Primary Care Testing For Cancer Cell By Ion Exchange .

Now that I remain in the CLT program, it has actually opened my eyes to a complete different world of operating in the medical laboratory field. Having that chance to be more involved with the breakdown of the process of the clinical laboratory studies is astounding. I ‘am pleased to have prepared myself to travel beyond with a little in order to succeed with wealth of

The College of American Pathologists or CAP is the accrediting organization for laboratory and testing personnel. CAP’s “accreditation process is so thorough, the Joint Commission [and CMS] accepts …their standards” in place of conducting their own survey of the hospital’s laboratory and personnel (Gartee, 2011, p. 47). This is because of the guidelines they follow to maintain their integrity and to remain the industry standard. In recent years, the “CAP [has] developed new check list” for continued improvements. Additionally, they are continuing to vet the requirements for the new next-generation sequencing or NGC-based test that is speeding laboratory procedures. So much so that the recent adoption of the new technology for clinical testing” was done prior to the new standards being approved (Aziz, et.al. 2015, p. 481).

30). According to Brunstein (2016), individual tests can be moved to a patient’s bedside or in other less formal settings to provide faster diagnosis, allowing for quicker response times when medical interventions are needed (p. 30). Bedside testing uses a method called point-of-care testing (POCT) and presents both new possibilities as well as challenges (Brunstein, 2016, p. 30). Brunstein (2016) points out some of the challenges are decreased sensitivity, specificity, or sometimes both, especially when compared to the testing that is done in the core lab (p.30). However, POCT can prove to be advantageous because of reduced response times for medical interventions. POCT with moderate sensitivity and high specificity have proven to be convenient, cost effective first-line screening tools (Brunstein, 2016, p. 30). Molecular POCT has positive implications for the future but there are some limitations. POCT used for molecular diagnosis (Madix) are limited to only

Assessing metastatic involvement of the lymph nodes in breast cancer patients is important in planning surgical and adjuvant therapies. A trend toward breast-conserving therapies with the goal of improving quality of life for breast cancer patients has driven the need to accurately assess lymph nodal staging. The concept of a sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is a valuable tool in evaluating metastatic spread of primary breast tumors (Maaskant-Braat et al.,2012; Noushi et al., 2013). Tokin et al. (2012) describe how the process of tumor spread via the lymphatics occurs to the first draining lymph node, then to subsequent nodes within the same basin and beyond. Breast lymphoscintigraphy has emerged as a useful means of identifying the SLN, although many patient factors, choice of radiopharmaceutical, injection technique, and imaging protocol may affect the successful outcome. The ideal exam protocol would combine speed, accuracy, and sensitivity to identifying the SLN with the least amount of burden to the patient and resources involved (Povoski et al., 2006; Sadeghi et al., 2009; Tokin et al., 2012).

According to the Clinical Leadership & Management Review, (2008) healthcare spending is currently taking up 16.2 percent of our nation’s economy. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, cost is expected to rise to twenty percent by 2015. Nearly, seventy percent of medical decisions are based on laboratory tests, yet the costs of lab tests account for only four percent of the total in health care costs. Annual sales for clinical laboratory testing in the U.S. in 2001 were thirty-five billion, and are expected to grow at four percent annually (Johnson, 2008). Upon looking at annual global growth rate, laboratory testing is projected to increase by 5.5 percent (Johnson, 2008). As a result, laboratories as a business plays a significant role, on how health care dollars are spent. Additionally, laboratories offer a tremendous service for a reasonable price by providing quality, state-of-the-art services and fair reimbursement that is essential.

The preanalytical errors increases health care costs and decreases the patient satisfaction. The laboratory errors that happen at any stage of the total testing process have influence on quality of laboratory services. Any errors that happen during this total testing process will affect the patient care that also includes unnecessary recollection of samples, delay in reporting, misdiagnosis and treatment by the clinician. Although the errors can happen at any stage of the total testing process, preanalytical errors accounts for highest percentage (70%). The consequences associated with analytical errors are significantly reduced by the use of modern laboratory instruments. But pre analytical phase is still prone to more errors due to its complexity and different stages that involved within and outside laboratory. The inaccurate reporting of results due to preanalytical errors leads to unnecessary investigations and creating an additional burden to the healthcare system (Kaushik, & Green, 2014). According to Green (2013) the healthcare economist created a model to quantify the costs associated with laboratory errors and poor sample quality. It is based on operating costs, number of beds, test volume, number of rejected samples, instrument problems and the frequency of inaccurate results reported by laboratory and their impacts. As per this model

Working in the field of medical testing, it is important to know that there will be a health risk when working on lab equipment, due to many hazardous chemical, many scientist risk their lives to find the right substance to find a cure. Each test has its own indication and contraindication. Tests being performed are expected to have no benefit for the individual being tested. Instead, the results may be useful for the establishment of statistics in order to improve health care for other individuals. Patients may give informed consent to undergo medical tests that will benefit other people. It is not just classify only to use for diseases but to find a relevant used of treatments. What is medical testing? What are some source of topic that relates to it? Medical testing is a kind of

