Poyuria Research Paper

Grossman and Porth (2014) define Diabetes Insipidus (DI) as a disease “caused by a deficiency of or a decreased response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)” (p. 1032). Polyuria puts the DI in diuresis, which means that excessive micturition accompanies DI. According to Bichet (2013a), polyuria is “a urine output exceeding 3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m2 in children. It must be differentiated from the more common complaints of frequency or nocturia, which are not associated with an increase in the total urine output” (Definition section, para. 1). In order to conclude a final diagnosis of DI, one must understand every aspect of the disease. This will include the pathophysiology of the phenomenon, its incidence and impact

pH is a measure of the relative amount of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution. In any collection

pH is also known as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution. A hydrogen ion is the nucleus of a hydrogen atom being split from its electron. Studying the pH of different types of soil being placed in a control group such as tap water will represent the acidity or alkalinity of the matter. The pH scale begins at 0 and goes all the way up to 14, pH 7 being its neutral point, which isn’t acidic or basic. A neutral point on the acidic scale is in the middle, anything lower than the neutral point (7), is acidic, and anything higher than the neutral point is considered basic or “alkaline”.

“Puchungi, can I watch the movie with you?” A petite five-year-old with a mop of curled golden hair, brown doe eyes, and a stuffed Mickey Mouse doll hugged tightly to her chest innocently asked, with a tilt of her head as she looked up at her big sister and cousin. The older sister and cousin shared a look before the toddler’s cousin quirked her lips in what the child would later remember being a mischievous, wicked, smirk. “Sure Puchungi.” Her cousin finally answered as she hauled the child up from the floor and on to the couch between the two older women before pressing play on the movie that would forever leave a lasting impression on the child. When I was five years old my cousin and big sister decided it would be a funny joke to let me

For my science fair project I chose to measure the pH in three different common drinks, so people could find out what they were drinking on a day to day basis. The pH scale works like this: the lower the number the more acidic it is. The higher the number the more alkaline it has in it. The scale stretches from 0-14, with 14 being very basic, 0 being very acidic, and 7 being neutral, like water.

In this experiment different pH levels ranging from 3 to 11 were used to test the effects on daphnia heart rate. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH ranging from 0 to 6 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH higher than 7 ranging from 8 to 14 is basic. PH revolves around hydrogen ions (H+). The reason pH levels can be acidic, basic, or neutral is because acids give hydrogen ions away while bases accept hydrogen ions. (Decelles, 2002).

According to American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), Acidosis is characterized by PH of 7.35 or lower [1]. Acidosis develops when the rate of H+ production exceeds the rate of H+ removal/buffering.

There are several reasons why a patient may develop ureteric calculi. These may be as a result of diet, chronic urinary tract infections (UTIs) and irregularities in anatomy, physiology or metabolism. In addition to these, certain drugs and/ or their metabolites may also give rise to ureteric stones. The most important environmental factor, however, is believed to be reduced fluid intake. Ordinarily, this will lead to decreased urinary output and a corresponding urinary increase in the solutes responsible for forming ureteric calculi. In further ureteric stone-related variations, there are differences noted between sex, age, race and

If the hydrogen ion concentration of a mixture is higher than 10-7mol/L, it is acidic, and if it is lower than it is alkaline. If it is equal to 10-7mol/L, it is considered neutral ("Hydrogen Ion Concentration and pH", 2016). There is a link between hydrogen ion concentration and the pH scale, as the pH of the solution is related to the concentration of hydrogen ions, meaning it is also related to the concentration of CO2. This is because it is possible to measure the pH of a substance and determine any change in [CO2 (aq)]. The two measurements are connected, as a concentration of hydrogen ions multiplied by ten is one unit lower on the pH scale and vice versa ("Hydrogen Ion Concentration and pH", 2016).

Was the pH level always within the “normal” range for the human body? Yes it was.

Polyuria: ‘significant urination output’ Happens with diabetics because raised BGLs it produces an osmotic diuresis ‘the increasing urination caused by foreign substances or particular substances in the tubes of the kidneys. This elimination happens when glucose come in to the tubules and can’t be reabsorbed’ thus leading to allot of fluid lost in the urine and night urination known as nocturia which leads to fatigue.

Our bodies work in incredible and various ways. Especially when our body is affected by imbalances in our pH. PH is the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood. Solutions with a high concentration of H+ have a low pH, unlike solutions with a low concentration of H+ have a high pH. The normal pH is between 7.35-7.45. Anything else that ranges either below 7.35 or above 7.45 is abnormal. With this being said, the pH tells you whether the person is in acidosis (pH < 7.35) or alkalosis (pH > 7.45). If the human body is too acidic/alakalitic, the body must expend energy to compensate for this; energy that would be better served in other areas of the body. This is known as homeostasis, a characteristic system that regulates its internal environment and tends to keep things constant. A good way of sustaining pH homeostasis is through a short term mechanism called chemical buffer system, which are bicarbonate, phosphate, and protein buffer systems. Buffer systems solution resists changes to its pH when a strong acid or base is added. Another system that manages severe changes of pH is the

Uric Acid stones precipitate under these circumstances increased urinary uric acid concentration secondary to overproduction, increased renal tubular uric acid secretion, decrease renal tubular uric acid reabsorption, decrease in the urinary volume or increased hydrogen ion concentration. Some causes include purine enzyme defects, leading to overproduction and increased uric acid concentration in the urine for example, HGPRT deficiency, PRPP synthetase overactivity and G6P deficiency. Other causes include myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders, hemolytic anemias or cytotoxic drug related causes. Lastly increased dietary purine intake, hyperuricemia, dehydration, decreased glomerular filtration and renal tubular uric acid reabsorption

* Polyuria - excretion of very large quantities of urine. Urine output can range from 2.5 liters per day to 15 liters per day, compared to about 1.5 to 2.5 liters per day in other adults without the condition.

How many of us really think about our ability to urinate, I know I never did, but for my Uncle and Cousin, they could only wish to do what comes so naturally to us. When you have kidney disease and suffer Renal failure, which is what both of my relative's had, the kidneys are unable to remove those wastes through urinating. When the kidneys no longer perform these functions adequately, wastes and excess fluid build up in the blood. Some of the warning signs of kidney disease are as follows: