Pregnancy Complications: Gestational Hypertension Essay

Physiological changes occurring in Amber’s body are happening in her gastrointestinal, urinary, respiratory and cardiovascular system. She is feeling sick because of the increased hCG, progesterone and estrogen levels. Her story is only until her 11th week of her pregnancy, but she may feel many symptoms throughout the rest of her pregnancy if it is not aborted. Those symptoms could be increased urination because the kidneys are disposing of fetal metabolic waste as well as her own. Blood volume also rises to help accommodate the fetus’ needs (Marieb & Hoehn 2013).

The main purpose of this article is to see what factors can contribute to the risk of induced Hypertension and Preeclampsia during a pregnancy. This article states that Preeclampsia and Hypertension can cause maternal morbidity. In this article they assess the exposure to chemicals or a physically demanding workload to the cause of a hypertensive disorder during a pregnancy.

Another complication could be pre eclampsia, this is a medical condition that presents itself with high blood pressure, protein in urine and

And it is caused by great psychological stress. Hypertension affects the mother and child during pregnancy, and the medicine that doctors ask women to take for depression, while pregnant can increase the negative effects of hypertension. The hypertension can cause preeclampsia, which can lead to severe damage to you and your child. Once you have preeclampsia you must deliver your baby right than. Hypertension can also affect the child too, it can affect the newborn's heart, and lungs. Newborns coming outside of the womb actually have to be put on immediate care. The child you were carrying for 9 months will be put on immediate care because of the mediation you took while you were pregnant. While possibly curing the mother's depression, it can lead to other negative effects along the

As woman age, they will find that pregnancy can be extra hard on the body, causing health issues such as high blood pressure, with some woman developing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-induced hypertension disorder which affects both mother and fetus poses the real possibility of impacting renal function along with the development of HELLP syndrome. When a woman develops this HELLP syndrome they are a risk of hemolysis; the breakdown of red blood cells, elevated liver enzymes, and low plate count putting her a greater risk of complications that cause death (Preeclampsia Foundation, pg1). The only known way to cure this disorder is to deliver the baby and placenta, even if the baby is premature because not only can this kill the mother, but it has repercussions for the fetus as well. When it comes to the fetus, preeclampsia causes an inadequate nutrition supply because of the insufficiency of the placenta to regulate how the fetus gets its nutrients, which can lead to growth retardation and further heath compilations later in life (Lapidus MD,

Gestational diabetes, which is much less common, only occurs during pregnancy and is caused by a resistance to the actions of insulin brought on by the hormones a woman’s body releases during pregnancy (WHO 2011, p. 2). Once diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus you are at a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life (Zimmet & Magliano 2011). For this reason it is particularly important to use preventative measures and consistent health checks.

Gestational diabetes, affecting approximately 3-10% of pregnancies, is diagnosed by hyperglycemia during pregnancy in women without a history of diabetes. The underlying cause of gestational diabetes remains unknown, although the interference of pregnancy hormones, such as human placental lactogen, with susceptible insulin receptors, has been considered. The patients usually have few symptoms, and they are often diagnosed by screening during routine pregnancy check-up. For the mother, glucose intolerance typically disappears after the baby is born. However, gestational diabetes often places the body at risk. Babies born to mothers with poor hyperglycemia control are often at increased risk of series problems including macrosomia, which associates with a high chance of C-section, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia after birth, polycythemia as well as multiple chemical disorders.

If there are simple sugars in the urine, this means that there is a possibility the patient has diabetes because diabetes disrupts the body's ability to process glucose, a simple sugar leading there to be high levels of glucose on the body and the urine as it cannot be proccessed. As there are simple sugars in Jane's urine, Jane most likely has diabetes. Preeclampsia affects women who are pregnant, and pregnant women who have diabetes mellitus are more likely to have Preeclampsia as diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for Preeclampsia. Additionally, both the simple sugar and glucose test came back positive, as glucose is a simple sugar. It became obvious that there must be glucose in the urine, which only occurs when there are excess levels of glucose in the body and the kidney releases partial amounts into the urine. The high glucose levels in the body and the discovery of glucose in the urine suggests that Jane has diabetes mellitus, which is a risk factor for

It is defined as an increase in blood glucose levels diagnosed during the pregnancy and induced by the pregnancy. The hormones secreted by the placenta lead to the development of an insulin resistant state which is more pronounced during the last three months of the pregnancy. If uncontrolled, it can lead to abnormalities and complications in both the mother and the baby. It can lead to malformation of the heart/kidneys of the baby, low birth weight or even a large baby

Thank you for the opportunity to participate in the care of Ms. Katie Greene, who as you know is a 21yo female, G3 P2002, currently at 30 weeks 1 day EGA with a pregnancy complicated by maternal history of chronic HTN for which she remains on labetalol 100 mg b.i.d. and her BP appears well-controlled on today’s visit and maternal obesity with a prepregnancy BMI of > 47.

Gestational Diabetes: This is often found in pregnant women who have never had an incidence of high blood sugar or a history of diabetes. It is characterized by high levels of blood glucose during pregnancy but normal blood glucose levels after pregnancy if controlled right (WHO,

Preeclampsia clinically diagnosed by onset of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation with the presence of proteinuria, impaired liver and kidney function and hematological complications. Because Preeclampsia characterized by a series of symptoms it can be referred as HELLP syndrome, in which H stands for hemolysis, EL stands for elevated liver enzyme and LP stands for low platelets count. (Turner K & Hammed AB,

With gestational diabetes it is glucose intolerance during pregnancy in a woman not previously diagnosed with diabetes. It may occur if placental hormones counteract insulin, causing insulin resistance.

The sign and symptoms of PPH include; the apparent excessive bleeding, hematocrit-reduction of the number of red blood cells, reduced blood pressure, development of symptoms of shock and anaemia, and severe pain and swelling of tissues and muscles of the vagina, vulva, pelvic and perineum (Simpson & Creehan, 2008). Besides, Ricci & Kyle (2009) avow that there are different factors that place a mother at risk for PPH, and they comprise; prolonged first, second or third stage of labour, previous history of PPH, foetal macrosomia, uterine infection, arrest of descent and multiple gestation. Other risk factors may include; mediolateral episiotomy, coagulation abnormalities, maternal hypertension, maternal exhaustion, malnutrition or anaemia, preeclampsia, precipitous birth, polyhydramnios and previous placenta previa (Ricci & Kyle, 2009).

•Eclampsia is a condition in which convulsions occur in a pregnant woman suffering from high blood pressure, normally followed by a coma and posing a threat to the health of mother and the baby.