Preeclampsia and Its Effects on Physiology Cardiovascular System During Pregnancy

eclampsia in a pregnant woman can put her and her unborn child at risk. A risk

And it is caused by great psychological stress. Hypertension affects the mother and child during pregnancy, and the medicine that doctors ask women to take for depression, while pregnant can increase the negative effects of hypertension. The hypertension can cause preeclampsia, which can lead to severe damage to you and your child. Once you have preeclampsia you must deliver your baby right than. Hypertension can also affect the child too, it can affect the newborn's heart, and lungs. Newborns coming outside of the womb actually have to be put on immediate care. The child you were carrying for 9 months will be put on immediate care because of the mediation you took while you were pregnant. While possibly curing the mother's depression, it can lead to other negative effects along the

As woman age, they will find that pregnancy can be extra hard on the body, causing health issues such as high blood pressure, with some woman developing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-induced hypertension disorder which affects both mother and fetus poses the real possibility of impacting renal function along with the development of HELLP syndrome. When a woman develops this HELLP syndrome they are a risk of hemolysis; the breakdown of red blood cells, elevated liver enzymes, and low plate count putting her a greater risk of complications that cause death (Preeclampsia Foundation, pg1). The only known way to cure this disorder is to deliver the baby and placenta, even if the baby is premature because not only can this kill the mother, but it has repercussions for the fetus as well. When it comes to the fetus, preeclampsia causes an inadequate nutrition supply because of the insufficiency of the placenta to regulate how the fetus gets its nutrients, which can lead to growth retardation and further heath compilations later in life (Lapidus MD,

My prenatal development was normal. There were not any concerns or worries about my development. My mom had a fairly normal pregnancy other than preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a medical condition in women who have not experienced high blood pressure, and developed in during a pregnancy (Preeclampsia and Eclampsia, 2016). High protein levels in urine and swelling of the hands, legs and feet are other symptoms of preeclampsia. My mom had an ultrasound at fourteen weeks. She did not have any other testing like an amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. It was unnecessary.

HELLP Syndrome, an acronym that stands for Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes, and Low Platelets. HELLP Syndrome is a serious pregnancy complication that is life threatening. It is related to a health condition called preeclampsia, which is caused by pregnancy induced hypertension. According to the Preeclampsia Foundation (2010) worldwide, preeclampsia and other hypertensive disorders such as HELLP Syndrome, or eclampsia are a leading cause of maternal and infant death and illness. It is estimated that these

To get even more specific, a study was done about the sole issue of the number of stillbirths that result in diabetic pregnancies. Using pregnancies from 1990-2000, researchers analyzed characteristics of the pregnancy: the mother, her control over her diabetes, the pregnancy itself, and the still born. Looking through 1300 women, 25 stillbirths were found among 22 women. Within those stillbirths, 9 were caused by poor glycemic control, with the rest due to explainable (smoking, poor environment, diabetic nephropathy etc) or unexplainable causes.

A variation of the protein called sFlt-1 can soon enter the mother’s bloodstream and it could cause damage to the mother’s blood vessels and eventually leads to high blood pressure of the mother. But the faulty gene cannot be the only cause preeclampsia, but it does increase the risk of the disorder by 20%. There are several other risk factors that have a much stronger chance of causing preeclampsia, including having high blood pressure before the pregnancy, a previous history of preeclampsia, or carrying twins. Anath Karumuchi, a vascular biologist who also researchers the cause of preeclampsia, but was not involved in this study, says the genetic results aren’t so strong to say the gene is always the cause of

Pre-eclampsia is a condition that only pregnant women develop. It is when the placenta doesn’t work in the way it should. In the womb, an infant survives because of the placenta. It provides the infant with much needed nutrients and oxygenation. The condition makes the placenta only give nutrients to the brain and heart, and depletes the needed nutrients to the rest of the infant’s organs (First Candle). This results in the infant’s demise. The most common signs that a woman has developed it is high blood pressure and high levels of the electrolyte protein in her urine. In addition to those symptoms, the mother’s hands, feet and legs will exhibit signs of swelling. Pre-eclampsia develops into eclampsia when it is undiagnosed. There is no cure for pre-eclampsia and that is why it is so dangerous. Usually when a woman is diagnosed with the