A clinical laboratory is defined as any facility where materials derived from the human body are examined for the purpose of providing information for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease or the assessment of health. Standards applied to

Laboratory errors have a negative impact on the patient and the healthcare system. Errors result in wasted time, resources and supplies, decrease efficiency, and pose increased risk to the patient (Osborn, 2017). While there are three phases in the laboratory practice where lab errors can occur, pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical, the pre-analytical stage is where the majority of lab errors transpire (Hammerling, 2012). The pre-analytical phase is composed of many steps that occur both before and after the specimen reaches the laboratory (Kaushik & Green, 2014). The complexity to this phase contributes to the pre-analytical phase being the most error prone part of laboratory

Laboratory technicians work on test or diagnosis, treatment, and prevents any kind of other diseases that may be harmful for others, also workers set up the equipment’s. When they are doing the diagnosis they tend to “collect and study blood samples to determine the number of cells, their morphology, or their blood group, blood type, or compatibility for transfusion purposes, using microscopic techniques.”(Medical and Clinical Laboratory Career, 01Apr. 2016.) For them to find the right disease and what treatments that needs to be taken, they must know Mathematics, biology, and the presence of normal or abnormal components. So it is very important for laboratory technicians to work extremely hard on their job because the patient’s life is in

As I will progress in this program it’s my belief to be well equipped with the knowledge how to analyze diagnostic testing of blood, hematology, immunology, urine and microbiology tests, at the same time expecting my knowledge how to use the biomedical instrument used in diagnostic testing will be improved. As of right now my I believe this course prepared me mentally, psychologically and emotionally as well, how to be a better medical professional by broadened my understanding of self-care in medical professional which thought me that under any circumstances we must meet the physical and emotional need of our patients. Despite gaining so many knowledge about health care system, ethics, and scope of practice, as student, there is a long road to go to understand about how diagnostic test analyzed in the laboratory. Overall this course changed my perspective about the importance of patients' rights and confidentiality, professionalism, medical ethics, and self-care. My knowledge is so limited that in regards to those topics before taking this class, for instance, I used to think self-care as looking after yourself but after taking this class my understanding of self-care was wrong. As a medical professional, the priority should be always the physical,

Imagine this scene: your five-year-old child has been sick for a week, and you’ve exhausted your medical dictionary trying to look up their symptoms. You visit your pediatrician, and she decides to send some tests to the lab. Although you are probably too concerned about your child to think about it, the “lab” is not only expensive equipment that magically examines blood or tissue samples. Rather, it is a group of well-trained medical professionals whose job it is to treat you by providing your doctor with the information they need to give you the best treatment possible. The group of medical professionals helping you and your child are called pathologists, and they work behind the scenes, diagnosing diseases and helping doctors to address

Following good work practices and strategies for error prevention can make a considerable reduction in the pre-analytical errors. The process redesign, healthcare professional training or retraining can improve the quality of blood samples. The steps involved in pre analytical phase are critical for good sample quality and to get reliable results, which help clinician in accurate diagnosis and treatment. The improvement strategies are essential to minimise the error risk due to continuous staff changes and staff with inadequate skills. The educational and training programs must be conducted often to phlebotomists and medical staffs to reduce the risk of errors and to improve the sample quality. The development of improvement strategies showed a reduction in pre analytical sample errors and the indicators demonstrated sample errors are reduced between 2-3 fold, in comparison haemolysis error benefited more with this improvement strategies. The patient satisfaction with the laboratory services also increased after the improvement strategy according to the annual survey (Lillo et al, 2012).

When used in conjunction with conventional risk assessment tools, validation data indicate that Decipher is used to generate a patient’s tumor-specific risk of disease progression after radical prostatectomy and may have a financial impact on use of further therapy [31]. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) The role of CTCs in PCa is rapidly evolving and providing a window into the hematogenous spread of cancer and can drastically improve oncologic

First, what is a clinical laboratory? A clinical laboratory is a laboratory with several departments that perform test to help provide better information to the patient to provide them with a diagnosis, a treatment or even to prevent disease. So who oversee these labs? One of the monitoring agencies is American society of clinical laboratory science. They “assure reliable test results which contribute to the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of physiological and pathological conditions.” In 1988 The Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act of 1988 was inputted. (CLIA ’88) This act has divided the clinical laboratory testing in to waved, moderately complex, and highly complex categories’. Waved testing is a simple and accurate test. Some examples would be pregnancy test, blood glucose test, and also the urine dipstick test. Moderately complex testing is manual procedures with minimal steps and minimal preparation. Highly complex testing is including all laboratory testing. There are many positions in