Post And Lintel Research Paper

Post and Lintel Construction is made when giant structures are standing upright; these are called the posts. The lintels are the horizontal structures that are placed on top of the posts. The main structural limitations are the lintels cannot be extremely heavy and they have to be well supported by the posts, or else they can fall down. The most popular example that is also in our text is Stonehenge on page 18.

For example, walls in this style are generally thick with only a few small openings at most. Since the walls are so thick, buttresses are not as necessary of a feature and as such are of a flat square profile that does not extend far from the wall. Arches are usually semi-circular for openings such as doors and windows as well as for vaults and arcades. Narrow doors and windows are usually surmounted by a solid stone lintel. For large passageways they are typically arched. With arches, a characteristic feature is to have two arched windows or arcade openings paired with a column dividing the two, while all set within a larger arch. For the arches, piers were employed to support them especially in regards to the interior arcades. Another feature of this style is that of columns. These were frequently utilized and were typically

In Arcadia and Antiquity (late 18th century to early 19th century), the new museum building types were being developed in architectural competitions which were particularly paper exercises, aiming to solve the problem or find a solutions to the issue instead of debating, visualizing,and organizing new architectural forms.

In order to create a column-free space, designers and engineers opted to use free spanning composite glue-laminated (glulam) wood-steel arches supported by inclined concrete buttresses (Chodikoff, 2009). For the arches, the glulam slabs were made from engineered timbers consisting of wood laminations bonded together with strong, waterproof adhesives, resulting in a structural component as strong as steel. To increase the lateral stiffness, and assist in carrying the bending stresses from unbalanced snow loading, each arch has steel components anchoring the glulam slabs – resulting in a composite glulam wood-steel arch (Gregory, 2010). The use of glulam for the arches allowed for the roof’s large 100-metre span and curved element to be produced (Dietsch, 2011).

Brunelleschi not only introduced a fusing of Roman antiquity with naturalism and perspective; but his technique of pictorial perspective spread like wild fire amongst artists and architects alike. While perspective was already in use it was Brunelleschi’s scientific approach that would change how art and architecture was perceived (Encyclopedia of Art, n.d.). Brunelleschi is heralded as an artist, architect and sculptor that embraced use of new techniques and old ideas simultaneously making them relatable (Encyclopedia of Art History,

[…] The two shells are also connected to one another by some brickwork rings in the webs, which are hidden between the two shells as well. Thus, the dome can also be envisioned as a sandwich structure, whose skins are the two brickwork shells and whose connecting core consists of the eight stonework ribs, the sixteen brickwork ribs and the brickwork rings. The dome does not include any flying buttresses. However, the side chapels and the nave exert a certain buttressing action on the drum, which boosts the buttressing action exerted by the piers.”

While most early medieval churches were covered with timber ceilings, many Romanesque buildings have either stone barrel vaults (i.e., semi-circular) or groin vaults (i.e., bays of barrel vaults crossing at a right angle). Their walls are necessarily thick to counter the outward thrust of the vault, and they allow only small windows. From 1100 onward, architects experimented with innovations that, once properly combined, allowed the dissolution of the wall and a fluid arrangement of space. For example, they adopted the pointed arch, which has a lesser lateral thrust than the round arch and is easily adaptable to openings of various widths and heights. They also developed a system of stone ribs to distribute the weight of the vault onto columns and piers all the way to the ground; the vault could now be made of lighter, thinner stone and the walls opened to accommodate ever-larger windows. Equally important, flying buttresses began to appear in the 1170s, whose vertical members (uprights) are connected to the exterior wall of the building with bridge-like arches (flyers). These external structures absorb the outward thrust of the vault at set intervals just under the roof, making it possible to reduce the building’s exterior masonry shell to a mere skeletal

Third year has marked a turning point in my attitudes towards architecture as a began to fully embrace the use of technology in design. Previously, I had limited my use of technology and mostly relied on traditional methods from the production of design drawings and models. However, the use of technology in the

During the Roman Empire, the original arch was redesigned to be strong and support large structures. In the original arch, various rectangle shaped “bricks” were haphazardly stacked on each other with hopes of at most supporting a small room. However, the redesigned arch used precisely measured polyhedrons and trapezoidal prisms in a specific way to support each other. This developed arch led to the creation of larger builders, aqueducts, and tunnels. Many empires proceeding the Romans adapted this design to fit their specific and different needs, and arches are still used today. Therefore, using basic geometric shapes, the people in the Roman Empire revolutionized the arch forever.

Aluminum roofing, doors, windows, and handrails highlight the use of wood” (Reaching the Green). The main structural support is provided by an exposed glulam timber frame. The timber frame supplies the required strength while providing the essential character and design aesthetics for the building interior provided. Ready access to dimensional lumber, structural wood by an exposed gleam timber frame. The timber frame supplies the required strength while providing the essential character and design aesthetics for the building interior. For the walls; the beam and the post frame provide the structural support needed to support the roof load. The walls are a straight light frame wood stud. The use of the wood frame, offers versatility and functionality. The floors are designed by using glulam beams and web joists. “The large open spaces provided by this assembly permitted rapid installation of electrical and mechanical services beneath the floor. The use of engineered wood trusses eliminated on-site cutting and reduced construction

Since a triangle shape experiences no push or pull it can withstand the tension provided by bridges. The large openings in a truss allows wind to pass through the structure with ease , reducing any additional tension provided by wind. The truss bridge acts in compression or tension, and typically these bridges have its lower cord under compression while the upper chord is under tension. The slanted beams “/ \ “ in the middle prevents any buckling of the upper members of the bridge .The truss ability to distribute forces has lead to many different designs of the bridge making it a unique bridge. The Firth of 4th bridge is a perfect example of unique truss’s. The chords of compression and tension are reversed. Through the span of large truss’s , the lower cord under compression while the upper under

The main advantages of arches are: structural strength - they can bear a much greater load than their primary alternative, a horizontal beam (lintel); efficiency – they can span wide spaces using a minimal amount of construction material; and practicality - they can be constructed from small, readily portable blocks rather than requiring massive slabs (Encyclopaedia Britannica, n.d.; Kamm, n.d.).

Throughout the years architects have been able to display their artistic abilities by showcasing their different styles and capabilities in structures that still stand from thousands of years ago. This essay will provide an explanation of my preference for this image, a short history of its construction, a brief analysis of the buildings function, as well as the style of the amazing archaic Parthenon of ancient Athens.

Architecture is often mistaken as purely an art form, when in actually it is where art and engineering or art and practicality meet. For example, painting is an art, when preformed well it yields a beautiful picture that evokes a deep human reaction and brings pleasure to its viewer, however this painting provides no function, it cannot shield us from the rain or protect us from the wind or snow, it is purely form. An insulated aluminum shed provides shelter and protection from Mother Nature; however, it is a purely functional building, it was drawn by an engineer, not conceived by an artist to have form. The culmination of form and function is Architecture, the Greeks and Romans fathered this idea and Palladio’s study of roman architecture taught him his valuable truth.

As the skills of artists progressed during the Renaissance, so did the applications of their work. Artists began combining media to create wholistic themes within a space to evoke specific meanings to those who visited these spaces. This integration of architecture and other artistic media took many different forms all in an effort to capture the the array skills possessed by artist as well as the reputation and story behind those who commissioned the spaces.