Population Genetics

hereditary disorder of Caucasians in the United States and is the most common cause of chronic

If the disease is of the homozygous variety in a person it occurs in 1 in every 10,000 people. If the disease is heterozygous then in is found between 1 in every 5,000 people and 1 in every 15,000 people. It is more common in Venezuela then anywhere else, although it is discovered in about 240 people per year in the United States. A DNA marker G8 (D4S10) is closely linked to HD and has been identified as being on the # 4 chromosome and can detect Heterozygotes. (Encarta Encyclopedia) The connection between G8 and HD has not been clinically used because it’s a very serious disease. Theoretically a homozygote can be detected parentally. If a female has a child and she is tested positive for HD and has no history of it, then the father as well as the child a bound to end up with the disease. (Textbook

In 1859 Darwin introduced the concept of natural selection with his text, On The Origins of Species. Natural selection is part of the theory of evolution

Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace two different people yet one same idea. Charles Robert Darwin was an english naturalist whose theory of evolution by natural selection is defined as the “foundation of modern evolutionary theories.” Darwin and Wallace both lived during the same period of time in the mid 1800’s and both studied natures theory of evolution. Let us get into the evolution of Mister Charles Darwin. Alfred Russel Wallace was another English naturalist who also came up with the idea of evolution by natural selection at about the same time as Darwin. Darwin began his bold discoveries after a voyage around the world in 1837 through 1839, where he spent around twenty years on his studies of his theories, in which he waited almost two decades to unleash his discoveries.

In people of West African ancestry such as the man in the study typically have SCD/haemoglobin C disease. This is a type of SCD that results from the inheritance of one HbS gene through one gene for HbC and this type of SCD is the most common abnormal haemoglobin gene in West Africa. The inheritance pattern for SCD is not complicated because if both parents hold one abnormal gene, there is a 1 in 4 possibility that any offspring will

The process of isolating the responsible gene—motivated by the desire to find a cure—was more difficult than anticipated. Scientists now believe that identifying the location of the HD gene is the first step on the road to a cure. Finding the HD gene involved an intense molecular genetics research effort with cooperating investigators from around the globe. For 10 years, scientists focused on a segment of chromosome 4 and, in 1993, finally isolated the HD gene. The process of isolating the responsible gene—motivated by the desire to find a cure—was more difficult than anticipated. Scientists now believe that identifying the location of the HD gene is the first step on the road to a

In 1859, Charles Darwin set out his theory of evolution by natural selection as an explanation for adaptation and specialization. He defined natural selection as the “principle by which each slight variation, if useful at all, may be preserved”

Darwin’s theory states that all organisms come from a common ancestor and vary in characteristics because of mutations regardless of the needs or wants. Changes occur

A doctor can find out if someone's family has a genetic diseases, then all they would have to do is to get information about the family, Which is easily accessible if the family when to any hospital for a genetic illness. Thanks to Mendel, we a can tell if something can be transmitted threw our genes. As well as who we are related to.

In 1858, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace published a paper detailing the theory of natural selection which provides a mechanism by which biological evolution occurs. Evolution refers to the change overtime and biologically it could be referred to as the change overtime in living organisms. And their main axioms were “only the organism which are better adapted to the environment can survive and pass the gene to the next generation” which emphasized the phrase of ‘survival for the fittest’. It also deserves notice that Darwin and Alfred Russel were not the only scientists to come up with a theory about evolution as it is historically remembered that a scientist by the names of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, came up with the theory of natural

He presented his discovery along with another English naturalist, Alfred Russel Wallace, who independently discovered natural selection at about the same time. The following year Darwin published his full theory, supported with enormous evidence, in On the Origin of Species. Genetics The contribution of genetics to the understanding of evolution has been the explanation of the inheritance in individuals of the same species.

Huntington 's disease was found by numerous researchers before George Huntington. For instance in the 1840 's HD was described in writing as a "Chronic hereditary chorea by Dr Waters of Franklin N.Y.," ( ) who found a type of chorea attacking in specific families in his neighborhood. In 1872 an American specialist George Huntington distributed a clinical report called "On Chorea," which portrayed the side effects of Huntington in detail. The report become so famous that it ended up baring his name. It was believed by historians that individuals who suffered from this disorder where suspected to being witches in 1692. George Huntington constructed his notes with respect to the perceptions he took of his father and grandfather who were both specialists and saw oblivious trembling in some of their patients. Notwithstanding physical indications, Huntington noted patients with intellectual debility.

The hereditary chorea, as I shall call it, is confined to certain and fortunately few families, and has been transmitted to them, an heirloom from generations away back in the dim past. It is spoken of by those in whose veins the seeds of the disease are known to exist, with a kind of horror and not at all alluded to except through dire necessity when it is mentioned as “that disorder”.

Many scientists believe variations are caused by environmental factors, such as food availability, weather and more; and that species evolve when environmental conditions change to increase the species survival. Darwin censures this idea; he believed that the main cause of variation is due to reproduction (Chapter I). Darwin suggested that parents pass down specific characteristics to their offspring, and those variations are continued on in the following generations. The problem with Darwin’s theory of reproduction is that Darwin did not comprehend how or why some characteristics are perennial and how others are not. Darwin’s inferences on variations also conflict with the idea that God created species independently, which was widely understood by many people in a time where religion was prominent (Chapter II).

Charles Darwin published Origin of Species on November 24,1859.(G) This was the start that got more people thinking about evolution. The full title is On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life.(G) He was the scientist who made the scientific theory of evolution through natural selection organisms change over time by natural selection. Other scientist went off of Charles Darwin to make other theory’s leading to the big bang theory.