Popular Media Summarization Report

In an extensive article, by Richard Griffith he reinstates information from the WHO Organization that “It is estimated that 100–140 million girls and women worldwide are currently living with the consequences of female genital mutilation (FGM).” (World Health organization, 2008). It is a horrible practice in which young females between the ages of infant and fifteen years of age, undergo a surgery for the alteration, removal or partial removal of their genitalia for religious or cultural reasoning’s. If that isn’t terrifying enough, understand that this takes place against the will of the receiving party. This is reason by itself, along with many reasons to stands up against FGM, as it should be outlawed entirely. But, before we can establish the barrier between necessary and criminal in discussion with this topic, we must look at the research and history of this practice, and let the statistics speak for its self.

Female circumcision has been a cultural tradition practiced in different parts of the world for many years in order to secure virginity until marriage. In Africa female genital mutilation tradition is a part of the Muslim culture and parts of the Middle East, for the women to be desirable by her husband. (JPEG) Consequently, girls the ages of 4 through 14 are to endure the severe pains of female circumcision in order to not betray their culture and family beliefs. (Ali, 2016) In the US, the estimated number of females between 15 and 49, who are either at risk of genital mutilation or who have already undergone a procedure, has reached more than 500,000, triple the amount reported in the 1990 national census. (Female genital mutilation in the US tripled in 25 years, 2015) This controversial practice performed on females lead advocates to believe that this is a form of female genital mutilation that must come to an end. (Ali, 2016)

The term “mutilation” meaning “to cut up or alter radically so as to make imperfect” (Meriam Webster) suggests that the act is purposefully ruining the female intimate body parts in an attempt to make it unfunctional. Many human rights arguments are made against the process, which ignore the cultural background by viewing it from the outside. Western feminists outline the practice in a way which suggests uncivilized actions (Korieh, 2005).Medically, female circumcision poses many long term problems. In regards to infibulation, such as that performed in Somalia and Sudan, the clitoris and labia minora is removed and the labia majora being stitched closed. A reed is often needed to create an opening for mistral blood and urine to flow. Upon healing, the scar tissue complicates intercourse and childbirth. During childbirth, the scar is often recut to allow passage of the fetus. To make matters worse, these excisions are often performed without anesthetics and are

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), female genital mutilation consist of a non-medical procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs (Lauren V, 2011).Typically girls from two weeks old, through fourteen years old, are affected by this procedure. The mutilations are conducted under non-sterile conditions; by using razors, knifes, scissors etc.; and without any anesthesia.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is commonly referred to as female circumcision. The process of FGM involves altering the clitoris, sometimes removing it partially or entirely. FGM is a social construction practiced by a myriad of countries, although no construction is absolutely universal for every culture. For my multicultural paper am going to discuss in detail, the historical orientation of FGM. Additionally I will compare and contrast the practices of FGM versus the western version of male circumcision through a religious lens.

Some cultures see this practice as ritualistic but many times these procedures are done with usually no anesthetic. This ‘ritual’ leads to lifelong problems for the woman which include chronic infection, severe pain during urination and childbirth not to mention the awful psychological trauma involved with going through this torture. Often times the practice is an attempt to control the developing woman’s sexuality by “protecting” her virginity and also by suppressing any sexual desire that may be felt (Female Genital Mutilation,

In some cultures, the common practice of Female Genital Mutilation in Africa and the Middle East, are causing concerns amongst these young girls.

According to Little, most countries that participate in female genital mutilation value virginity and purity before marriage. Because the clitoris exists as a purely sexual organ serving no other purpose than sexual stimulation, the removal of a young girl’s clitoris eliminates the temptation to be sexually active and places her in a highly admirable place in the community. In countries that value circumcision, a girl’s virginity plays an essential role in her desirability for marriage, and her loss of virginity before her wedding may leave her family out casted from the community (Little 32). Little reflects the sentiment that without the procedure, women are thought to be promiscuous and unable to control their sexual desires. Traditions such as these perpetuate a patriarchal society in which women are forced into submission to men by placing all fault on females and leaving males completely unaccountable for their role in premarital

