Portuguese Colonization Of Brazil

In history, what often occurred was that influential individuals who occupied the middle ground during exploration were forgotten. These third-party individuals are called go-betweens and they helped Europeans connect with different cultural groups. The 16th century brought enormous change by the Portuguese to the indigenous groups who lived in Brazil. The colonization of Brazil owes its success to transactional, representational, and physical/biological go-betweens. The book, Go-betweens and the Colonization of Brazil, written by Alida Metcalf explores the roles of these go-betweens and their impact.

Before colonists arrived, America is projected to have had around a thousand languages from numerous language families. In North America there are 60 language families, while Central America has 15 language families, and South America has the largest group at 118. The languages of the America’s were as dissimilar to each other as Chinese and English. The Eskimo languages family has speakers from Siberia all the way to Greenland reaching farther than just the Americas. A sizeable language family of North America is Athabaskan, which has approximately 35

To start, in Brazil the Portuguese become convinced that full-scale exploitation of the land was imperative for the safety of their entire overseas empire. Sugar cultivation was the ideal crop to guarantee the existence of a profitable colony. As a result, the Portuguese dominated the Atlantic slave trade. Various slaves from different parts of Africa were brought to Brazil and experienced difficult working and in living

The transatlantic slave trade was a primary structuring force of brazilian society. When Brazil became independent in 1822 from portugal, the slave trade was perceived as a dominant activity in the country's economy because it involved so much formation and investments. Slavery played a significant role in the structure of Brazil considering that the system of involuntary labor was the biggest and most extended of all the slave societies in the Atlantic world. This molded Brazilian ways of life including jobs, transportation, economic concerns, political factors and culture in many ways.

Portugal’s colonization begins with the Treaty of Tordesilhas in 1494, which marked Portugal and Spain’s control over South America along a meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands. It wasn’t until 1536 that a unique system of government was put in place in Brazil; fifteen donatary captaincies were established, which were land grants given to a private person equivalent to a royal governor. The Royal Charter for the Captaincy of Pernambuco issued to Duarte Coelho on September 24, 1534 defined how captaincies would function; these captaincies had their own mini-constitutions called forals, which defined the captain-settler relationship to the crown, and many other power; the “governors” could set up a government, had a monopoly over

In processes of Independence in South American and Brazil happened very differently. In the Spanish American process of revolution there were lots of movements for rebellion (Chasteen:93). Many of the movements were set in motion when the king of Spain, Carlos IV, and Prince Fernando, were captured by Neapolitan (Chasteen:92). The colonies questioned the leadership of the Spanish crown. In Mexico, two priests sparked different rebellions. Father Miguel Hidalgo gained support from indigenous and mestizo people with the phrase “Americans versus Europeans” (Chasteen:96). This turned into rebellion against the Peninsulars and, unintentionally, creole since it was difficult for the fighters to tell them apart (Chasteen:96). Father José María Morelos

William Shakespeare's play "Macbeth" is renowned for its exploration of the human psyche, power dynamics, and the consequences of unchecked ambition. At the heart of this tragedy lies the character of Macbeth, a Scottish nobleman whose ascent to power is driven by his relentless ambition. As the play unfolds, Macbeth evolves from a valiant warrior to a tyrannical ruler consumed by guilt and paranoia. Through Macbeth's journey, Shakespeare presents a profound exploration of the tragic hero archetype, examining the complexities of human nature and the moral dilemmas that accompany the pursuit of power.

During the 15th through 16th centuries, The Portuguese and Spanish explorers were very attracted to valuable resources, new land, and trade routes. These motives encouraged them to seek out new explorations and search for items that would benefit their home countries. Common resources that both the Spanish and Portuguese sought out included silks, porcelain, spices, persian horses, silver, and gold (Chasteen, 2001). Although the Portuguese and Spanish explored and sought out new land for many of the same reasons, they also had some different causes for exploration which were often very specific to the needs and goals of Portugal and Spain.