“Eclampsia is a condition that causes a pregnant woman, usually previously diagnosed with preeclampsia (high blood pressure and protein in the urine), to develop seizures or coma.” (Eclampsia Early Signs & Symptoms, Postpartum, and Treatments). When Eclampsia begins to occur this leads to preterm labor. After 37 weeks, it’s okay for a mother to have her newborn baby. However, preterm labor drags on the labor process. This begins to make the whole process difficult and more dangerous. The infant could potentially be developing lung and breathing problems. “Preterm birth is the most common cause of infant death and is the leading cause of long-term disability related to the nervous system in children.” (Preterm Labor and Birth: Overview). The nervous system controls your brain. This system is able to tell you when to move, when to blink, when to touch and a lot more different things. The fetal nervous system is one of the first system that is developed, that’s why it is so important that these health problems are aware of as soon as possible. Infant mortality is also very common in Eclampsia. “Infant mortality refers to deaths of young children, typically those less than one year of age. It is measured by the infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births.” (Infant

Kate has a low blood pressure of 90/50. Decreased blood pressure is a normal finding during the early pregnancy. It is related to vasodilation caused by hormonal changes (Macdonald-Wallis, 2015). At the same time, the patient’s low blood pressure could indicate the volume loss related to vaginal bleeding; therefore, further investigation is required. Kate’s heart rate is increased up to 105 bpm. Increased heart rate could be a compensation for decreased cardiac output related to decreased stroke volume caused by bleeding. At the same time, according to the admission note, Kate “is frantic”; therefore, increased heart rate could be related to the patient’s agitation caused by uncertainty, pain, and fear to loose the baby. The patient’s increased respiratory rate of 22 may indicate the body’s attempt to compensate for poor tissue perfusion related to low hemoglobin level, and decreased volume caused by blood loss. Increased respiratory rate could also be related to the patient’s anxiety. Sharp lower abdominal pain along with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy may indicate spontaneous abortion or ectopic pregnancy (Dogra et al., 2005). According to CTAS Implementation Guidelines, patients with moderate vaginal bleeding and low blood pressure in early pregnancy fall under Level II Emergent category and should be reassessed within 15

For most women, pregnancy is one of the happiest moments of their life, as you never anticipate on having any complications or life threatening disorders. Preeclampsia has been one of the most common disorders to affect women during pregnancy; approximately 70% of women diagnosed with hypertension during pregnancy will have gestational hypertension-preeclampsia (Sibai B M). Although a lot of women are not aware of what it is, or the risk associated with it. Preeclampsia is a disorder associated with hypertension (high blood pressure) and proteinuria (protein in the urine), its a disorder that cannot be cured; however, it can be treated if diagnose on time.

This condition is also called toxemia or pregnancy induced hypertension -PHI. and can occurs earlier than twenty week. There is no conclusive study to identify a single cause of preeclampsia, but there are some causes associated with the condition such as genetic factors, diet, blood vessel problems, autoimmune disorders, as well as being pregnant over the age of thirty -five or early teens, being pregnant with multiple fetuses, obese, history of high blood pressure., diabetes, and kidney disorder. Some of the signs and symptoms are persistent headache, abnormal swelling in the hands and face, weight gain, and changes in vision (Pears et al.,

Preeclampsia is a serious hypertensive disorder during pregnancy that affects 2-8% of all pregnant women. Preeclampsia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the maternal and neonatal population (Heidrich, Wenzel, Kaisenberg, Schippert, & Versen-Hoynck, 2013). Preeclampsia is the second leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide resulting in about 76,000 maternal deaths each year. Preeclampsia progressing to eclampsia is responsible for 10 to 15% of all maternal deaths (Salam, Das, Ali, Bhaumik, & Lassi, 2015).

Hypertension which is characteristic in preeclampsia has been linked to severe vasospasm as a result of marked increase in vascular reactivity as a result of excessive inflammation from the released cytokines, and endothelial dysfunction (Ref). Failure of normal vasodilatation in patients with preeclampsia result in lower intravascular volumes with less tolerance to blood loss associated with delivery, and generalised body oedema with sudden weight gain in pregnancy which are not evident in this patient (Ref).

There is no definitive cause of preeclampsia, but the pathophysiology is distinct. The main pathogenic factor is poor perfusion as a result of arteriolar vasospasm. Function in organs such as the placenta, liver, brain, and kidneys can be depressed as much as 40 to 60%. As fluid shifts out of the intravascular compartment, a decrease in plasma volume and subsequent increase in hematocrit is seen. The edema of preeclampsia is generalized. Virtually all organ systems are affected by this disease, and the mother and fetus suffer increasing risk as the disease progresses.