Pre-workout Supplements
Junior Seminar Paper
Pre-workout supplements are a newer category of products that are designed to increase workout intensity and energy. These products are being used by millions of athletes today, and there have been a lot of questions raised about the long-term effects of them. There are a lot of different brands in this industry, but most of the products contain the same main ingredients: Creatine, nitric oxide, vitamin B, and caffeine. There has been quite a bit of research done on these ingredients individually, but together they have not been studied very much, which is why a lot of athletes avoid them. Another problem with these products is that athletes are becoming
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The effects in younger athletes are questioned because the arteries cannot release an unlimited supply of nitric oxide, so consuming more than normal may not have any benefits at all. Additionally, taking too much Nitric Oxide, even if prescribed by a doctor for a cardiovascular issue, can lead to hypotension- low blood pressure (Side Effects). For this reason and questions of whether or not it is beneficial to younger age groups, many athletes choose pre-workouts that do not contain Nitric Oxide.
Caffeine is a huge component in pre-workout supplements, and is probably the one ingredient that is most controversial. Chemically, caffeine does promote alertness and focus, but the long-term effects and other side effects are what scare most people away from taking additional caffeine to what many people already take on a daily basis. When someone gets tired, it is because of a chemical called adenosine. Adenosine builds up in the brain whenever you are awake, and it binds to adenosine receptors on brain cells. The binding of adenosine causes drowsiness by slowing down nerve cell activity. To a nerve cell, caffeine looks just like adenosine, so caffeine is able to bind to the adenosine receptors in your brain. However, caffeine does not slow down the cell’s activity like adenosine would. The cell cannot “see” adenosine anymore because caffeine is taking up all the receptors adenosine binds to,
Luckily, we’ve done the hard work for you and compiled our top five pre-workout supplements. This means you can eliminate the guesswork and finally find the right formula for your needs. There’s something here for everyone. Whether you want to push your power through the roof, unlock extra energy levels, improve your focus, or just need an effective, great-tasting supplement that doesn’t break the bank, we’ve got you covered.
Right now, caffeine seems like it has nothing to do with your sleep cycle. But it actually has a lot to do with it. Caffeine and adenosine have identical binding structures (show nitrogen rings) which means when you drink coffee, caffeine binds to those adenosine receptors and stays there. But because caffeine has no effect on your neurons it just stays there taking up space. Well, then what’s the problem? Because caffeine is taking up the receptors which are meant to bind with adenosine, adenosine
Caffeine’s mental appeal is just as trendy as its physical purpose. Caffeine has been proven to stimulate the central nervous system. Caffeine stimulates the Central Nervous System at high levels, like the medulla and cortex, and even has the ability to reach the spinal cord in larger doses. The effect of caffeine in the cortex is a clearer thought process and also can rid the body of fatigue. This gives people a greater ability of concentration for 1-3 hours. For athletes competing in sports where quick thinking and rapid reactions are necessary, caffeine can provide a huge edge. However, these results are much more inconsistent than the experiments done on caffeine in endurance sports. (http://www.garynull.com/Documents/CaffeineEffects.htm)
Caffeine is a natural central nervous system stimulant. It is considered a drug that if is overly consumed can be dangerous for one’s body. Caffeine is a temporary energy booster that improves mood and alertness for most people, mainly athletes. It can be an eye-opener in the morning, could be drunk or eaten on practice brakes, and for some, it just became a habit that they cannot go through a day without a cup of coffee before exiting their doorways. Furthermore, it requires good health and stamina for athletes to perform throughout the game, particularly the one in teams,
Creatine is one of the primary things an athlete will do to put supplements into their body. These supplements range from protein shakes to illegal anabolic steroids. Some sports supplements are incredibly safe and effective, yet others work for a while and then fizzle out, while others still work well but do more damage than good in the long run. In the past athletes had to turn to such things as anabolic steroids or blood doping (the process of taking out blood and adding oxygen to it and putting it back into your body in order to increase a persons endurance). However, these procedures have many drawbacks. Mainly, they are illegal. An athlete may be suspended from playing their perspective
Creatine (Cr) is a popular dietary supplement used by athletes to increase sports performance, muscle mass, and strength. Creatine was first discovered in “1835, when a French scientist reported finding this constituent of meat” (Demant & Rhodes, 1999). This organic compound is manufactured endogenously by the liver and kidneys “from the amino acids glycine, arginine and methionine” for energy stipulation during muscular contraction. (Arazi, Rahmaninia, Hoseini, & Asadi, 2011). Creatine is either converted into free form Cr or phosphorylated form as known as creatine phosphate (CP). The endogenous production and exogenous consumption of Cr yields about 1 gram a day for the average person (Cooper, Naclerio, Allfrove , & Jimenez, 2012). In
From a very early age sports are introduced upon both young boys and girls. Although it begins with sportsmanship and teamwork, it begins to evolve into new objectives when these young athletes enter high school. In fact, high school sports are vastly different. Your mind is trained to obliterate the opponent and win at all costs. This mentality can often lead many young athletes to turn to supplements to assist in muscle building. The most common supplement in use currently is Creatine. While athletic departments and sports nutrition stores claim that it is harmless, why do so many high school athletes end up with severe muscular and pulmonary damage? The answer has yet to be clearly
The evidence I will provide is strictly scientific, the information comes from the Journal of Sports Nutrition. The article is written by Richard B. Kreider, Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory Department of Human Movement Sciences and Education The University of Memphis. The author has many credentials, such as his testing of finding the effects of six weeks of creatine monohydrate supplementation in male and female track athletes, which can be found in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning. All of his research is peer reviewed.
