Prison Vs Auburn Prison Analysis

It was the Auburn jail that added a new system to imprisonment. It was solitary confinement. At the time many criminals had mental breakdowns being locked up in one room by themselves for years. It was then that a thirty five year rivalry between Pennsylvania and New York

The Eastern State Penitentiary and Auburn Prison were both designed to reform prisoners but in different ways. The Eastern State Penitentiary was known as a "separate system" in which they used solitary confinement a form of reformation. Auburn Prison was designed as a "congregate system" in which prisoners worked together and ate together but housed in solitary confinement.

There are five state prison systems in which exist in today's penitentiary systems and they are maximum-security prisons, close-high security prisons, medium-security prisons, and open security facilities. Variations between these five systems are common and uncommon because in a

Martin Luther King, Jr., a man who seldom cared what other people thought about him, lived in the moment. In doing so, He became furious over the amount of injustice. This essay shows King’s fury over injustice through the use of rhetorical appeals through ethos, logos, and pathos.

Solitary confinement has had a long history in the American prison system. America is the first country to adapt solitary confinement into the prison regiment. Pennsylvania had the first special housing units for inmates or “SHU”. When Europeans came to America to look at the new model for prisons in Pennsylvania they wrote reports describing to the European parliament on how prisoners were treated like caged animals. Many of them quickly realized that this was not what prisons were set out to accomplish. The purpose of a prison is to rehabilitate criminals and bring them back into society as an individual that has the best mental tools and skills to make their respective communities better. Putting inmates in solitary confinement for more than 48 hours can only lead to awful emotional pain and mental problems which can result in self-destructive behavior to regain the self-control that is being deprived through this process of isolation and expulsion.

conclusion, while Dr king was in birmingham, he came across the priest’s statement calling mr king activities unwise and untimely, in other words he felt that the priest’s were men of genuine good. he asked the question to the priest why were they being, so unrighteous and being so racist, against him and what he stood for. he was confronting the priest , because they weren’t being true to their words, and what the bible sayings were, when the affiliate organization invited mr king To birmingham to speak in a non violent direct action program, and when it was time for him to speak, he was discriminated against, and he started to quote the bible to make the priest well aware that what they were doing was wrong unrealistic and untrue, to what they stood for, he was tired of black people being outsiders, including in the united states, for a place to be considered the land of freedom, the place others dreamed to be were hurting people, because of the color of their skin.

Even though the prison was improving its conditions, they did not think about expanding even more. The purpose of the prison was to rehabilitate inmates through solitary confinement and with the overcrowding, it was impossible. With the overcrowding, prisoners began to fight each other and caused violent outbreaks. Soon it became unhealthy, dirty, and unsafe for inmates. In the end, the jail failed due to poor architecture and lack of staying organized. About 30 to 40 inmates were being placed in one room where they would all have to seep on the floor. It failed to focus on their goal which was to keep prisoners separately so that they could self-reflect. Later, the Eastern Pennsylvania Prison was built to replace the Walnut Street Jail. A prison in which also put their inmates in solitary

American prison system incarceration was not officially used as the main form of punishment in United States (U.S.) until around the 1800’s. Before that time criminals were mainly punished by public shaming, which involved punishments such as being whipped, or branded (HL, 2015). In fact, President Lincoln codified the prison incarceration system in the Emancipation Proclamation that indicated no slavery would take place in America unless a person was duly convicted of a crime (paraphrased) (White, 2015). In this era prisons were used more as a place where criminals could be detained until their trial date if afforded such an opportunity. However, one of the main problems with this idea was the fact that the prisons were badly maintained, which resulted in many people contracting fatal diseases. Yet, according to White (2015) unethical and immoral medical experiments were also conducted on inmates’ leading to health failures. Moreover, because everyone was detained in the same prisons, adolescent offenders would have to share the same living space with adult felons, which became another serious problem in that adolescent were less mature and could not protect themselves in such environments

