President Lee Teng-China Policy

This caused American and Communist Chinese forces to fight each other during the Korean War, which began in 1949. Communist threats against Taiwan in the 1950's drove the U.S. and the Chinese Communists to the brink of nuclear war. The U.S. went to war in Vietnam in part to prevent the expansion of Chinese Communism. For the United States, China today is neither an outright enemy, nor a trusted friend. Today tensions exist because of the kind of government China has, and the actions it takes.

Both economic and security threats are culminated in a general consensus that weapons trade between both countries includes only defensive weapons.5 In 1994, the policy towards Taiwan was reviewed, however no changes were made to the arms sales policy.6 The military assistance the US provides Taiwan with, despite being defensive in nature, is still a source of consternation to the PRC and is a problem for its relations with both Taiwan and the US.

* “Almost as soon as the Americans intervened in Korea and the Seventh Fleet entered the Taiwan Strait at the end of June 1950, the CCP’s long-standing suspicion of and hostility toward the United States turned into bellicosity” (Sheng 5).

Since 1899, America has maintained an open door policy with China. Throughout the years, relations between the United States and China have changed with several effects on both countries caused by the open door policy.

Analyze the influence of the following on American-Soviet relations in the decade following the Second World War:

The two superpowers in the world, the United States and Soviet Union, had begun to show their strengths immediately after war. Following the war, they got involved in events such as the Berlin Airlift and the Korean War in an attempt to prove who was stronger. After those events the two countries participated in an arms race, a contest in which they competed to see who was to build more powerful weapons. As this race turned into a more serious situation, and Americans started to realize that the United States wasn’t the only one with powerful weapons, fear united them once again. As shown in Document 3, the dominant problem throughout the years 1953-1962 was the threat of war.

Carter tried to expand contacts with communist China, at Taiwan’s expense. “To substitute for diplomatic relations with Taiwan, Congress passed the Taiwan Relations Act. It provided for the creation of an American Institute on Taiwan, which bought the old American embassy” (Miller Center). This was an important affair between Taiwan and the United States because it allowed the two countries to promote and share interests. This act is still in use today.

The United States tried to contain the Soviet Union’s expansion by sending troops to areas in which the Soviet tried to occupy and influence. For example, after defeating the Japanese, China was in a state of civil war between the Chinese Nationalists (KMT) and Chinese Communist Party (CCP). They Soviet entered the war against Japan and later gave the Japanese weapons to the CCP for them to have more power in Manchuria. Contrasting to the Soviets, the US supported the KMT and sent 50,000 US Marines to help the nationalists in September 1945. Later in December 1945, George Marshall became the ambassador of China. His job was to form a truce between the CCP and KMT, preserve nationalist domination in Manchuria, withdraw Soviet troops, and join the two parties together. At the end, Marshall’s goal was obtained and China was stabilized with minimal CCP influence. Back in August 1945, Soviets troops went into North Korea and in response the US sent troops into South Korea. Therefore, the North was led with communism by Kim II Sung, and the South with nationalist Syngman Rhee.

Nixon labeled his visit to China as “the week that changed the world”. When he arrived, Chairman Mao Tse-Tung, leader of China, greeted him with excitement. “Mao was as excited as I had ever seen him,” said Li, Mao’s personal Doctor. During Nixon’s week of stay in China, he and Mao negotiated the “Shanghai Communiqué”. This document stated the ways the two countries should approach their relationship. It established a series of rule based on the principles of respect declaring that the two countries shall not maltreat, but instead should make peace with each other.

As I understand the historical connection between China and United States, they were and in some sense still are both rivals, which began with Mao Zedong driving American-supported Chang out of China soon after the unconditional surrender of the defeat of aggressive Imperial Japan in 1945. Mao took over China and forced Chang to beat a hasty retreat to Taiwan Island. Then in l950, the world witnessed the fierce armed confrontation between Mao led China versus the United Nations' forces with the full backing of United States during the three year Korean War which eventually became a stalemate to this day. Then there was another world-shattering war between U.S. and Communist Soviet-China over the devastating Vietnam. So China had been at

As tensions rose between the United States and the Soviet Union, the once “Cold War” became “hot.” Factors that contributed to rising tensions were political shifts and confrontations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union. Both superpowers had global connections with other nations, which made local conflicts a big part of the Cold War. In many of these local conflicts the United States and its allies supported one side, while the Soviet Bloc supported the other. This allowed the two superpowers to confront each other indirectly instead of head to head. In 1949, China was overrun by Communist forces, which scared the U.S. because of the domino theory. The domino theory stated that once one nation fell to Communism many more would follow like the falling of dominoes. During this time, many European colonies sought the help of either superpower to help them gain their independence. This is how the Cold War became very “hot.” In many battles for independence, shooting wars broke out between the two sides, which included the two superpowers. In some places the brutal conflicts tore the

This caused the US to believe that Soviets had mainly expansionist aims. The US was “not prepared to see the opportunity for future investment [in Eastern Europe] foreclosed” (Crockatt 67) and this belief sparked the development of the containment policy directed by George Kennan, outlined in the Long Telegram (Lightbody 5). In addition, “the west had to oppose the Soviet Union for its own survival” (Lightbody 5) as the nuclear race between the US and USSR ensued and the USSR strived to equal the already well-established program of the US. This tension did not recede as Soviets sent spies into the US Manhattan Project, the nuclear development program (Lightbody 5). When the Soviets refused to join the Baruch Plan – which controlled nuclear weapon development – the USSR became even more openly viewed as a threat to US security. The growth of communism in Asia within the countries of Korea, Vietnam, and China along with tensions between the “Iron Curtain,” or divide, between Eastern and Western Europe also contributed to increasing threat towards capitalism and the Cold War’s inevitability.

Efforts however were made to reconcile Taiwan and China after Mao’s declaration of People's Republic of China or PROC as we know it today. On April 27, 1993, China and Taiwan begun negotiating the various Interpretations of Taiwan’s relationship to China, or the "one­China" principle” (Myers 1). The negotiation however was conducted and represented by third party private agencies. Taiwan was represented by Straits Exchange Foundation or SEF while China was represented Association for Relations across the Taiwan Strait, or ARATS. The negotiation however was short lived and collapse when President Lee Teng­hui visited the US for a public address at Cornell University (Myers 1).

The rapid rise in economy of China has turned this country into rival of America. However, in an effort to change the trade policies of China, stop military operations reinforce Beijing 's South China Sea from America, but that’s not enough improve diplomatic relations with 11 countries in the TPP agreement. Beijing said the United States is a force only in Asia as they want, while China will forever be a force in Asia. As candid statement of the Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Hsien Loong during his visit to Washington last August, the TPP will "challenge the prestige" of the United States with partners in the region. According to Mr. Li, each nation has faced some opposition political and sensitive issue in the country, pay a political price to get to the negotiating table and signed agreements but finally they cannot receive what they want. Now, United State diplomats do not have what they want in Asia, After the US told the regional partners was signed TPP will strengthen America 's leadership position in the region, the regional partner also concluded to be a waiver of TPP would undermine America 's leadership position and China is ready to be leadership position which vacated this area. In terms of the overall situation of power in Asia, the US withdrew from the TPP, that means United State is bringing the beneficial strategy for China, not only because a trade agreement supported by the United States, U.S foreign policies will be disappear forever

This term paper focuses on China-Taiwan relations in terms of One China policy and the Taiwan question. The paper will first provide an overview of the historical background of Beijing-Taipei relations and its ties with the United States. After, we will discuss One China policy and its different interpretations.