Post Mastectomy Syndrome

Depending on the specific abnormality, the surgery may require incisions on the abdomen, the buttocks, or both.

In order to heal, your body requires more energy. During your recovery from breast augmentation surgery, you will experience some fatigue. This means that you will tire quicker than usual.

Breast cancer is an unfortunate reality that plagues nearly 12 percent of women in the United States. 1 After being diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer, the 5 year survival rate diminishes to 22% according the Cancer Treatment Centers of America.2 All types of cancer treatments are associated with certain problematic side effects. In many cases the side effects from the treatments are the main cause for decrease in the overall quality of life and function for the patient. The three most common treatments for breast cancer are surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Common side effects from chemotherapy include; cancer related fatigue (CRF), pain, mouth and throat sores, and nervous system effects such as peripheral neuropathy.3 Many of the side effects associated with radiation therapy are similar to that of chemotherapy, but also include skin irritation and burns.4 Upper extremity range of motion and strength deficits are common impairments that follow surgical interventions for breast cancer.

Kay’s Wigs knows that many women can feel less attractive after going through a mastectomy. By maintaining a positive attitude and surrounding yourself with supportive friends and family, you can continue to love yourself and your body once the mastectomy has been done.

The Areola Restoration Procedure is an advanced permanent makeup procedure corrects the color, size and shape of the nipple. This procedure is often considered the last step after major breast related surgeries including, breast reduction, mastectomies, breast reconstruction, and breast implants. Such procedures often result in imperfections in the areola or a complete removal of the nipple. This procedure gives women, and men, the choice of shape, size and color of the areola and recreates perfectly symmetrical and naturally colored nipples.

In adequate post-operative pain management and assessment postpones patient discharge and delays recovery affecting 24% of patients. As a result there are increased readmissions and prolonged length of stays in hospital, and also poor clinical outcomes for the patient.

Pain can be categorised as either acute pain or chronic pain. Acute pain is short lasting and will commonly subside once healing has taken place (Mac Lellan 2006). It is often a sudden onset and usually lasts less than 6 months. The main example of acute pain would be the pain experienced post surgery. Chronic pain on the other hand is a prolonged and persistent pain that remains long after the normal healing process of 3- 6 months. A common example of such a pain would be chronic back pain (Mac Lellan 2006). For the purpose of this assignment, the management of acute pain post surgery will be discussed with reference to a particular scenario, which followed the care and pain management given to a patient post appendectomy.

4. Dr. Thomassen Uses Specialized Techniques and Grafting to Create the Patient a Nipple and Areola

Lumpectomy. The lumpectomy is a breast-conserving surgery that removes only the tissue containing the cancer. Lumpectomies are more successful when tumor detection occurs in an earlier stage and smaller size. A patient may opt for a tissue biopsy and lumpectomy simultaneously however, research is dismal in the lifespan impact on this particular surgical approach.

Directly before your augmentation, Dr. Nina S. Naidu will visit you in pre-op to make several markings on your breasts. She uses these markings as a guideline during your

While there are other treatment options available, male breast reduction surgery is the most effective solution because excess glandular tissue and fat are surgically removed. On occasion, to achieve optimal results, Dr. G may also need to remove excess skin during a male breast reduction surgery.

They are also used to remove unknown lumps from the breast that could be cancerous and need to be tested. Patients getting lumpectomies typically don’t stay overnight in the hospital. The surgery is less serious than others and is typically done as an outpatient procedure. If there is a surgical drain, then it is typically removed 1-2 weeks after surgery. During recovery, doctors advise to rest for a few days, take pain medications as needed, to take sponge paths until the surgical drain and sutures are removed, wear a supportive bra, and to do arm exercises. With any surgery, there is risk of complications. For a lumpectomy, surgical complications include loss of sensation, uneven breasts, wound infections, hematoma which is an accumulation of blood in the wound, seroma which is an accumulation of clear fluid in the wound, lymphedema which is swelling due to lymph fluid having difficulty draining from the arm, and excessive bleeding, although this is rare. Complications that can arise due to going under general anesthesia are breathing problems, heart problems, and reaction to the

These females who have undergone mastectomy or when major portion breast has been removed, they can be offered breast reconstruction with skin and muscles from adjoining area in the form of pedicle flap or free flaps. Silicon prosthesis can also be

• Numbness or weakness in the face. If this does develop, it usually gets better in a few months. Permanent numbness or weakness is rare.

The metastasis of cancer causes serious complications on the body of a patient, with these having a high potential to lead to death. Cancer that originates in the lungs or spreads to the lungs or the accessory muscles can bring about breathing difficulties and suffocation. Cancer may also spread to the tissues of the brain and the spinal cord to cause neurological manifestations affecting the nervous system of a person. The most common complication of cancer is the chronic pain (Lovell et al., 2014), which could be coming from the tumor itself as its growth and creates pressure, pushes other tissues and organs and invade or destroy nerves that then cause painful sensations. Bone pain is also very common when cancer has spread to the bone tissue.