In their observation of the Auburn Prison in New York, they found that the use of solitary confinement and subjecting the inmates to complete isolation had serious negative results, in which Beaumont and Tocqueville noted that solitary confinement did not reform and rather killed (Panzarella & Vona, pg 287). As a result, solitary confinement lost much of its popularity over the next couple of decades and later reemerged with the establishment of supermax prisons in the late nineteenth century. Supermax prisons, which is short for maximum security prisons hold the most dangerous convicts using the methods of isolation and solitary confinement to primarily control and direct them. Inmates in maximum security prisons are held in isolated cells for years or even decades as they serve their sentence. In her University of Michigan Journal of law Review, Solitary Confinement, Public Safety, and Recidivism, Prisoner Rights advocate Shira Gordon states, “Unlike the nineteenth century, correctional administrators in modern prisons do not implement solitary confinement for rehabilitative purposes. The goals of modern solitary confinement are simply to incapacitate and assert control over prisoners: the warden and

I feel Dr.King uses a strong tone when he asked about why he did the things he did because it is a very important subject to him and Dr.King is working hard to make a change a change in Birmingham and to stop racism. The treatment that black people get in America is unfair and being an adult being called “Boy” is not right . The tone of anger in Dr.King’s is because black people have been waiting 340 years to get equal treatment in America. Also because black people can not feel safe in a land they call home . The political leaders in Birmingham follow the methods of segregation, and that must change. Taking a direct approach to change the minds of people in the south is the best way for change because it will attract the national media which

Since the early 1800s, the United States has relied on a method of punishment barely known to any other country, solitary confinement (Cole). Despite this method once being thought of as the breakthrough in the prison system, history has proved differently. Solitary confinement was once used in a short period of time to fix a prisoners behavior, but is now used as a long term method that shows to prove absolutely nothing. Spending 22-24 hours a day in a small room containing practically nothing has proved to fix nothing in a person except further insanity. One cannot rid himself of insanity in a room that causes them to go insane. Solitary confinement is a flawed and unnecessary method of punishment that should be prohibited in the prison

The difference between the Pennsylvania and Auburn systems are the Pennsylvania system kept prisoners in solitary confinement 24/7. Prisoners were kept separated and were not allowed to interact or communicate with one another. Prisoners were found to have suffered psychological problems and/or insanity due to the isolation by this system. The Auburn system allowed prisoners to work during the day and were isolated during the night however silences was enforced at all times. Prisoners were more productive in their work under this system and is was found to be less cost effective.

Throughout the nineteenth century, penology was characterized by a debate between two 'schools'. The first was the system of "solitary" and "segregation" proposed by the Pennsylvania penitentiary. The second, that of which will be discussed in this paper, the "silent" and "congregate" system was designed for the Auburn penitentiary in New York State.

The Auburn system focused on production through congregate work and harsh discipline. While the Pennsylvania system focused on repentance through solitary confinement, reading the Bible, and reflecting on one’s sin ( Mays, G. & Winfree, L., 2008)..The key elements in both the Auburn and Pennsylvania systems were solitary confinement and silence. The Pennsylvania system isolated offenders in individual cells. The Auburn system had offenders in cells for a limited part of the day and focused more on production, rather than isolation. The Auburn system won out because it was adaptable and profitable at the same time; whereas, the Pennsylvania system spent more money by building individual cells for isolation. Furthermore, too much isolation led

The Auburn/New York System was established in 1819, in Auburn, New York. Founded as the second state prison in New York City, and initiated the first electrocution by the electric chair. The correctional system, housed prisoners at night in solitary confinement. During the day, prisoners were employed in large workshops in absolute silence, which was enforced at all times. Guards were authorized to whip the inmates, for up to thirty-nine times, if inmates were causing difficulty. The Auburn System divided it’s inmates into three classes: the most dangerous in solitary confinement, the less dangerous which were kept part time in solitude, and part time in group work, and the less guilty, worked during the day, and kept in solitary confinement