Population Education Reviewer

Dr. Smith brings up the term “utilitarian ethic” by which is caused by the use of contraception as, “if the possibility of parenthood is deliberately excluded…character of the relationship…changes…relationship is transformed to the point in which it becomes incompatible…nothing left except ‘utilization for pleasure,’ of which the object will be a person (Love and Responsibility 228).” Thus, meaning that the other person is just used as sexual pleasure. Eventually, one loses their own “dignity,” as learned in class as the quality of being worthy of esteem and honor – worthiness. Once one loses “dignity” for themselves then one may even question on being in a marriage even one’s own possibility to reproduce, which is one of the greatest things in the world. Today it seems, women are treating the act of pregnancy as a negative thing – childbearing and nurturing your child is one of the greatest things. In the end, “utilitarian ethic” has an endless cycle of negative characteristics associated with

Mary Anne Fitzpatrick is the developer of the three original types of marriage. The three types include; Traditional marriage, Independent marriage, and Separate Marriage. When she was studying, she noticed that not every couple was the same, and that age played a factor in it as well when it came to categorizing couples in what type of marriage they are. “Couples can be differentiated on the basis of their “independence,” the extent to which they share their feelings with one another. Some couples are highly interdependent, depending on their partners for comfort, expressions of love, and fun. Other couples are more reserved and do not depend on their partners for emotional sharing and support,”(345). This shows Fitzpatrick’s theory of different types of marriage is true and each couple is different form another and that they should be put into different categories and not just one.

Throughout this semester, our class has discussed the morality of abortion. We have examined different philosophers’ positions on abortion and debated the pros and cons of each article. For my argument, I defined abortion as the deliberate removal of a fetus from the mother’s womb to result in the death of the fetus. My position on abortion was that it is morally permissible depending on if it’s what the mother wants, the child’s future wellbeing, and the circumstances of the pregnancy. After careful thought and consideration, I have changed some parts of my argument and kept others the same.

There is a third side to the abortion debate. A large and growing number of people, religious, and non-religious alike, recognize a woman’s right to an abortion to be a fundamental freedom in this country; a freedom protected by law. Their view on abortion is based on the simple truth that choice is the operative word. This Third Voice is opposed to the practice of abortion on moral grounds, but also assert that the separation of Church and State extents to the right of a woman to do with her body as she decides. Further, the Third Voice accepts the law of the land, and advocates the possibility of better, and objective pre- and post-abortion counseling and education to all regarding abortion.

Natural law theory permits almost no exceptions when it comes to its ardent belief that life, starting from conception is sacred (n.d). The fetus should have the right life. At the very moment of fertilization a new human being is formed. A woman decides whether she wants to have

Political participation is when one partakes in an activity that has the intent or effect of influencing government action. The most political participation women partake in is voting. National documents do not refer to women and refer to them in context as wives, mothers or property. Most of the freedoms and virtues given in those documents were to white men. McBride and Parry discuss of the Supreme Court views women's rights. They state “At the same time, the Supreme Court guidelines leave room for legislation that treats men and women differently, with potential for unequal treatment. The equality dilemma remains unsolved” (47). Since the nineteenth amendment was ratified not much has been done about women’s equality and while the court promises equality for all it does not live up to its promise. A lot has changed since the twentieth century and the courts should work with the government to reach decisions on various issues discussed in this paper. In terms of political participation and the political parties the numbers are again disportionate. In agreement with this, Barbara Burelli states in her book Women and Political Participation; A Reference Handbook “Women make up a small portion of Democrat and Republican delegates. Women have consistently reported lower levels of involvement, and the gap has not

By a hospital following these principles they are adhering to the moral teachings that flow principally from the natural law where the Church has derived its understandings of the nature of the human person, of human acts, and the goals that shape human activity (USCCB, pg4). It is these two principles that rob a hospital from providing the adequate care that is essential to women because the Church has very strong views on how people should live. Therefore, if a woman who may need a dilation and evacuation (i.e. abortion) to save her life even with a doctor’s recommendation, she will herself denied that right.

