Poverty And Children : The Challenges That Welfare Workers Face

As mentioned by Ruane and Cerulo in Second Thoughts, harsh realities of poverty affect children’s lives in profound ways. Children lack any power in improving their circumstances and depend on adults to gain access to basic necessities. Access to proper healthcare, education, and basic nutrition continues to be an obstacle for children. Poverty impedes children’s aptitude to learn and contributes to poor overall health and mental health. Perhaps most important, poverty becomes a cyclical nature that is difficult to overcome. Children who experience poverty when they are young tend to experience persistent poverty over the course of their entire lives. According to the Child Welfare League of America, the national poverty rate for children

Who are America’s poor children? How many children in America are poor? What are some of the hardships that face poor children in America? These are only a few questions that we can ask ourselves when considering children who live in poverty in America. Children face monumental hardships in our country because of poverty or the condition of not possessing the means to afford basic human needs. The economic crisis that we find ourselves in today threatens to cause a dramatic increase in the number of America’s poor children; however poverty in America has long been a crisis that has faced the children of our nation. This essay will investigate the previous asked questions and research

In 2000, the poverty rate among children was 16.2% (Reef 253)! Poverty is a relevant issue that isn 't going away. It 's ruining minds and lives at the same time. Poverty changes how people view the American Dream, achieve the American Dream, and even affect how people 's brains work and develop.

According to an article written by Jason M. Breslow, as of 2011, children had the highest poverty level with over 16 million children living in poverty. That is just in the United States. Imagine the number of children living in poverty in the entire world.

Children in poverty are becoming the poorest age group in the United Sates. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP), a U.S. family of three living in deep poverty survives on an annual income below $9,276, or less than $9.00 a day per family member. Unfortunately, children face many difficulties in the United States living in deep poverty because they are not able to

The U.S. is among the richest countries in the world today, yet millions of people in America still live below the poverty level. The number of Americans living in poverty is increasing day by day as well as the number of children. Poverty in America has become a great threat to children’s wellbeing as they are affected emotionally, socially, and even in their school performance (Wood 720). Poverty in America is mainly caused by lack of jobs. Many people who live in poverty in the United States is due to lack of jobs and getting jobs with minimum wage. Another cause of poverty is due to the rise in the cost of living. Poverty exists in America despite the fact that is among the richest nations in the world.

The article Majority of Children in US Public Schools are Low-Income written by Suzy Khimm is about the percentage of low-income children in the United States public school system. The Southern Education Foundation reported that in 2013, 51% of the students enrolled in the public schools were low-income. However, not all the children who are considered low-income are living in poverty. For a child to be categorized as low-income, they would have to be qualified for free or reduced price lunch. To be eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, the children’s families would have to live between 130% and 185% of the federal poverty line.

In 1998, more than 13 million children (19 percent of all children) under age eighteen lived in families with incomes below the official poverty threshold. Although children age eighteen and under represent 26 percent of the United States population, they comprise nearly 40 percent of the poverty population. Despite a steady decrease from 1993 (23%) to 1999 (17%) in the rate of children in poverty, the United States still ranks highest in childhood poverty among all industrialized nations.

Five decades and $24 trillion since President Lyndon Johnson launched the War on Poverty, the welfare system continues to fail the poor. Poverty rates remain stagnant, and self-sufficiency is discouraged. The federal government runs more than 80 different programs to help low-income Americans meet various needs. They provide housing, food, energy, healthcare, day care, education and more. While these programs have succeeded in providing significant material relief, they have failed in helping struggling Americans move beyond the need for government assistance.

The psychological health of children around the world is detrimental to their abilities to cope, succeed and be able to function normally within social settings. According to Evans and Shamberg ( 2009), “Chronically elevated physiological stress is a plausible model for how poverty could get into the brain and eventually interfere with achievement” (p. 6545- 6549). Children residing in poverty stricken neighborhoods and families tend to experience environmental stressors as well as physical stressors such as educational setbacks, lack of resources and physical demands that are not being met. These stressors can cause a problem in the psychological health of children because of the need to continually adjust to changes and setbacks that stem from poverty.

For example, the article it states, “childhood poverty may also lead to brain changes that influence mood and risk of depression” WORKCITE’. Therefore, at times child whose parents are living in poverty sometimes might be working two jobs to make it, so at times the child isn’t getting enough attention to help the child’s brain development.

22% of children in the United States live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level of $23,550 a year for a family of four. The federal poverty level is half the income necessary to cover basic expenses, meaning that 45% of children live in low income families that have just enough income where they can cover the cost of basic expenses. In areas like Chicago, where within their public school system 87% of students come from low-income families, or within Baltimore where it’s 83%, kids question their future.

Children in poverty is a typical social issue occurring in society today. “More than 16 million children in the United States – 22% of all children – live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level” (“National Center For Children In Poverty,” n.d.). The federal poverty level measures the amount of income a family takes in per year. It varies depending on the number of people in a family. For a nuclear family (two parents and two children) the federal poverty level is around twenty-four thousand dollars in a year (“Health Care.gov,” n.d.). The average American makes around forty-six thousand dollars a year. The parents of the children in poverty make at least twenty-two thousand dollars below the average. Their families are extremely poor. Also, not just one child is facing this hardship, sixteen million children are part of families below the federal poverty line, just in America. “About 22% of children in the U.S. lived below the poverty line in 2013, compared with 18% in 2008” (Calfas, 2015). Unfortunately, the rate of poverty affecting children has gone up through the years. More and more children will face poverty during day to day life. Children can be affected by poverty in many ways. “Poverty can impede children’s ability to learn and contribute to social, emotional, and behavioral problems. Poverty also can contribute to poor

Socio-economic factors are widely acknowledged as important determinants of poverty. If an individual experiences adverse living conditions in childhood, majority of them will have inadequate income and result in low socio-economic status as adults (Carroll et al, 2011). Children born in poor households have difficulty in accessing the basic needs (e.g. food, clothing, and good living environment) and this can affect their learning ability at school, unable to focus. In other words, they have a higher chance of dropping out of school or lower education attainment, unable to provide appropriate qualifications when they move onto adulthood, seeking for job opportunities. These children are finding day-to-day life tough, they are living in cold, damp houses, do not have warm or rain-proof clothing, their shoes are worn, and many days they go hungry (Children's Commissioner, 2012). Often this has taken place over a long period of time, impacting on their development, behaviour and physical health furthermore limiting their potential as they grow into adults.

Poverty is an important issue to discuss and know more about for many reasons. More than 48 million Americans live in poverty and 15.9 million of those are children. More than one for every seven people currently lives in poverty all across the United States. A full time working parent working for minimum wage earns $14,500 a year and the official poverty line for a family of two children and one parent is $17,568 a year. 20 million children receive free or reduced priced lunches every school day and only half of them get breakfast those days.