Imagine this! Being either a young girl or a woman forcefully bound against your will while elders perform a procedure called Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). The young girls and women who are forced to have this procedure done not only loses their rights to sexual pleasure but their rights are sliced, chopped, punctured, and finally burnt away. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) otherwise known as Female Genital Circumcision (FGC) is also a controversial topic in Western societies. This paper will examine the history of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), hegemonic perspective on Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), health consequences of having this procedure done, how Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) affects women’s sexual function, and women who

Genital mutilation encompasses the partial or complete removal of external genitalia for non-medical purposes. Genital mutilation is an ample defilement of an individual’s sexuality. Not only is genital mutilation an invasion of a females sexuality, it also attacks and raids her rights, wellbeing, condition and veracity. The key determination of genital mutilation is carried out in order to control a woman’s sexual cravings. Numerous countries supposes that the complex act of genital mutilation acts to confirm that a women upholds and preserves her virginity before she is married and it is also believed to intensify a males sexual pleasures. Genital mutilation is used and seen as a “right of passage”. When it comes to females and it is seen as an act of womanhood. In some countries, it is seen in a hygienic aspect, believed to keep and provide females with a sense of purity. Various Middle Eastern countries believed that gender mutilation stipulates a smoother exterior as well as a façade. It is believed to make females “clean” in a sense. Additionally, gender mutilation is completed in anticipations to sustain females from abstaining from

There are many global issues that plague our earth, even now in the 21st century. One of these issues is female circumcision. Female circumcision, or Female Genital Mutilation, is the partial or full removal of the external female genitalia for nonmedical reason. It is an inhumane practice that effects an estimated 200 million women around the world (Global Issues in Context). It is unclear where FGM originally became, but many believe that FGM originated in ancient Egypt and then spread to  East Africa. It was believed that FGM would ensure women’s virginity and reduction in the female desire. FGM has also been practised in

The main objective of this paper is to explore both the physical and psychological effects of women and girls after they have been genitally mutilated. Female genital mutilation is the removal or alteration of external female genitalia (WHO, 2017). In literal terms, female genital mutilation encompasses all procedures that remove partial or all of the external female genitalia (WHO, 2017). It has been determined that there are four major ways in which the female genitalia can be cut. The first one is considered Type I or clitoridectomy, which is the partial or total removal of the clitoris. Type II is excision, which includes a partial or total clitoridectomy along with the labia majora. Type III is referred to as infibulation,

The western world has a very bad wrap when it comes to looking at foreign practices objectively; so it’s really up for debate whether or not female genital mutilation is a morally sound practice. Afterall, why does anyone in America have the right to judge this practice or to intervene, especially with the presence of male circumcision in our own culture? The means by which they received these circumcisions however, are totally different than a third world countries female genital circumcision procedure. Male circumcision is largely done in a clean, organized and safe environment while female circumcision is done mostly in third world countries without the capability/tools necessary to create such an environment. There are three basic types of genital circumcision that vary widely depending on the reliability of whoever performs the surgery. The

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a cultural belief that over years has been practiced in Asia, the Middle East and over 28 countries in Africa. It is estimated over 150 million girls and women worldwide have been subjected to FGM. Also about 2 million girls are at risk everyday with the highest prevalence rate of about 97% in Somalia. FGM origin is specifically not known, but it has been practiced among different cultures, from Asia, the Middle East, some Australian aboriginal tribes and many African societies with Somalia being the leading country in most FGM reported cases. For this reason, let’s examine what the prevalence rate of FGM among women aged 15 and over in Somalia are and the estimated numbers of girls aged under 15 who are at risk of FGM. The Committee of Bioethics in the article female genital mutilation made a permission statement which suggest an ‘’appeal to health practitioners, especially pediatricians on how to encourage their patients, especially mothers, to educate their families on the dangers associated with FGM; to refrain from subjecting their girls to such

Around the world, there are acceptable and unacceptable cultural practices. Among the unacceptable one’s female genital mutilations (FGM) is one the worst cultural practices in some countries, and also it is against the law. FGM is defined as cutting or removing of the outer parts of the female genital for nonmedical prepuces. In the worldwide, 200 million girls and women are exposed for FGM because of cultural influences. This practice is rooted deep in the cultural norms of countries such as, Latin America, North America, Africa, the Arab States, sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Australia,