I am researching the economy of Brazil. The definition of economy: The Management of the income, expenditures, etc of a household, business, community, or government. Careful management of wealth, resources, etc; avoidance of waste by careful planning use; thrift or thrifty use. (1) The system or range of economic activity in a country, region, or community. (2)

During Brazil’s first few decades of colonialism, the Portuguese decided that to control the population they would directly enslave them. Captured native people were the ones that labored on the first sugar mills. Native slavery was abolished in Brazil in the 1570s but exceptions were made if a Native was captured during “just war”. Although a loophole existed that allowed for Natives to still be enslaved, by the 1590s it didn’t matter because they were

In contrast to the independence movements of Spanish Latin America, Brazilian independence came simply and peacefully. The Portuguese royal family took refuge in Brazil in 1807. This transformed Rio de Janiero into a court city. The prince regent Joao addressed complaints of the locals that were similar to those of the Spanish Creoles. He made Brazil a kingdom in 1815. Soon, Brazil was more prosperous than Portugal. In 1820, a revolution occurred in Portugal and its leaders demanded that Joao's return to Portugal and Brazil's return to colonial status. Joao, who became

The Sun Also Rises is a novel written by Ernest Hemingway, first published in 1926. Hemingway wrote the novel about a group of American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. Hemingway gives the reader a look at the post World War I generation, which included the Lost Generation. Many of the important characters in The Sun Also Rises are simply lost. The reader can see moral bankruptcy, spiritual dissolution, unrealized love, and vanishing illusions from the lost characters.

In 1500's the Portuguese, led by explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral, arrived in Brazil. One of the first measures taken by the new arrivals was the conquering of the local population, the Brazilian Indians, in order to allow the Portuguese slave labor (for sugarcane and cotton). The experience with the Indians was a failure. The Indians quickly died in captivity or fled to their nearby homes. The Portuguese then began to

Brazilwood was a key product for Portuguese trade. But the focus on timber would soon change. Cash crops in the form of sugar cane production became the focus. Slavery was needed for the growing of sugar cane and replaced the unsuccessful usage of native people for labor. “Regular slave trade between Brazil and Africa was begun in the 1550s as a temporary measure to replace the Indians decimated by war and disease, but it lasted for over 300 years, and the institution of slavery persisted until 1889, Brazil being the last country of the American hemisphere to abolish it.” The agricultural focus of sugar cane changed to coffee bean production in the late 19th century. As coffee began to take off, slavery was abolished. With the influx of Africans halted, foreign immigration was promoted. This would have a profound effect on the societal make-up of the colony. Mass migrations were already occurring as the Portuguese had established their minute South American empire. Between 1884 and 1920 three million immigrants, mainly Italian, entered the country. Portuguese, Germans, Italians, Spanish, Britons, the descendants of African slaves and the products of racial mixtures of Brazilian Indians, Europeans, and Africans would be the kin of those who football would become entrenched within.

Marijuana comes from the Indian hemp plant. The “drug” is found mostly in the flowersof the plant, but it can also be found in the seeds, leaves, and stems. “The chemical that causes intoxication or the “high” in users is called THC (short for tetrahydrocannabinol).” (drugfreeworld.org) This chemical is responsible for the mind-altering effects that classifies marijuana as a drug. “In January 2014, marijuana was noted by the National Institute on DrugAbuse as being the most widely used illicit drug in the U.S.” (drugs.com) Marijuana becominglegal in the United States has been an argument for a long time now. Eight states, as well as Washington D.C., have legalized recreational marijuana. Twenty-seven states have legalized medicinal marijuana. People who use marijuana for recreational purposes usually smoke the plant like a cigarette hoping to achieve a euphoric state. Marijuana can also be mixed with foodor brewed as tea. “Medical marijuana is described as using the cannabis plant or its extracts to treat a disease or symptom.” (drugrehab.com) Although legalizing marijuana could possibly leadto more injuries, crimes, and addictions, the Federal Government of the United States should legalize it medically and recreationally since it can treat diseases, ensure public safety, and increase the country’s economy.By legalizing marijuana, people throughout the United States would be capable of using the drug as they pleased. There would be some restrictions with the legalization