Principles Of Materials And Task Design

Students are usually required to prepare some class with some recommended reading books, journals or articles, (depending on the particular aims of the course), occasions where they are able to practice their literacy and language skills.

Resources need to be appropriate for the learning outcomes and suitable for the learner’s needs or to be able to adapt it. A tutor also needs to consider if a resource is at the correct level of ability. Resources also need to be current and credible and of high quality.

particular feature of language or could be authentic texts "adapted" to contain or highlight certain features of language. However, Johns and Davies argue that learning should contain a purpose and that texts in the language classroom should act as “vehicles for social and economic contacts and for the transmission of ideas”. Consequently, they propose an alternative to TALO which looks at a Text as a Vehicle for Information, or TAVI. This is where understanding the text is the main priority and the text should have some relevance to the students. As a result, cognitive strategies are reinforced. Because of this, Johns and Davies (1983: 4) add that where “where possible the texts will be selected not by the language teacher but by the students

Although I have always liked to use authentic materials in class, I had never had the opportunity to make a survey and find out if there were real benefits in the ESL classroom. This research was aimed to find out how learners accept authentic materials and the benefits obtained in their learning process. The results of the investigation

The four effective practices are interdependent of one another. These concepts are the key points that provide a solution in helping English learners become fluent English speakers and be able to understand difficult lessons and high standards. The first strategy the article points out is Access, and it is used more frequently than the others. Echevarria and colleagues (2015) demonstrate that when teachers use differentiated teaching strategies, it will allow students to understand the concepts being taught more easily. For example, using multimedia to provide visual learning, or using sentence frames that will allow English Learners to be able to participate in oral

If a survey was carried out among teachers of English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and Teachers of English as a Second Language (TESOL), a finding would be that a major concern for teachers is the inability to find appropriate material or the perfect text for their lesson. This is the basis for the article by Swale. Swale in his investigation puts forward two different options to overcome this problem. At this stage the author notes that no matter what approach is taken, the teacher needs to double as an editor or in some cases a material developer/writer.

In our classroom syllabus there are three important things to note which are classroom rules, and expectations, attendance and make up work, and is the way my grade will be determined in English II. Some of these things will don't be heavily affected on my grade it still plays a role during this high school year for me. These rules and expectations might not be the best, but it's what I think the most important things are. My goal in this paper is to explain in more depth about the three important things in our classroom syllabus, also to make you understand the concept of these three important things in the syllabus.

First, she respects that as students acquire English as a new language, they do not have to forsake their native language. Second, to slake her curiosity, Mrs. Griffins values the use of technology to familiarize herself with cultures she is not accustomed to. Lastly, in designing instruction, Mrs. Griffins considers her learners, especially in

As part of our major project we are required to show our knowledge and understanding of at least 2 major materials or components that we may be using in our project. The 2 components which I’ve decided to work on are resistors and LDR (light depended resistor). I will be discussing about the many functions and uses of these components which makes them a major component for our project.

Mrs. Thomas pulled an assignment Know as, “Due Now” for a student to pass out to the entire class. The first assignment given to the students required them to recall the past lesson learn. The Due Now assignment reinforce the past lesson to help the student retain and recall the lesson learned. Mrs. Thomas give the children thirty minutes to complete the assignment and those that had not will complete later. Next she introduced the “Reading time on the carpet. The book of the day was< “Sherman Crunchy”. The reading is to promote the student to engage in the listening, recall, comprehension, and incorporate new words. The student were asked question throughout the residing and required to respond

Textbooks provide teachers and learners with materials and act like a guiding map for the teaching process and lesson planning. Moreover, being usually designed by experts in the field, they tend to be conversant with current theoretical approaches and methodologies However, textbooks may not achieve all the goals that it is set for it if not localized to the context and culture of their users.

The content lesson plan was done for Languages, Mathematics and Social Studies whereby meaningful and appealing opportunities for the students to practice, master and learn were arrived at through competent teaching strategies which enabled the students to develop and learn within their academic, linguistic and social contexts to build instructional opportunities that optimized their learning. Further, performance indicators were used to inspire prior knowledge as well as link fresh ideas to the students’ familiar experiences and ideas.

This paper believes that every approach has strengths and weaknesses. Hence, choosing an appropriate method depends on the level of the students or the purpose of the course. As an English teacher, I am convinced that we should comprehend both advantages and disadvantages of each method. Thence, we try to maximize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses. Finally, the chosen method must achieve the objective of the course and meet the demand of the learners. That is my own philosophy of

Thus, a course syllabus can be understood as the flexible document of reference which includes the objectives, contents, planning, evaluation (between others) and all the information necessary to organize and carry out a successful language teaching. The importance of syllabuses is that they clarify the objectives, content and methods for learners, they regularize teaching and learning and they guide the process of teaching and learning (Newbuy, 2000,

In design aspect of any engineering structure, machinery and equipment, the stress concentration is one of the major considerations for the successful design as it can cause fracture to various mechanical components and the machine, structure may eventually get failed to function for the purpose it is supposed to be designed. The rectangular plate with holes and notches find its application in field of automobile, mechanical, aerospace and marine components. The presence of holes or notches in such components reduces the mechanical strength due to the large stress concentration near the holes or notches that causes the alleviation of fracture occurrence under service loads. Therefore, it is essential to study and analyse the state of stress around the holes and notches and also the load bearing capacity of these structures or machine components for the optimum design with safe life of component [1].The cause of highly localized or accumulation of stress near the change of cross section or clustering of stress lines at the point of discontinuity is termed as stress concentration [2].The principal cause of stress raisers like holes & notches, because concentrated stresses larger than theoretical cohesive strength will generally cause local plastic deformation and redistribution of stresses [3].There are different ways of determining the stress concentration factor in flat plates. Experimental, numerical and analytical methods are used to determine stress