Proactive Policing And Its Effects On Crime

Furthermore, evidence-Based Policing allows for the use of research findings to develop those strategies that are best designed to reduce crime and disorder while maintaining the trust and confidence of the public. we serve. Also, police officers should incorporate those research findings into every decision. Evidence based policing does not have all the answers; critical decision will have to be made at during certain times in a split second. Nevertheless, having a scientifically proven evidence-base to support and guide how officers operate, I believe can help reduce crime, keep officers safe and improve relations with the community. Additionally, it can encourage police officers to use proven strategies and methods to improve crime control, community relations, and internal management. Agencies also gain the knowledge and analytical skills, specifically advanced crime analytics, to generate their own

Reactive policing is the response of the police to individual or group aid throughout the community. It is usually referred to as an immediate response to calls as well as follow-up investigations. Proactive policing involves the action of police to obtain information about crime in a community and develop strategies to combat it. The suppression of crime rather than the response to crime is what separates reactive policing from proactive policing.

Policing is a very difficult, complex and dynamic field of endeavor that is always evolves as hard lessons teach us what we need to know about what works and what don’t work. There are three different Era’s in America’s policing: The Political Era, The Reform Era, and The Community Problem Solving Era. A lot has changed in the way that policing works over the years in the United States.

When discussing how exposure to community policing can affect low economic neighborhoods, one must ask what is community policing? Miller, Hess, and Orthmann (2014) stated, it is a philosophy or orientation that emphasizes working proactively with citizens to reduce fear, solve crime-related problems, and prevent crime. Community policing can be a positive change in the community and for the law enforcement personnel that serves the community. An important concept to always remember is that the police are the community, and the community are the police (Miller et al., 2014). To successfully integrate this into police departments, we must examine several factors that have made police departments what they are today, what are ways to implement this new form of policing without resistance from law enforcement and citizens, and how community policing can affect the community and the work of law enforcement in the long run.

Policing dates back thousands of years to even before the Roman times. The origins of American policing are closely related the Anglo-Saxon model which gave a more communal responsibility. The four Eras’ of American policing that will be focused on are The Political, Professional, Community Policing, and Homeland Security.

The justice department today is spending millions of dollars to better train the police department against bias and examine law enforcement procedures, known as community policing. Community policing has been slowing evolving over the years. The civil rights movement exposed how weak the system was in the 1960’s. The development of the model has been inspired by

For the final project for this American Policing course I’ve created a research paper on Policing in America. Throughout the contents of this paper I have identified whether the current policing philosophies have a positive or negative impact on the communities and how I’ve arrived at this conclusion. I have provided this critical assessment and recommendation based on text readings, scholarly research, and personal experience, in and out of the bonds of this course.

Historically New York policing has been an “aggressive” one; with racially focused way of policing, stop and frisk, and three strikes and out are some of the tactics that come to mind. After crimes reached ultimate high at the beginning of 1990’s, the idea of community policing was brought about to bring an alternative way of policing. The mistrust of the black and latino community on the predominantly white police force was one of the main challenges that had to be faced. Since then, the New York police department have observed an improvement of communication between the public and police(J. DAVID GOODMAN). This makes it easier for officers to deal with crimes as they are assigned to small communities, which results in the reduction of crimes. The data collected from the police department of New York gives a historical perspective on the reduction of crimes from 1990 through 2015. Crimes such as, murder, rape, robbery and burglary are collected throughout the years, and we will observe the changes made from 1990-2015. We observe a -81% change in murder, -51.9% change in rape, -80% in robbery and -84.7% in burglary. These percentages are huge and can be affected by multiple factors, but community policing plays a huge role in the reduction of

Being a police officer in general is difficult in this day and age, any slight amount of support would benefit greatly. Proactive policing strategies is exactly the type of assistance that law enforcement need. Proactive policing is a practice in place in order to help deter criminal activity. This is done by showing a police presence in communities preventing a crime from take place, it aids in maintain order, and gives people the sense of safety. Our book, Criminal Justice in America, explains why this type of police work is beneficial “Because they are mainly reactive, the police usually arrive at the scene only after the crime has been committed and the perpetrator has fled” ((Cole et al., 2016. P. 155).

