Predictive Policing: Theories On How To Prevent Crime

Beginning in the 1990’s, crime numbers began to fall and and there are many explanations for the decrease in crime. To begin, the police began using new catching approaches by changing aspects such as an increase in enforcement of nuisance activities. Additionally, they began to invest in their technology and started to identify crime hot spots. The hot spots are where crime is found most often but never recognized.

I think predictive policing and using analytics to analyze crime data is going to be a part of the way that policing is done. I think it would be absurd for police departments to not use the data that they possess to reduce crime. Any paranoia of the situation turning into the Minority Report is absurd. However, I hold some reservations about the software. Moving forward, what’s relevant is the way the software is deployed. Police officers must be trained to use

In countless areas there are higher crime rates, and often specific locations stand out and require additional services. Police agencies have spent years trying to find the perfect technique for equally distributing effected resources to advance hot spots. The Mabry agency which is in Harmony, Florida is no different, since their crime rates are on the rise. Which is why we are implementing a new policing program that involves hot spots, and a planned outcome evaluation. The purpose for using hot spot policing in the town of Mabry is to simply cut down the amount of crime in those hot spot areas and the surrounding areas, by adding additional patrol vehicles and officers. This strategy is based on programs such as the broken windows

The Smart Policing Initiative is an organization which goal is to make policing in America the most “effective, efficient and economical” by finding the tactics and strategies that work the best in the field. SPI

Ratcliffe sampled more than 200 foot patrol officers and used Geographic information systems (GIS) to create randomized controls for crime hotspots. Previous studies had lacked this GIS technology which could be a reason for different results. Results showed significant reduction of violent crime in experimental group after 12 weeks, and when compared to control group there was 53 violent crimes that were prevented. Contradicting

Hot spots policing involves deploying officers to patrol very specific areas within their jurisdiction that have seen a very high amount of concentrated crime (Lum, Nagin, 2016). The idea of hot spots policing came about “from a striking empirical regularity uncovered by Sherman, Gartin, and Buerger (1989) when they found that only 3 percent of addresses and intersections (“places”) in Minneapolis, Minnesota. produced 50 percent of all calls to the police” (Lum, Nagin; 2016). There were a few other astounding statistics that were seen in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1989. All robberies were reported in only 2.2% of places. All rapes were reported in only 1.2% of places, and all auto thefts were reported at 2.7% of all places (SOURCE).

Hot Spot policing is highly effective, and many police leaders use the term to describe their policing strategy (Telep and Weisburd,

When it comes to policing and the hot spot techniques used by law enforcement usually focus on smaller areas usually in urban areas where crime is to be higher. Researchers have found that most urban police departments use computers to map crime verses manpower of actually police monitoring. Alone with some critics, I agree that this approach is unethical resulting in discriminatory practices with law enforcement which simply targets black communities (Rosenfeld, n.d.). But we have to look at a different side to the method; some feel that it is very effective in terms of making a community safer, and also creating better education and recreational services with the neighborhood,. Some researchers believe that the hot spot method is a good

Mohler does not intend that the hot spot program predict crimes but rather “make patrols more efficient” (Thompson, 2011), an element that grows increasingly important as the SCPD and other police departments face shrinking budgets. Supports of PredPol consider the program a success; in Santa Cruz, the SCPD reported assaults, burglaries and robberies falling by 9%, 11% and 27% respectively in the first year (Bachner, 2013).

“Sir, please come with me, we deny your access to this building based on the data we received, and we need you to go through an interrogation with us.” How would a person react if he/she is suspected to commit a crime? How would that person feel if the police just randomly show up and ask for the intention of whatever that makes him/her suspicious? This is what will happen, frequently, if artificial neural networks are used as a mean for predictive policing. First, just to clarify, predictive policing is seeking to prevent future harm and reduce crime rates by analyzing information and patrolling areas based on the result. The police are able to predict when, where, and what crime is likely to happen with the help of this emerging

When an area has been identified as a “hot spot” law enforcement has a multitude of options to begin the corrective steps in the area. An experiment conducted in 2012 in Jacksonville, Florida by Bruce G. Taylor, Christopher S. Koper, and Daniel J. Wood was the first study to compare different hot spot enforcements techniques or applications in one study. One hot spot area received a more standard heavy presence of marked patrol cars otherwise known as a saturation detail and the other area was exposed to a problem-oriented policing technique

According to McGarrell et al. (2001), earlier studies suggested that directed police attention to high crime areas or to specific crime types can lead to crime reductions. Studies such as this has supported the concept that the most serious crime should be first priority, however the most serious crimes are what tend to use up a lot of the resources that law enforcement officers use. Wells (2012) focused on the impacts of firearms crime. The study indicated that police can affect serious crimes by targeting firearms that are illegally possessed and carried, relatively small amounts of gun seizures generated meaningful results. With a focus on high crime areas, the more serious crimes are easily targeted and resources will be

Worrall says, “many actual or potential offenders do not perceive police patrol as a meaningful threat.” Which it makes it hard to see if this function will have effect but it can keep some criminals

Potentially be a cost saving technique to preventing crime and reduce violence and crime rates in the community.

arrange more police on the street might be a suitable option. Many researchers found this solution lead to the steady decline of crime rate (Ratcliffe et al, 2011). However, the expensive cost might limit the scale of this method. Correctional education is also an effectively solution of offender but take a long time. A combined system of hotspot policing and prison education may be possible if care is reducing crime rate.