Portugal Land Ends

Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, European exploration and expansion thrived. Portugal led the way in this movement of exploration with their development of efficiently built ships known as caravels, seafaring devices such as compasses and astrolabes, and cutting-edge naval academies. Various European countries, including Spain, England, France, etc., followed Portugal’s example by utilizing their progressive naval technology. These technological advancements led to the crossing of oceans and eventually the circumnavigation of the world. These Portuguese sailing techniques were implemented by explorers such as Christopher Columbus, John Cabot, Hernando Cortes, Francisco Pizarro, and Bernal Castillo allowing them to travel by sea to places such as Africa, East Asia, the Caribbean, and the Americas. These nations and explorers were persuaded to put in the time and effort to complete these complex expeditions by three essential motivations. Financial gain, political dignity, and religious expansion were fundamental motivators for the European Age of Exploration.

Portugal’s explorations of the Africa brought wealth and power for Prince Henry. It was not enough for him, so he was looking for more opportunities, especially to trade with India. His main goal was to find a sea route that connected to Asia. When Manuel took the throne, he organized a large expedition to India. After 22 days of sailing the crew landed Portugal reached their goal; they had found their long sought water route. I feel that without the advanced technology that Portugal utilized that no such route would have been found and they would have not been able to gain essential resources needed for their country to thrive.

Portugal was one of the, if not the only, technological and economic geniuses of the fifteenth century. As a result of their genius, Portugal was able to build one of the first caravels and sail around the coast of Africa in an attempt to find a sea route to India. As a result of this attempt,

When the Spanish and Portugal had the Treaty of Tordesillas it separated them splitting up the land of which each empire could conquer. The Spanish had a very large part of the Americas while the Portuguese only had the area of Brazil. The Spanish began a conquest of Mexico they fought with the Tlateloclan warriors and the Spaniards entirely defeated them so they could fully take over their land (Tlatelolcan Elder, 564). While Spain took control over the western part of the Americas Portugal was fighting for the land they were given in the east, Brazil. When Pedro Alvares Cabral first went to the land of Brazil he was very unimpressed with the people and the land there he went back to the King of Portugal, Manoel, and reported this to him, he described how the people looked and acted to Manoel. (Encounter in Brazil, 571). Through these primary sources you can see the Portuguese and Spanish are taking control of what is theirs. This led to conflicts between the stronger and weaker empires as they tried to gain more land to become wealthy. Many empires were also trying to gain kingdoms in Africa to keep the slave trade alive so slaves could keep producing good in the Americas. There were other conflicts between empires and it impacted the empires of the globe of how powerful and they would

Africa, and Vasco and Gama got to India, Spain united as a country to outdo Portugal.

Because of their special geography, Portugal had advanced technology. They had “outgun” ships and controlled the sea area. They also established bases in key locations of the places they conquered. They created “trading post empire” by force. They conquered ports and big cities, but not the whole place.

The domination of Portugal over Ming China during the late post-classical through the early modern era in expeditions to the Indian Ocean is a result of both countries motivations and perceptions. Ming China was motivated to seize all expeditions in order to maintain order and control of Chinese citizens before external influences created chances for chaos, while Portugal was able to win the upper hand on expeditions to the Indian Ocean as a result of the motivation for glory and economic gain. Ming China’s royal members spread negative perceptions of expeditions into the country that prompted civilians to fear leaving the country.

Lisbon is the main area that Henry the Navigator sent out his ships to discover the new world. This became a very popular trading depot because of its location and finding new things during exploration. This was a place where the Colombian Exchange happened, especially with what is now Brazil. This is also where Ferdinand Magellan set off to sail completely around the earth.

- Because Spain and Portugal were rivals, they were always trying to out beat each other. Since the Portuguese set up trading posts in Africa first, other European countries started and later on Spain set up posts too. Because the Portuguese didn’t like taking water routes, it took them longer to get to India through land to get spices and jewels. While this was happening, the Spanish people became unified and seeing that they were now stronger, planned to outstrip their rivals of the Indian

It remained under the rule of Visigoth until Islam’s arrival via the Moors in 711 CE. From being the westernmost part of the Roman Empire to western-most part of the Islamic empire. They created one of the longest and lasting maritime empires in history after their Reconquista in 1250 and made a treaty of Ayllon with Castile to continue the Crusade against Muslims and regain the spoils of war from the port. Portugal found a sea route to India onwards Asia. They build trading post and forts. They defeated Goa in India and set a foothold in Asia. They colonized Brazil in 1530 so that they can defend it. Their ulterior motive was to divide Brazil into 15 capitanias so that enough wealth to support a settlement

Portugal got some of Spain’s land in Africa and Asia, as well as present-day Brazil. Spain got the rest.

As one of the countries we examined to place a Dunkin’ Donuts, was Portugal. Portugal was founded as a republic in 1910 after a revolution had taken place. Since then Portugal has become a part of the National American Treaty Organization, the United Nations, and the European Union. They are still a 3 branch Republic with both a President and Prime Minister, where they have a Parliamentary Particracy government system. Here in this type of government one or more political parties will lead the government rather than residents and/or elected officials. A party is voted upon by the people of Portugal and the winning party will then appoint all leadership. Portugal has been portrayed as a very stable country in recent years. In an article

When I visit Portugal, it is to see my family, mainly my grandmother, who lives in a very small town named Seara Velha. In fact, it is quite a poor town with old houses and not much to do. Visiting this town has taught me truly shown me that people are not born with privileged lives. My father was born and raised in this town where he started working from eight years old as a shepherd. I know I must work hard to get what I want in life whether it is going to college, persuing my desired career of engineering, or simply playing well in a soccer game. I have learned that everything will not just be handed to me. Visiting Portugal is more of a humble experience compared to a vacation.

Cabral left Portugal on March 9, 1500 and planned to imitate Vasco da Gama’s westward-then southward route that would lead to India. There was one problem. He headed so far west he reached current-day Brazil. He then continued to India like he was supposed to in the first place. He returned to Portugal on June 23, 1501.

Vasco da Gama's revolutionary sea expedition to India is one of the most crucial moments in the entire history of exploration. Till the middle of 15th century, Portugal was the foremost seafaring country in Europe. King Manuel I: the ruler of Portugal hired about four ships for the voyage around Africa to the legendary land of India. King Manuel I knew that India was a huge cradle of variety of spices, which were extremely rare to see in other places and moreover they were pretty expensive in Europe. The king had also noticed that the Muslim merchants transported the spices by caravans through Arabian deserts and sold them in the markets of the Mediterranean ports. King Manuel I expected a new sea route to India, as that would enable him to import spices directly. This achievement was very important for Portugal as they could trade and earn money a lot of money from it. India was filled with spices: Pepper was a very common and the most used spice, it was used to preserve food and to flavor spoiled meat. Pepper was originated from Cochin and Malabar Coast in India. Cloves and cinnamon were equally used. They were used for keeping the food hygienic and ventilated. They were also sprinkled across the floor to avoid foot odor from entering the room. Many spices were also used for the cure of various illnesses and deadly diseases. India was the foremost spice trader for most of the countries including Europe.