Caffeine is a substance found in coffee, tea and most sodas. When it is consumed, it is a mild stimulant. The energy drink, Monster, contains caffeine, which has the ability to manipulate adenosine (adrenaline), a substance present in the brain that is used to transmit brain signals to different parts of the body. Adenosine causes an increase in alertness and awareness. Modern studies show that there is direct benefits of the so-called “caffeine kick” that is experienced by drinkers.
Results: Surveys were obtained from 93% of eight hundred six eligible athletes. Overall, 68% of athletes had heard of creatine and 28% reported using it. Forty-eight percent of men reported having used creatine as compared with 4% of women. With two exceptions, the all men's teams had at least 30% of athletes who reported a history of creatine use. Of athletes that had used creatine, about one-third had first used it in high school. Friends and teammates were the most common sources of creatine information. Increased strength and muscle size were the most common effects the athletes expected and perceived from creatine use.
Supplements are extremely helpful performance boosters for the pre workout sessions and they're intended to supplement a healthy, balanced diet for an enhanced performance benefitting the pre-workout
Anabolic steroids increase the body’s ability to retain nitrogen. By allowing for better utilization of the nitrogen in ingested protein, anabolic steroids help athletes to build body mass (http://www.hcs.harvard.edu/~hsr/hsr/winter97/steroid.html). In order for an athlete to accumulate extra muscle mass, his or her body must temporarily be in a state of positive nitrogen balance; more nitrogen must come into the body than is lost. During strenuous exercise, the release of glucocorticosteroids creates a negative nitrogen balance in the body. Anabolic steroids can reverse this
It is sold over the counter and is used to help the muscles release energy. Side effects of creatine are stomach and muscle cramps, nausea, weight gain, and in high-doses liver and kidney damage. Stimulants increase heart rate and blood pressure and are taken to improve endurance, reduce fatigue, and increase alertness. The consequences of this drug include stroke, dehydration, convulsions, heart attack, and heart palpitations. There Are a lot more kind of performance drugs that sports players use, but these are some of them.In my opinion, I don’t think people, sports players should use them. They don’t always bring a positive effect. Things that can happen to men: Prominent breasts, Baldness, Shrunken testicles, Infertility, Impotence, Prostate gland enlargement. Things that can happen to women: deeper voice, an enlarged clitoris, Increased body hair, Baldness, Infrequent or absent periods. Both might experience: Severe acne, Increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture, Liverabnormalities and tumors, Increased, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Decreased high-density, lipoprotein cholesterol, High blood pressure (hypertension), Heart and
The scene is set. It is 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, and the final heat of the Olympics is about to commence. The sprinters have been training their entire lives for the opportunity at hand, and the outcome of the most important event of their lives is going to come down to mere milliseconds. With a gold medal on the line, these athletes will be looking for any advantage they can get, whether big or small. One direction these athletes turn for an advantage is supplements. Supplements have emerged as a way for athletes to increase their performance, yet their use is very controversial. Supplements, varying from simple multivitamins to complex chemical supplements, are used by almost every athlete, whether recreational or professional,
Maughan, R. J., Owen, J. H., Shirreffs, S. M., & Leiper, J. B. (1994). Post-exercise rehydration in man: effects of electrolyte addition to ingested fluids. European journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology, 69(3), 209-215.