Power In Iran

The government holds a crucial status to its citizens, executive branch specifically, is overlooked to symbolize leadership. Nowadays, the president’s office is believed to exemplify the values of the American people. There are certain powers allocated to the president by the United States Constitution, however; the responsibility and vacancy of the President tend to evolve from one president to the next. Characteristics of presidents and their effect on political decisions has beneficial aspects

In the two articles, Presidential Power, by Richard Neustadt and also, Paradoxes of American Presidency, by Cronin and Genovese explains the inabilities and also the powers of the President. In the first detailed article that I mentioned , Presidential Power, explains all the roles and responsibilities of being the president. It explains all the president's roles such as Chief Legislator, Chief Administrator, and Chief of Party, which are all extremely important jobs that have to be done. Presidential Power gives a clear definition of the president's duties and how powerful he really is. The president has duties and responsibilities that has to be done. I believe that the president has as much power as anyone believes he has. After studying and analyzing the two articles, Presidential Power, and Paradoxes of American Presidency, I made a conclusion that the president is a powerful man, but in no way, he is too powerful.

In this paper we will compare the formal and informal powers if the President and we will explore how and why the Presidential powers have increased over time. The history of the Presidency is an account of aggrandizement; one envisions, today, a President with far reaching power, however, when looking at the Constitution alone we find a President with significant limits. Is the President of the United States the most powerful person in the world or merely a helpless giant?

The Power of President and Congress Every four years, together with not only people from over the world but also American are more excited and eager to wait for the result of U.S. presidential candidate because they elected and believed that he will bring them a hope to maintain and improve the whole scale of economic well-being as well as national security. The president is the one who has the highest power on hand to manage, regulate and solve national and international issues; however, people seem to ignore the role of Congress. In fact, the president would not be able to run the government himself without Congress’s assistance. Especially, in term of the foreign policy, it is defined as a series of strategies chosen by the state to ensure America’s interests and to achieve goals

The [Bush] administration found it consistently difficult to get the measure of Tehran. Bush depicted it as a “nation held hostage by a small clerical elite that is repressing and isolating its people,” but the reality was far more complex. (482)

The president's main power is reflected in the appointment of principal officials, the formulation of diplomatic strategies, and the military top commanders of wartime. The president also has some legislative power, mainly because he can put forward a bill and reject it. For example, even if Congress played its role as a check-and-balance force on the president, in fact we can see that if it involves issues such as war and peace, the checks and balances of the president by the parliament or other institutions hardly interfere with or affect the president's foreign policy decision-making

The Iranians slowly settled into specific regions and began establishing their own societies. Eventually, two groups established themselves as leaders in the region. In the South, the Persians governed the area between the Caspian Sea and Persian Gulf and began establishing their own society. In the North, the Medes formed a state called Media and united themselves under one king in 710 B.C.E. Once the Medes had established the rule of a central government authority in the form of a monarchy, they began to expand into Persian territory while at the same time allying with the neighboring Babylonian Empire to overthrow the Assyrian Empire in 612

“Presidents use various means to attempt to drive public opinion and effect political change. But history has shown that they are limited in their ability to drive public opinion. Favorable conditions can help a president move policies forward. These conditions include party control of Congress and the arrival of crises such as war or economic decline” (480). In other circumstances the presidential power is limitless. While the power of the presidency is typically checked by the other two branches of government, presidents have the unencumbered power to pardon those convicted of federal crimes and to issue executive orders, which don’t require congressional approval but lack the permanence of laws passed by Congress. In matters concerning foreign policy, presidents have at their disposal the executive agreement, which is a much-easier way for two countries to come to terms than a treaty that requires Senate ratification but is also much narrower in scope”

The President was elected to run the country and therefore, has the most power of any individual. However, he cannot make a majority of the decisions alone and must make sure he keeps the approval of others in order to keep his job. The Constitution struck a fairly proper balance between empowering and limiting power of the President of the United States, but limited the power more so than empowering. Although the Constitution claimed the President as the leader of the Unites States, he is not able to single-handedly make decisions that affect our country. He is a large influence in a majority of the decisions in the government of the United States. However, he does not have complete authority over others and many of the decisions are

Allotayah Khomeini (1902-1989) came into power after the Iranian Revolution of 1979 replacing the Shah as the supreme religious leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran and was later named the political and religious leader of Iran for the rest of his life. Khomeini was able to take over due to his strong belief that Iran’s government should be returned to its traditional Islamic ways, returning it to its secular government. In the following essay I will discuss the extent of cultural and religious changes he brought to Iran during and after his reign, proving whether or not he was an effective ruler and how he changed Iran in the long run.

In exploring the basis on which the U.S President is considered to hold dominant authority in regard to foreign policy making, and whether the Congress ought to hold a significant role in the foreign decision making process, it is imperative to take into account the executive powers vested on the U.S presidency. This paper posits that the Presidency should be considered to be dominant, while at other times the Congress should be considered to be the dominant authority. In this perspective, it is essential that the Congress plays an important role in the foreign policy making process, since the most important feature of the U.S system is the division of powers.

In a presidential-system country, such as the United States, the presidential power vested by the Constitution broadly includes both foreign and

In the political system, the president is the most powerful person in the government who has to make the political decision and be the signature for the foreign countries. To be a leader of the country, the president needs suitable power to work on his duties in the government. The president has different sources of power, constitutional, institutional and political system.

Before the revolution, Shah Reza Pahlavi was the ruler of Iran. Under his leadership power was clustered and concentrated among his close allies and networks of friends and others with whom he had close relations. By 1970s, the gap between the poor and the rich was widening and huge distrust about his economic policies grew. Resentment towards his autocratic leadership grew fuelling people to dissent his regime further. Shah now was considered an authoritarian who took full control of the Iran government preventing the Iranians from expressing their opinion. The government has transformed from the traditional monarchial form of government to authoritarian with absolute authority replacing individual freedom of the Iranians. This transformation to Iranian was unacceptable because they needed to control their own affairs. They wanted self-government where they could take control as opposed to what Shah was doing. Shah was seen as a western puppet for embracing authoritarian form of government (Axworthy, 2016).

As the commander in chief, the president plays a significant role in shaping foreign policy. The president possesses the power to appoint senior cabinet members, commit troops and conduct high level talks with foreign governments. Congress, on the other hand, has the power to ratify treaties, confirm the president’s appointees and approve budgetary measures. And while the president has the ability to commit troops, only Congress has the authority to declare war. Despite criticisms of the American policy making process describing it as inefficient and slow moving, the main purpose and thus benefit of the constitutional separation of power is the framework of checks and balances that safeguard against monopolization of foreign policy decision making.