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Pre Congestive Heart Failure Case Studies

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I will be discussing a clinical case of a 49-year-old patients: problems, pathophysiological changes occurring in his eyes and heart; the possibility of developing congestive heart failure (CHF); and medications of at least two antihypertensive drugs.

It appears that Dr. Ally’s problems first began 12 years ago when he was diagnosed with essential hypertension, but has been untreated for a year. Later Dr. Ally experienced dyspnea then epistaxis followed by dizziness and a blurry vision. His blood pressure was 180/110. Upon auscultation rales or crackles were found on his chest. Some indications appear as Dr. Ally could have pre-congestive heart failure (CHF).

The pathophysiological changes occurring in his eyes appear to be hypertensive

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