The following is an exploration of the interest group, the National Organization for Women (NOW). First, this paper discusses the history of the organization and describes its foundation, categorization, and the major political factors which inspired its founding. Second, it describes the membership and provides suggestions for improvement with regards to benefits and membership criteria. Next, this analysis explains the internal dynamics, the significance of influencing public policy in relation to the organizational goals, and the governance structure. Finally, it covers the organizational ecology, which includes information about the interest community participation and lobbying activity of the National Organization for Women Political

If more women were in higher governmental power, additional action would be taken to improve the government and the world in general. Women have always been considered a follower of men since the beginning of time. However, women are being politically elected to be head of state and government, they are leaders of countries and role models for the younger generations. More than 20 countries currently have a woman holding office as the head of a national government, and the global participation rate of women in national-level parliaments is nearly 20%. In addition, women are highly devoted to promoting national and local policies that address the socioeconomic and political challenges facing women, children, and disadvantaged

An example of an expectation to this doctrine would be a mother getting an abortion in order to save her life (Pence 14). For this reason, Jimmy’s request to refuse treatment should not be

As found in “Pathways to Empowerment: Repertoires of Women’s Activism and Gender Earnings Equality”, women today have more political and civil rights, and tend to be better represented in positions of power (Akchurin and Lee, 679). For instance, the progress of women in the United Nations (UN), reflects on a comparable influence that congresswomen around the world might have over the social-economic development of females. Recent studies on “Women in the House (of Parliament) in Fiji: What’s Gender Got to Do with It?” convey that an increase in female presence in the lower house of parliament (congress) suggest a change in public perceptions towards women and political leadership (chattier, 187). The text States that an increase of female senators is a result of the influence of previous congresswoman over feminist movements or organizations. Women whom encourage social flexibility and economic mobility in society. All with the purpose of fighting against the odds of the idea of woman representation in congress. Karunita, conjures up on this theory through the use of framing in her painting. The painter decides to create a crowded background of various figures. The figures resemble the silhouette of doves or butterflies that surround the focus of the painting, while they each uphold a flame. The marvelous multicolored butterflies appear to emerge from the woman. The

A women's role has changed tremendously and is making its greatest impact in our society today. Many years ago, women's contribution to society was limited and controlled by men. Women are standing tall and are playing a major role in many important areas. Women's role has changed at an accelerating rate and have part in areas such as Politics, Professional Training Jobs, Medicine,Business and Law. Formerly they were not part of any political matter, but they have advanced in many aspects. For example, women have attained power and have been growing in political office.

“Radical Feminism offers systematic analysis of the nature of women’s oppression including the way it is sustained through law and criminal justice processes. It is not only to understand male dominance and control of women and but also to end it.”

New Zealand was the first country to give women the right to vote in 1893, however, since then we have dropped to 27th when it comes to gender representation in government, out of 188 countries. One of the many reasons as to why women are under represented in parliament can be linked to the issue of the political obstacles that face women. This is when they want to be in parliament, women whom are in parliament, and the many women who this is not an option for due to lack of opportunity. Women have to face this “masculine model” of politics and government. Men are dominant in parliament, meaning that political life revolves around male norms and values (Shvedova). This can be extended, politics is very much about competition and confrontation. Rather than politics being

However, the existing curriculum does not offer a solution either. One of the reason is that educational curriculum is mainly designed by male policy makers and hence is biased towards the girls. The current education system, which is governed by male ideologies often, pin down adolescent girls into a system where they cannot voice their concerns. As a result, they end up doing what society expects them to do- to do household chores and to be housewives. Girls and women are pivotal members of any society. Several studies have demonstrated the power of girls and women in development. If girls and women are given a chance to lead, they are likely to change the development status of any society.