Preeclampsia Case Study Essay

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Vital Signs. TEMPERATURE: 101.0, Blood Pressure- 127/179, Heart Rate-129, Respirations- 185, Weight-215. Situations 96% on room air. Pain Scale- 8/10. HEENT-Normal cephalic, atrumatic pupils equally round and reactive to light. Extra ocular motions intact. ORAL: Shows oral pharynx clear but slightly dry mucosal membranes. TMS: Clear. NECK: Supple, No thrangegally or JVD. No cervical, subclavicular, axilarry or lingual lymphinalpathy.

Another complication could be pre eclampsia, this is a medical condition that presents itself with high blood pressure, protein in urine and

of 116 bpm, respiratory rate of 18 breaths/min, and blood pressure of 86/54 mm Hg. The

pulse is 110. At this time, her respirations are 26, her SaO2 is 97%, and her

Ht: 62”, Weight: 134 pounds, BMI: 24.5 Temp 98.4 BP 128/90 P 76 R18, even. The Oxygen saturation 98%.

Baseline observations are recorded as part of an admission assessment and documented on the patients observation chart. The vital signs include temperature, respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pain level and the level of consciousness. The

Two wide bore cannula, were inserted and a full set of bloods was taken including blood cultures. 15 litres O2 via a rebreather mask was applied. Intravenous fluids were commenced and rapidly infused. An ECG was done by the intern. She was checked and rechecked for any signs of bleeding and an internal examine was done by the consultant to check for any retained products. Intravenous antibiotics were also started and given. All drugs such as anaesthetic drugs or analgesia that Susan had been given that day were also checked to see if it had been an adverse reaction. Over the next 40 minutes she began to improve and was transferred to the labour ward for closer observation.

12/16/15 Progress Report indicated that the patient wakes up with headaches. She mentioned headache in the frontal vertex or temporal occipital areas. She also feels imbalance. She denies bruxism and has no significant neck symptoms. She reported having some minor neck tightness. She was being treated with acupuncture 2 X per week and craniosacral therapy 2 X per week. She noted that she was able to read better in the past two weeks. She had difficulty scanning a written page in the past. She also mentioned that her insomnia has slightly improved since initiating these 2 therapies. Physical exam showed no palpable spasms in her cervical region over her muscles of mastication. Cervical range of motion: backward flexion 70 degrees and forward flexion 60 degrees. She was able to turn 60 degrees to each side. She is able to tilt 40 degrees to other side. Comments: Based on the absence of objective findings, she has reached a medical end result with no need for any further treatment. No additional treatment or diagnostic testing is

The main reason that the incidence has remained static is that there has been no clear definition of the chain of events that result in pre-term birth. Without an understanding of how it happens, there can be no way of stopping the process, and further, of stopping the process once it has begun being that there is no way of knowing exactly at what stage it is. There has recently been a strong theory proposed which needs to be given more attention, the prostaglandin theory. Briefly, pro-inflammatory cytokines and other immunomodulatory proteins produced by either overt or sub-clinical infection stimulate prostaglandin synthesis and release. This ultimately induces the synthesis and release of metalloproteases, which bring on cervical ripening and membrane weakening and rupture. 4 The increased survival rate with a static incidence means that there are more people with problems in society, more NICU’s being filled, more families are having to learn to live with someone that is handicapped, more problems arise with health care funding as more people have chronic health problems, and with a little creativity and a careful eye, the rest of this paper could be a list of the problems that are arising. Some known morbidities of preterm birth include Cerebral Palsy, ADHD, growth retardation, respiratory distress syndrom, decreased cognitive ability, decreased academic skills, decreased visual and gross motor

Vital signs: Blood Ppressure: 120/78 mmHg, Hheart Rrate: 92 beats/min, Rrespirations: rate 15 breaths/min, O2 Soxygen saturation: 97% on room air

As woman age, they will find that pregnancy can be extra hard on the body, causing health issues such as high blood pressure, with some woman developing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-induced hypertension disorder which affects both mother and fetus poses the real possibility of impacting renal function along with the development of HELLP syndrome. When a woman develops this HELLP syndrome they are a risk of hemolysis; the breakdown of red blood cells, elevated liver enzymes, and low plate count putting her a greater risk of complications that cause death (Preeclampsia Foundation, pg1). The only known way to cure this disorder is to deliver the baby and placenta, even if the baby is premature because not only can this kill the mother, but it has repercussions for the fetus as well. When it comes to the fetus, preeclampsia causes an inadequate nutrition supply because of the insufficiency of the placenta to regulate how the fetus gets its nutrients, which can lead to growth retardation and further heath compilations later in life (Lapidus MD,

After a few days the headache had returned along with a few new symptoms. She was experiencing neck pain with the headache and feeling unbalanced. She made an appointment with her PCP. Her PCP ordered a battery of test, compiled a patient history, and treated her symptoms until further information was obtained. Tests ordered were as follows: CBC, Chem 16, and UA. All tests were within normal range. However, the symptoms were still present and the patient was not improving.

Preeclampsia clinically diagnosed by onset of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation with the presence of proteinuria, impaired liver and kidney function and hematological complications. Because Preeclampsia characterized by a series of symptoms it can be referred as HELLP syndrome, in which H stands for hemolysis, EL stands for elevated liver enzyme and LP stands for low platelets count. (Turner K & Hammed AB,

The sign and symptoms of PPH include; the apparent excessive bleeding, hematocrit-reduction of the number of red blood cells, reduced blood pressure, development of symptoms of shock and anaemia, and severe pain and swelling of tissues and muscles of the vagina, vulva, pelvic and perineum (Simpson & Creehan, 2008). Besides, Ricci & Kyle (2009) avow that there are different factors that place a mother at risk for PPH, and they comprise; prolonged first, second or third stage of labour, previous history of PPH, foetal macrosomia, uterine infection, arrest of descent and multiple gestation. Other risk factors may include; mediolateral episiotomy, coagulation abnormalities, maternal hypertension, maternal exhaustion, malnutrition or anaemia, preeclampsia, precipitous birth, polyhydramnios and previous placenta previa (Ricci & Kyle, 2009).

•Long-term problems associated with eclampsia is high blood pressure if the eclampsia is not treated early on during the