Road by Joseph Boyden starts off in a town called Moose Factory in Canada shortly after WW1. “Auntie” is waiting for the arrival of her nephew, Xavier‘s, friend Elijah. However, she is shocked to find that it is her nephew who returns. She had received a letter that said her nephew had died in the field of battle and that Elijah was wounded, and only had one leg. When her nephew steps off the steps she thinks he is a ghost until he falls to the ground, because he to is shocked for he had heard that she was dead. Then they start their journey down the river to their home in the bush. On this journey they both reminisce of the

Aimed to be a key-project regarding the protection of environment and indigenous population, the Polonoroeste project was approved by the World Bank in 1980, including a 443.4 million in loans. The goal of the project was to pave 1500 kilometer of roads going from the most populated area of the Rondonia state to the almost abandoned areas inside the Amazon forest. The road would be built together with agricultural settlements and ecological reserves. The total area affected by the project was the size of Great Britain, and the project aligned with past Brazilian projects to colonize remote areas of Brazil like the Amazon forest. (Wade, 2011) The results of the project included a dramatically increase of deforestation and conflicts between settlers and indigenous people.

During my time surfing through the vast waves of the internet I had actually found one really interesting project that was funded by the World Bank. So apparently the World Bank had funded this project to pave a 900 mile road that opened the western Amazon to the rest of the people of Brazil, the road was known as BR-364. In the article I read we followed the life of one Antonio Carlos de Santos and a whopping 34 of his relatives who somehow fit all of them and their belongings on a truck headed for a chance at a better life. Now, back to the story at hand, things sound pretty dandy so far. The less fortunate people of Brazil would have a chance to go and make a living for themselves by using the land for farming, even the government along with some small private companies could use the enriched grounds to their advantage too.

In 1927 Ford sent a botanist named LaRou, to survey the land in Brazil and find a suitable location for rubber production. He was responsible as well for reporting the condition of the rubber tappers in the area, who were “fever stricken … [having] horrible wounds and sores on their legs and feet. They [were] always nearly naked, covered merely by rags”(p.88). Upon hearing of the poverty of the workers, it became more of a social project than an economic one. Besides establishing a profitable rubber plantation, his objective became to establish “model towns”. His mission was to civilize the people, while having them obey his rules.

After the success of “Rippling Water” we’ve decided to start working on another EP. We’ve entitled this project “Market Road” which we got from the term, commonly used in Texas, “Farm to Market Road”, meaning “a state road or country road that connects rural or agricultural towns to market towns.” These roads would quite often have signs labeling them as “Farm roads” or “Ranch Roads”. We felt as if the term suited the band well for the amount of “Farm to Market Roads” there are in Nova Scotia. So we’ve called this project “Market Road”. “Market road” is an EP concept focusing on the local surroundings of Halifax and places all over Nova Scotia. The EP will have 7 songs on. Our sound will remain the relax folk sound we have stayed with our entire journey. We chose to do an EP because in our opinion it much better to have 7 solid, good songs then 14 songs that are half good half okay.

Brazil's Polonoroeste development program was taken into the hands of the World Bank. Although smaller repairs and preservative methods to maintain the healthiness of the Rainforest would had sufficed, they decided to create a long-stripped highway through the middle of the Rainforest. But why stop there? They continued to distribute the land as they saw fit, causing mass immigration of the animals and native villagers, and caused the mass destruction of the Rainforest. The World Bank takes to the grave that their intentions were for the greater good of Brazil and it's people, yet they did more harm to their market and environment and it only got worse from there.

This policy memo addresses the development and expansion of the cattle ranching industry in Brazil, which has contributed to the mass deforestation of the Brazilian Amazon in the last 40 years. It exposes the regional and global consequences to deforestation and provides strategies for the Brazilian government to sustainably manage cattle ranching industries while protecting the future of the Amazon. The rainforest ecosystem is an immense reserve of natural recourses that is far more valuable than the beef produced on Brazilian cattle ranches. Not only does the rainforest create habitat for up to 65% of the world’s biodiversity, but when harvested sustainably, it provides humans with an abundance of spices, foods, oils, medicines

The Amazon rainforest was first being cleared for crop and logging production, but after realizing the economic success of cattle ranching, cattle pastures became the leading reason for deforestation. Different sized ranches, mainly large, made up about 70% of the deforestation that was going on in the Amazon. According to the research done by, Philip Fearnside, “all of the profits made from beef cattle have been the only income source that made the deforestation in the Amazon profitable.” Though cattle ranching have made a major impact on the Amazon, the biggest impact of deforestation was caused by the building of the Transamazon Highway in 1970. The goal of this enormous highway was to connect Brazil with its neighboring countries in South America. This highway connects different plantations in Brazil and its neighboring countries by constructing trucking routes that make transporting crops easier. (Fearnside

Did you know that Brazil is home to one-third of the world’s rainforests? The beautiful South American country, Brazil, whose size is 3.288 million square miles, is home to one of the largest rainforests of the world, the Amazon rainforest. Something that a lot of people don’t know is that the Brazilian rainforests are extremely important and they not only affect the people of Brazil, but everyone around the world. Since the Amazon rainforest is so large in size, it would only make sense if it affect the world more than other rainforests. Therefore, Brazilian rainforests affect our world greatly because of all of the things that we gain from it, the harmful effects of deforestation, and because of deforestation, we need to teach people to conserve the rainforests.

During the past 30 years, deforestation in the Amazon has been a huge problem. The Amazon Rainforest is home to an estimated one-third of all known animal species and makes up about half of the world’s rainforests. The reasons for the deforestation is to expand pastures for cattle production, and fields to grow soybeans. ("Brazil Geography-Introduction." N.p., n.d. Web. 4 May 2016.)

When it comes to deforestation, the paving of the Trans-Amazonian highway is a two-sided coin. While the increased accessibility could lead to more effective environmental protection, it may also permit more illegal logging. When the highway was first constructed, spells of deforestation lead to 25,000 square kilometers of forest clear cut per year (that’s the size of New Jersey, every year). 95% of this deforestation happened within 7 kilometers of a road (Frasier 2014). In Madre de Dios, before the road was paved, tall trees used to line the highway. Now, the forest is cut back half a kilometer on both sides. Tree damage in the Xingu region were 4 times higher than average in 2007 (Frasier 2014). Once road paving