Primary Research Paper On The Microbial Community

22) Refer to Table 8.2. If the sequence of amino acids encoded by a strand of DNA is

Microbeads are a type of pollutant that can cause great environmental harm to both wildlife and even ourselves. Microbeads are small bits of plastic used in many various products the most common being personal care products. They are designed to be washed down the drain and the water treatment facilities are not designed to stop these pollutants. There have been a few states to ban the product altogether and we are moving quickly to fix the problem I became interested in this topic related to environmental science due to my interest in politics. I had a few friends who were involved in the recent California ban and I felt like I should educate myself on the topic.

The field of Microbiology allows scientists to identify microscopic organisms and their importance in the world. The purpose of this paper is to present differential media as well as common experiments along with utilization of the microscope to identify the unknown organism 52. One of essential technique for the laboratory identification or the unknown organism is the use of aseptic technique. Aseptic technique allows the transfer of organisms from one medium to another without contamination of the culture as well as the surrounding environment (1). This is an essential technique to master because contamination of the initial culture medium or the subsequent media can alter results. In order to identify the unknown organism 52 inoculation

There are many phases in the nitrogen cycle where bacteria is helpful to move along a phase or process that takes place. Like Rhizobium is a bacterium that helps in aid the nitrogen fixation phase. Rhizobium is a small heterotrophic soil bacteria capable of forming symbiotic nodules on the roots of leguminous (seeds of plants or fruits) plants and become bacteria that fixes atmospheric nitrogen (Merriam Webster). It has rod shape (bacillus) bacteria that forms staph colonies. They are motile, so they can move. Rhizobium, is an aerobic bacterium, therefore it must have oxygen to grow into colonies. It grows best at 25 degrees Celsius or 77 degrees F. Basically, rhizobium turns the free nitrogen air into ammonia and nitrate for plant assimilation.

The ability to cultivate and identify organisms of interest in the laboratory without contamination is essential for the study and classifications of many life forms. Different techniques were used to differentiate the organisms. This process of transferring a microbe from one medium to the next is called inoculating. The organism chosen in class will be used to construct further testing. The purpose of this lab experiment was to find the identity of the unknown bacterial culture and use all the methods and the assessments that were introduced in the class. By doing that we had to use different techniques that guide us to find the right bacterium. A flowchart was given for the unknown to help us find the right bacterium that

The soil micro biota is composed of bacteria, fungi, algae and protozoa comprising complex interconnected

The soil matrix is a microbial storehouse in which a variety of microorganisms co-exist. Within the soil habitat, microorganisms are taking in nutrients, respiring, and participating in biogeochemical cycles. There are prokaryotic microbes, eukaryotic microbes, and viruses. The most abundant microbial populations in soil are simple bacteria, Actinobacteria, and fungi (1). The eukaryotic populations in soil include algae, fungi, and protists. Fungi participate in recycling biomass and stimulating plant growth (2). Soil fungi

Most plants need nitrogen from various sources one of which is fixed by a group of bacteria known as Rhizobia (Herridge et al., 2008). Rhizobia have the ability to fix nitrogen in plant and help for their growth. The Rhizobia chemically convert the nitrogen from the atmosphere to make it available in plants. If there is not enough nitrogen available in the soil, plants look pale in color and their growth development is reduced (Ngakou, 2009).

A prebiotic is a non-digestible food ingredient that beneficially affects the host by selectively stimulating the growth and/or activity of one or a limited number of bacteria in the colon thus improving host health. The prebiotic approach advocates the administration of non-viable entities. Dietary carbohydrates such as fibres are candidate prebiotics, but most promise has been realised with non-digestible oligosaccharides, because of their selective metabolism. In particular, the ingestion of fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) stimulates bifidobacteria in the lower gut. As prebiotics exploit non-viable food ingredients, their applicability in diets is wide ranging. A further approach is synbiotics, where probiotics and prebiotics are combined. Today, only bifidogenic, non-digestible oligosaccharides (particularly inulin, its hydrolysis product oligofructose, and (trans) galactooligosaccharides), fulfill all the criteria for prebiotic classification.

FIGURE 2 Bar chart represents the percentage of student cohort in each taxa for culture dependent and independent data. The orange bars indicate culture dependent data while the blue bars indicate culture independent data. Culture independent data detects all aerobic, anaerobic, facultative anaerobes as well as obligate anaerobes but culture dependent cannot identified any of these obligate anaerobes. However, culture independent data does not detect Staphylococcus. Percentage of student cohort is obtained by counting the amount of each taxon identified (only relative abundances of bacteria that are

Microorganisms have developed multiple direct and indirect mechanisms that protect them against the environmental stresses they encounter. One of the most severe and widespread problems facing crop production is the degradation of soil quality due to desiccation and salinity, and almost 40% of the world’s land surface is affected by salinity-related problems (Zahran 1999, Veron, 2006). Water, and its availability, is one of the most vital environmental factors to affect the growth and survival of microorganisms (Potts 1994).

This article investigates the integrated effect of Rhizobium and Azatobacter cultures on the leguminous crop black gram. These experiement that was performed was meant to evaluate the intergrated effect of azatobacter and rhizobium n plant growth, number of leafs present, the length of the roots, appearance of the nodules, carbohydrate content and chlorophyll content in black grain which is a leguminous plant. In these

In vitro effect of different compost types on fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes population in rhizosphere of potato plants grown in infested soil with Ralstonia solanacearum:

Enhanced soil fertility and the availability of nutrients complement the natural service of crop protection. Associated with high levels of organic matter in soils is a noticeable enhancement of natural pathogen protection and biocontrol. Suppression of disease often correlates with an increase in microbial activity, with disease suppressive soils showing higher populations of bacteria and actinomycetes. Because of this, crop protection may be attributed in part to the microbial community of the rhizosphere,

Microorganism in compost will grow and multiply within the pH range from 5.5 to 8. The organic acids are formed in the initial stages of the aerobic decomposition process and these acidic conditions favor the growth of fungi