Pregnancy Long Case Is A 44 Year Old Woman Who Presents

Reproductive cloning is similar to IVF because it also brings embryo into existence. This potential infertility treatment involves the creation of embryo using the genetic material of the parent. This is done by extracting nucleus from the person’s somatic cell and transfer into an oocyte through somatic cell nuclear transfer. Thus, the processed oocyte

embryos that are destined to be discarded in the course of IVF procedures and making them

She began taking birth control at age 21 and discontinued the use after she was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 45. It wasn’t a consistent use, as there were a couple of births and one miscarriage during that time frame. One of the main reasons she stopped using birth control once she got diagnosed was because her tumor was being fueled by the estrogen in the birth control medication. This was confirmed by the lab results that she got back for ERA (Estrogen) and PRA (Progesterone). ERA and PRA receptors were the two factors that her doctors needed to review and determine what was actually feeding the tumors.

Many couples hope of one day having the “American Dream.” A little house in a nice neighborhood with a white picket fence, a dog, and children playing in the yard. Sadly, this dream is not as easy to obtain for some as it is for others. 1 out of every 6 couples experience difficulty with fertility; however, not all hope is lost. The medical field offers several different options for those experiencing the pains of infertility such as IUI and IVF. For some, adoption seems to be the best, or only option, to form the precious family that they have always dreamed of having. Most people are familiar with the traditional adoption process, but few have heard of embryo adoption. Embryo adoption proves to be a great alternative to IUI, IVF, or traditional adoption for couples wanting to have a baby.

IVF is an advanced reproductive technology that might seem intimidating, but our nurses and embryologists are available to explain the basics of this family-building method.

Lynn K. is a 31-year-old Caucasian female G1P0 presents at 25 wga for a prenatal visit. She does not take her prenatal vitamins every day because they make her feel very nauseous and has experienced morning sickness throughout her pregnancy. She states that she feels fatigued very easily and describes feeling short of breath when carrying out simple tasks around the house. She began feeling this way approximately four weeks ago, and attributed it to “normal pregnancy symptoms.” Recently, she began noticing occasional lightheadedness and dizziness. The patient’s history indicates that she has suffered heavy periods prior to her pregnancy.

Current Obstetric & Gynecologic Diagnosis & Treatment-Ninth Ed. DeCherney, Alan H., et al, Ch. 33.

“The process of egg cell donation is time-consuming, uncomfortable and even painful, requires surgery, and carries a multitude of risks, complications, and side effects.” (Chapter Preface)

Embryo adoption also known as embryo donation is a one of a kind thing. Couples who are infertile typically chose in vitro fertilization (IVF), intrauterine insemination (IUI), adoption, or a less common method of embryo adoption. Couple who choose the first, IVF, go through a process of obtaining eggs and sperm, allowing the embryo(s) to form outside of the body, and then having the embryo implanted into the mother’s uterus. Typically, multiple embryos are developed and the parents either choose to keep them for later use or when they are finished, sometimes forget about the embryos and in time, they die. Unfortunately, many couples are not informed about donating their frozen and leftover embryos to clinics, where other infertile couples can adopt them. The good news is, it is becoming more popular and people are becoming more educated. Embryo adoptions is such a great thing and more couples should really consider it.

Spriggs, M., the author of “saviour siblings” present in his article his main idea which is to reveal in which specific cases is this method of designing a baby acceptable, under what conditions, and why. He includes in his article different points of view regarding what people, doctors and scientists think of that method. The IVF method of having a baby is permitted under certain conditions and for specific cases, for people who have a history of infertility and genetic diseases. He makes his point clear by saying that this method of designing babies is by no means a “toy” and should be used only in extreme cases. In England for instance, the

In M. A. Garcia’s article “Eggs for Sale”, she was telling her story of donating her eggs to a couple who was infertile. Towards the beginning of the text she stated it herself, she was doing the procedure for the extra cash. Furthermore, throughout her story she learned that there is more to value in life and also being able to create a new life for a couple who would love to start their own family. There are always going to be people who think that donating your eggs or buying them from a total stranger is odd. Personally, when it comes to donating eggs to an infertile couple I believe it is a great opportunity in numerous ways. If there is a woman that is not doing anything with her eggs nor has any plans any time soon, why not help a couple

In the investigation of Hwang’s research, it was determined that 75% of the eggs used were either purchased or obtained by offering women reduced costs for IVF in exchange for the eggs (Baylis 390). Purchasing eggs or trading for IVF will inherently attract donors who are poor and infertile. This method of egg procurement is ethically questionable because it targets vulnerable populations. However, at the time of Hwang’s work, there was no international consensus regarding purchasing and trading eggs, and even today there is much debate about the appropriateness of this sort of exchange. For example, both the International Society for Stem Cell Research and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine agree that women cannot be expected to undergo the risks and discomfort associated with egg donation without any sort of compensation (Baylis 390). Although this is a fair point, it must be kept within reason. It is understandable that there would be some compensation for the discomfort, but the monetary value must be kept low enough that the amount can easily be refused if the donors do not feel comfortable with the associated risks. Along these lines, it is not acceptable to offer women reduced rates on IVF treatment, since for many seeking IVF, the chance of being able to conceive a child would be far greater in value than any sort of monetary compensation and would not be easily refused even if the donor was uncomfortable with the

In a case where a pregnant woman is involved in a crash or an accident which leaves her brain dead, it is rare that her wishes are known involving what she would want in this type of situation. If the mother 's wishes are unknown, the care plan would then be left to the family to decide. It should be the family’s choice on whether or not to keep the mother on life support or not until the baby can be delivered. If the hospital does not allow the family to make this choice, it may make the situation worse, especially if they both do not choose the same method of action. When the family is considering their options, they should take into consideration the baby 's chance of survival. If the mother becomes brain dead when the baby is 24

To begin with, I will provide the basic medical facts involving IVF to give a solid understanding of what goes into the whole process and what facts involving this process cause the questioning of the ethical and moral issues. Infertility affects about 4.9 million couples in the United States, or one in every twelve. Approximately one-third of infertility cases can be traced to causes in the female (Encarta). However, a small proportion of infertile

Crown-Rump length (CRL) : Once the embryo can be visualized, the measurement of choice for estimation of menstrual age becomes the crown rump length. Using transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS), embryo can be visualized from fifth menstrual week onwards(12). The majority of early studies on CRL demonstrated that the accuracy of the method in predicting menstrual age was 3 to 5 days (±2 standard deviations)(13,14).