Polygraph Essay

“It is difficult to prove a causal relationship between permissible investigative and interrogatory deception and testimonial deception.  Police freely admit to deceiving suspects and defendants.  They do not admit to perjury, much less to the rationalization of perjury.  There is evidence, however of the acceptability of perjury as a means to the end of conviction.  The evidence is limited and fragmentary and is certainly not dispositive” (Skolnick, 1982).

of the lie detector in criminal investigation. John Larson, a “college cop”, student of Vollmer, who built the first lie detector in the Berkeley department, later said that he felt the technique had

There are many instances in which the polygraph is proven to be at fault such as with Cleve Backster. He was a polygraph examiner and believed strongly in the polygraph and its results. Backster one day decided to attach a houseplant that was in his office to the machine. He then would light the plants leaf on fire to see if the polygraph would have a spike in action. To his surprise as he struck the match the polygraph jumped signifying a response (Eells). Instead of considering that the polygraph went off randomly Backster instead assumed the plant had feelings and could even read his mind. This discovery lead to many scientific research projects in which scientists were unable to replicate Backster’s results. Rather than dismiss the event and polygraph as unreliable Backster dedicated the rest of his life to proving his discovery. The polygraph has been drilled into the minds of people as credible that taking it out of the justice system

When questioning witnesses of a crime, detectives may choose a specific technique; one technique is the Reid Technique. The Reid Technique is a multi-step questioning method that pressures the witnesses or the accused to admit to the crime. It is used in North America. According to Professor Brent Snook, a psychologist at the Memorial University in Newfoundland, the Reid Technique is “Starsky and Hutch”, where two hot head detectives “beat up” their suspects to encourage them confess (http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/11/25/youre-guilty-now-confess-false-admissions-put-polices-favourite-interrogation-tactic-under-scrutiny/). This paper will examine the steps of the Reid Technique, as well as reveal substantial evidence that this technique should be banned. This technique has led to false confessions. Not only does this mean that someone has been punished that isn’t guilty, but it also means the real criminal has not been found and punished. The arguments against the use of this technique are the following:

Section 3. When there is conflict of testimony, each party will be subject to a polygraph test to establish a more likely chance of determining which party is telling the truth.

The lie detector was fabricated in the 1920s. It was a machine that could detect if someone was lying or not. This device could be resourceful back in the 1920s, because people used to lie and cheat to proves that they were wealthy. For example, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses characters in the novel The Great Gatsby that prove lying and cheating was quite common in the 1920s. Characters like Daisy, Tom, and Gatsby, help elaborate the setting/theme of the novel and therefore help readers to better understand the lifestyle of the 1920s. In the novel The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald he used characters to further analyze the values and goals in the 1920s.

Also, due to the Brain scans being “70 to 90 per cent” accurate, this producing a defence for a defendant to argue that the scan in inaccurate, causing the process of scans to be a waste of time. As previously seen In R v Béland the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that the results of a polygraph examination are not admissible as evidence. As the test had relied upon ones sweat and heart palpitations which delivered inaccurate results. This has also been seen to be the reason why polygraph examinations were excluded as evidence in the English Criminal justice system. Therefore

To lie means to make an untrue statement with the intent to deceive, according to the Webster’s dictionary. It also means to simply create a false or misleading statement on purpose. There are also many synonyms to the word “lie,” such as: prevaricate, equivocate, palter, and fib. The word lie happens to be the most blunt of this group. “Prevaricate” softens the bluntness of a lie by implying quibbling or confusing the issue. This form of lying is common in courtroomms and press conferences by lawyers and politicians. “Equivocate” implies using words having more than one sense in an attempt to say one thing but to mean another. This is an attempt to mislead one without feeling as if one has lied. “Palter”

Facts of the case: Imagine you are an HR manager and your boss and owner of the company, Bill, comes to you suspecting his assistant, Paige, is stealing money from the company. Bill would like a polygraph test conducted to see if Paige is stealing from the company. He would also like you to conduct electronic surveillance on Paige’s work e-mail for anything suspicious.

The history behind the polygraph machine has gone back to 1902. James McKenzie came up with the inadequate model of the machine. Later in 1921, John Larson a medical student from the University of California invented the modern machine. Larson made a more accurate machine than the first, this machine also recorded on a rotating drum of smoke paper. It recorded physiological responses; it was not as advanced as the 21st century polygraph machine. Through 1925 and 1938 the machine was furthered by Lenonarde Keller, instead of smoke paper he used ink pens to ensure that the results were accurate. In 1938 Keller added another component, which was the galvanic skin resistance, this measures the

The following information will discuss a case study that was done on the polygraph testing of Aldrich Ames during the investigation to find a spy within the Central Intelligence Agency. Also, I will discuss my own experience taking two counterintelligence polygraph exams while I was working as a Department

Maury is a lie! Now that my essay has hopefully caught your eye, I will ask you a few questions. Have you ever wondered if lie detectors are really accurate all the time? Have you ever thought about ways you could change the results? In this essay, I will be explaining how lie detector tests are not completely capable of depicting your truthful statements. These exams are not reliable because movement can change results, it is possible to cheat one, and the tests themselves are constantly being changed.

v. Frye, results of a polygraph test were being taken as evidence. The tests were challenged if whether or not the tests were viable evidence. The D.C. District Circuit Court ruled that if polygraph tests were to be accepted as evidence, the test had to meet three criteria: the test’s reliability must be recognized by the general scientific community, there must be a qualified person conducting the test, and correct procedures must be followed and proven so. These standards are known as the Frye Test and, for 70 years, remained as the judicial standard. Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, in 1975, judges were given more of a choice on whether or not to admit polygraph tests as evidence in court cases, leading to judges having discretion if a polygraph is viable evidence. Therefore, judges could admit a polygraph test if it did not pass the Frye Test, but they could also not admit a test that did pass the Frye Test. Then in 1993, decided by the case Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, a new set of standards were issued. With this, the judges were able to admit polygraph tests, and other scientific evidence, into courts if the theory behind the evidence could be tested, it had been reviewed and published, the error potential was known, and in general, the scientific community accepted the tests and the theory behind it. Since recently, specific and revised standards have been set to guarantee the reliability of polygraphs, judges

Credibility- Now, I would like to consider myself an expert lie detector, but apparently binge-watching 12 seasons of Criminal Minds in 3 months does not give me those qualifications. So to better inform and assist you, my lovely audience, I did some research, mostly utilizing online materials.

Polygraph tests are simply not reliable enough to determine a person 's punishment that can be life changing. There are quite a few things that make a polygraph test tick and not all of them are as reliable as they may seem. There are a few different factors that come into play when someone is taking a lie detector test. “William M. Marston invented the first lie detector in 1917,” (Hammiett, 2016 p.1). His attentions were great, and he thought that it would be accurate and efficient with no problems. “However, in 1923, the D.C. Court of Appeals stated that there was not enough scientific evidence to support Matson’s lie detector machine,” (Hammiett, 2016 p.1). If there wasn’t enough evidence, then what makes us think that there is now? It is the same as it has always been and if the D.C. Court of Appeals says that there isn’t enough scientific evidence to support it, then we shouldn 't use something that is