Poverty And Hygiene Within African Countries

The video shown in class “Lagos/Koolhas” really brings to light a major problem that is affecting the majority of the population. With the cities rapid development a majority of the population is forced to live in some of the worst slums that been highlighted in our course. These people are doing anything to survive, mostly working in the informal sector, selling whatever they can. Much like many other growing cities in developing countries a majority of Lagos has been developed with very little planning, which leads to the development of the slums that a majority of individuals are living in. These slums are built with whatever material is available at the time, and not suitable for humans to live in. They are crowded, dirty and unlike

Mike Davis, author of Planet of Slums, predicts the direction in which the world’s cities are headed, and how the changes in living conditions are only going to deteriorate if certain trends continue. The title of his book explains Davis’s vision for the future of cities as he feels there is enough evidence pointing towards an exponential rise in slum populations across the world’s largest cities. Additionally, he expresses his opinion on many issues regarding the rapid rise in developing cities’ slum populations, although he offers very one-sided arguments geared towards those who feel the current system is causing more problems rather than improving current conditions. This causes Davis to overlook the problems of slums as resolvable through different modes of assistance such as international aid programs. Instead, he views aid programs as the root cause of imbalance created during industrialization. Throughout the book, Davis presents information that confirms his preconceptions towards the slums. Therefore, all the evidence that is presented by him portrays confirmation bias as Davis fails to mention anything about the resolution of the problem of the growing number of slums and instead sees this problem as unavoidable. Particularly, Davis’ writing, although intended for the general population, is more geared towards critics who have similar ideas. Instead of providing the means through which the economy could be improved and the problem of slums could be resolved, it is

Throughout the 20th century, mass amounts of people moved from rural to urban areas worldwide for a variety of reasons. This massive influx caused urbanization to occur in cities that were originally smaller in population as compared to global cities (Davis 7). While this may be seemly beneficial, these smaller cities often did not have the infrastructure or the economic opportunities to support, in some cases, over a million people in such a short time. What this lead to was an increase in slums which are occupied by people who cannot afford to buy or rent traditional housing in these smaller cities. As many people were forced to live in these slums because of a lack of economic opportunity, the problems of overcrowding, inadequate access

In the book, “Planet of Slums” Mike Davis discusses, why there are mast migration from the rural villages to the megacities of the Third World. What megacities are is a city when the total population in it exceeds over eight million. He also discusses how the treason of the state, international banks and the ideas thinkers like Hernando de Soto makes the lives of people in the urban south much worse. Urban south are cities like Mexico City, Delhi, Dhaka, Cairo, Beijing, Lima and etc (Davis 4) that experience in major increase in population by more than ten times its size from 1950 to 2004, it is cities in the third world. Mike Davis believed that, the government, international banks and thinkers such as Hernando de Soto are the one responsible for making the condition in the urban south terrible for the poor while good only for the officials and the rich.

The physical environment in which the slums are located are just as bad, if not worse, than the housing. A major issue in the

In my situation, I am very fortunate to be brought up in the environment I'm in. I have a roof over my head, food to eat, clean clothes on my back, fresh water to drink, and another day to live. In Angola, children die every day from malnutrition and diseases like malaria. They don't receive the proper treatment needed because families don't have enough money. So many of us are so fortunate to live the lives we have, but we don't give a second to realize that children all over the world are dying everyday from being neglected. In Angola, the country is rich in oil. There are cities that flourish in wealth that you wouldn't even think that poverty exists. However, the outside doesn't always match the inside. The government has neglected them

Many people are leaving their homes in villages in Ethiopia in search of a better life for themselves and their families. A study shows, "Ethiopia, with more than 62 million people, is the second most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa and its rate of population growth is among the highest in the world" (Ezra 65). This quote confirms the increasing population, the decreasing resources, and the increasing migration from Ethiopia. With the population rising at such a high rate, it only makes sense for people to want to leave a poor, crowded area for a better, more suitable place to settle. Another quote from the same author: “The multilevel approach shows that, overall, males tend to migrate less often than females, but when reasons for migrating are considered, male tend to move more often than females for economic reasons. Females mainly migrate for reasons pertaining to marriage” (Ezra 87). This quote provides some reasons to the migration in Ethiopia. Women marry off into other families, often those in different villages or communities. This allows for the women to get a better life with someone new and in a new area, although that might not always be the case. Men, however, do not leave their villages to marry off into another family. The male has to find a way to provide for his wife and children any way he can. This could mean leaving the community to find

