Prelab Biology Lab Answers

There are two basic cells, prokaryotes and eukaryotic. The prokaryotes are molecules surrounded by membrane and cell wall, it has no membrane-bound nucleus and are multicellular. All bacteria, are cells of members Kingdom Prokaryotae, are called prokaryotic. They have a simple structure, do not have complex organelles and internal membranes. Where the eukaryotes is a more complex cell than the prokaryotes which are, protoctista animal, fungi, or plant cells.

There are three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. They include membrane-bound organelles, presence of a nucleus, and being multicellular or unicellular.

The biggest difference would be that eukaryotes have a nucleus where they store their genetic material. Although prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, they have a general nucleoid region. Also, prokaryotes are generally smaller than eukaryotes. Meaning, prokaryotic cells are usually ten times smaller than eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles like eukaryotic cells. Because of the types of organelles eukaryotes have, they can have higher levels of intracellular division than what prokaryotes can have. The DNA in eukaryotes is much more complex than the DNA found in prokaryotes. One would find the DNA of a eukaryote in it’s nucleus, and the DNA of a prokaryote floating freely around the cell. Though both types of cells can have a cell wall, the cell wall of a prokaryote is composed of Peptidoglycan.

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. The chromosomes which are found in prokaryotes are usually spread in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells the chromosomes remain together inside the nucleus and there is a clear nuclear membrane that is surrounding the nucleus.

Well prokaryote is the name given to organisms that are made up from cells that lack a cell nucleus or cells that lack any membrane-encased organelles (a specialized subunit within a cell). In lamens terms, in prokaryotes, the DNA is not bound or held together inside a nucleus. Prokaryotes also only have a single loop DNA. Last but not least prokaryotes are divided into groups or domains but more about that in a minute.

5. Both prokaryotic cell division and eukaryotic cell division replicate their DNA and use the process of cytokinesis.

“Eukaryotic cells are complex and include all animal and plant cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler, e.g. Bacteria” - (AQA 2008)

Of course, prokaryotic reproduction is limited because cells eventually exhaust their nutrient supply, accumulate metabolic wastes, or are consumed by other organisms. Eukaryotic cells are typically much larger than those of prokaryotes. They have a variety of internal membranes and structures, called organelles, and a cytoskeleton composed of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments, which play an important role in defining the cell's organization and shape. Eukaryotic DNA is divided into several linear bundles called chromosomes, which are separated by a microtubular spindle during nuclear division. Nuclear division is often coordinated with cell division. This generally takes place by mitosis, a process that allows each daughter nucleus to receive one copy of each chromosome. In most eukaryotes, there is also a process of sexual reproduction, typically involving an alternation between haploid generations, wherein only one copy of each chromosome is present, and diploid generations, wherein two are present, occurring through nuclear fusion (syngamy) and meiosis. Eukaryotes have a smaller surface area to volume ratio than prokaryotes, and thus have lower metabolic rates and longer generation times.

eukaryotic cells cell type is usually multicellular while prokaryotic cell is usually unicellular, eukaryotic cell true membrane bound nucleus is present, prokaryotic cell's true bound nucleus is absent. examples of a eukaryotic cell are plants and animals. prokaryotic cells's examples are bacteria and archaea. eukaryotic cells genetic recombination is meiosis & fusion of gametes, prokaryotic cells genetic recombination is partial, undirectional transfers DNA, eukaryotic cells lysosomes and peroxisomes are present while prokaryotic cell lysosomes and peroxisomes are absent, eukaryotic cells microtubules are present, prokaryotic cells microtubules are absent, eukaryotic cell endoplasmic reticulum is present, prokaryotic cell endoplasmic reticulum is absent and eukaryotic cells cytoskeleton is present while prokaryotic cells cytoskeleton may be

One factor that every living thing has in common is that they are all composed of cells, the smallest structural and functional units of all organisms. Approximately two hundred different kinds exist, but the human body contains trillions. In all cells, there is a sheetlike boundary called a membrane that protects thousands of proteins, chromosomal DNA, called genetics, and other chemicals. Among cells are two distinct types with separately organized structures called prokaryotics and eukaryotics A nucleus, which carries genetics and determines the idenitity and function of a cell, exists in eukaryotes, along with many other organelles. Organelles are specially organized formations that allow cells to work properly. On the other hand, prokaryotes

Eukaryotes have an enclosed nucleus with paired DNA. Intracellular structures in prokaryotes have plasma membrane and lacks sterols. Eukaryotes have sterols with plasma membrane. Both have a cell membrane. Prokaryotes have a cell wall.

Within prokaryotes and eukaryotes there are various similarities, but also differences. First, prokaryotes are cells without a true nucleus. Instead they have a nucleoid that houses their DNA. Eukaryotes on the other hand are cells with a nucleus and a nuclear membrane. Along with the nuclear membrane, eukaryotes also have membrane bound organelles. These organelles allow for complex compartmentalization. Prokaryotes have no membrane bound organelles, which causes them to be simplistic and lack internal compartmentalization. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes both have a cell wall that determines their shape and protects the cell. However, the cell walls differ in structure. Eukaryotes do not have peptidoglycan in their cell wall, whereas some prokaryotes

Eukaryotes consist of cells that the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes is contained within a distinct nucleus. Additionally, besides the eubacteria and archaea, Eukaryotes include all living organisms, which are not the case with prokaryotes that are microscopic single-celled organisms. Prokaryotes do not have a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles, including the bacteria and cyanobacteria. So a fundamental difference here is that prokaryotes cells do not have organelles, nucleus, but a small amount of DNA in the form of a single, circular chromosome while eukaryotes cells have multiple organelles, a nucleus, as well as sufficient DNA that is organized in multiple, linear chromosomes (Bruck, 2017; OpenStax College, & Rice University, 2013). Another apparent difference in DNA replication between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that while DNA replication process in eukaryotes takes place inside the nucleus, the DNA replication process in prokaryotes occurs inside the cytoplasm.

Prokaryotic Cells All living things are made of cells, and cells are the smallest units that can be alive. Life on Earth is classified into five kingdoms, and they each have their own characteristic kind of cell. However the biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryote kingdom (monera, the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells, and do not have a nucleus. Prokaryotic means 'pre-nucleus' and eukaryotic means 'true nucleus'.

Eukaryotic cells - found in animals, plants and fungi. In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is sectioned off from the cytoplasm in its own membrane compartment called the nucleus.