3, Poverty and poor health impact each other, and poverty is many times both the cause and effect of poor health, a feedback loop. Poverty can cause poor health both indirectly and directly. For example, (Health Divide), poor women in America often have jobs which don’t provide sick or parental leave. Also, those in poverty many times live in substandard housing, and have substandard nutrition. These economic factors often leads to poor health of both pregnant and expectant mothers, as well as poor fetal health. In fact, (Health Divide) aggregate data shows that life expectancy of 45-year old Americans increases as income increases. This is by no means a guarantee that if one is making money they will have a higher life expectancy, but the

their environment. The development in the slums has made it better and made it worse

Health care-associated infection (HCAI), also referred to as “nosocomial” or “hospital” infection, is defined as: “An infection occurring in a patient during the process of care in a health-care facility which was not present or incubating at the time of admission. This includes infections acquired in the hospital but appearing after discharge, and also occupational infections among staff.

A great challenge confronting Canadian policy makers is the increase incidence of poverty and the interaction it plays on health. Research has concluded that poverty affects both physical and mental health (Ivanova, 2011). Policy makers are starting to realize that they need to start putting more effort to improve the health of Canadians. In order to improve health there has to be policies and programs to reduce the number of people living in poverty (Williamson &Reutter 1999). Poverty can be the a result of any slight change in people lives, such as divorce, addition to the family, death of a family and economic hardship (Ivanova, 2011).. The effect of poverty and health has been known since the 19th century; however, this issue has been heighted due to the publication of a report in the United Kingdom that illustrated that people who are receiving very little income suffered a wide range of diseases (Raphael, 2011). There have been various studies that link poverty and various health related issues. Obesity, asthma, low birth weight and various psychological problems in children can be attributed to poverty (Raphael, 2011). This paper will look at the interaction between poverty and health, and it will analyse Canada poverty strategies and looks at recommendation to help eradicate poverty

Africa is one of the first countries that come to mind when you think of global poverty. Many places in Africa can be found on the global poverty list, such as Malawi, Burundi, and Madagascar. “Malawi has GDP per capita of $226.50…Holding a population of 16 million while also being of the smallest...” (“Top 10 Poorest Countries in the World-2017 List” 2017) Malawi is considered to be the weakest nation, it suffers the most. From lacking a decent education to the standards of living conditions. Burundi on another hand has a “GDP per capita of $267.10… Aside from the estimated 300,000 civilian casualties resulting in a 67 percent, poverty rate, the violent political rivalries were also detrimental to Burundi’s agricultural development.” (“Top 10 Poorest Countries in the World-2017 List” 2017) With Burundi being the second on the list of ten countries listed, they are struggling because they are lacking consistent weather and sustainable land. Last but not least, Madagascar is the sixth on the list and has a “GDP per capita of $463.00”. (“Top 10 Poorest Countries in the World-2017 List” 2017) The ability to live on the island is basically nonexistent being as they lack many of the necessities needed to live. If the poorer people feel the support of the people around them they will start being able to help themselves.

Culture is defined as “the beliefs, customs, arts, etc., of a particular society, group, place, or time”, according to Merriam-Webster (2016). Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in the world, the founding dates back as far as the 9th century B.C. The people of Ethiopia have a long history and a distinct culture. Unfortunately, Ethiopia became a place of poverty and the suffering of the people who live there. Poverty is a reality in the country, but there is much more to learn about Ethiopia. It is important to understand the differences between cultures so that we may better understand our similarities. When met with other cultures it is possible to be offensive without knowing it. Taking time to do research before traveling to new areas might allow a person to save face, and avoid offense or embarrassment when visiting foreign places. The United States military has learned these lessons when operating in foreign lands. The military often conducts extensive research into the culture and customs of the countries in which we will be operating. That research leads to individual soldier training on cultural sensitivity, and aids the soldiers when interacting with the local populace.

In India, the capital city of Delhi has a long history and has been an important political centre of India as well as several empires. (Wikipedia, 2017, May) Delhi has a population of around 18 million and it is one of the biggest metropolises city in the world, but Delhi faces a major crisis in the sector of health care as nearly half of its people live in slums and unauthorised colonies without any proper disposing of their waste. (Dhananjay, 2012, Oct 4] The purpose of this report is to find out why the slum issues remain even after many years.

The problem of slums have started because of excess migration of people from the rural areas to the urban areas and when the people who have migrated do not get proper place to settle down and live, the settlement of the slum areas (mostly in the outer parts of the city) takes place. But the settlements in these slums are not proper and lack basic facilities of sanitation, electricity, connection to the roads, proper construction of houses