Proactive in policing is the best way to reduce crime. By maintaining a visible proactive police in a community will deter crime and criminal behavior, as well as to reduce the public fear of crime. These goals are equally important and also contribute to enhancing trust between citizens and police. These police officers must actively enforce laws even for low-level crimes and violations before a call for service. This will prevent more serious crimes in the future. Law enforces officers have to shift away from using only reactive policing tactics and also responding to calls after a crime occurs.

Problem oriented policing, hot spot policing, and directed patrols are three popular systems in which law enforcement have adopted over the past years to develop a more productive style of policing practices. Researchers have spent money and valuable time looking at these practices to see if they are effective. Hot spot policing, directed patrols, and problem oriented policing are effective methods in reducing all forms of crime. There are important factors to look at in this research to determine whether the running hypothesis is correct and these policing styles are reducing major types of crime. In addition to examined research two tables from two different studies will be examined to help support the notion that these policing styles are effective in reducing crime. In a small survey taken recently of how effective people think directed patrol, hot spot policing, and problem oriented policing is, 12% of respondents disagreed, while 88% of those that responded agreed that these policing styles were effective.

The prior research that Klick and Tabarrok have do not give a strong enough reason as to whether the levels of crimes committed get affected by the amount of police in that area or community. In this study the literature review is adequate because it allowed the two authors of this study to know what to actually study. By the prior research not being as strong, it allowed the authors to focus creating a new data source that allows them to better estimate the causal effect of police on crime and it allowed them to look at the system the Office of Homeland Security introduced called the Homeland Security Advisory System

The profession of law enforcement has evolved into an era of proactive and preventative policing. The law enforcement community has entered this new era by means of better communication and technology to help track crime and to help create better policing strategies. Police must have the support of the community, agencies and organizations to create public safety. In reaction to recent events that have created tension between law enforcement and members of the community, President Obama signed an Executive Order which created a task force to analyze the distrust the community holds towards law enforcement and ways to restructure 21st century policing styles. Federal, state, local, tribal officials, subject matter experts, community leaders, and representatives of organizations engaged through public hearings, meetings and written communications. The Task Force held seven public listening sessions, heard from over 100 witnesses, and has developed 59 recommendations and dozens of specific action items. Members of the Task Force are confident that these recommendations for action and further study will bring long-term improvements to the ways in which law enforcement agencies interact with and bring positive change to their communities. I support many of the pillar recommendations presented by the task force but I am hesitant to see how law enforcement leaders will enact these changes correctly in their communities and err on the side of caution in regards to implementing

2. Manning’s concept of” appearance management is to discuss progressive police, forms of crime prevention and have these strategies been helpful in reducing crime rates. Progressive police views is that they cannot solve crimes alone without society help. They need help in information as while there connections or networks are vast they still have limitations in their organizations. To become co-producers in society is one of the greatest tools civilians in society can use to track criminals or those involved in schemes that can destroy a nation within to weaken their principles or beliefs. Forms of police crime prevention is that crimes can be anticipations according to evidence or studies, so they must focus on areas that have high crime

Community policing utilizes problem solving techniques to respond and correct potential weaknesses rather than responding to a crime after the crime takes places. The emphasis shifts from fighting crime to crime prevention. Crime prevention creates safer communities. Accurately defining a community’s borders is essential for successful community policing. Traditional models of police precincts and jurisdiction may not accurately reflect the community as a whole. Persons impacted by crime in a community may not reside within the police precinct that is providing community policing. Long-term crime prevention relies on police involvement in all aspects within of a community, regardless of jurisdictional boundaries. Programs such as Neighborhood Watch aid community policing by joining citizens and law enforcement in the common interest to fight crime. Police are more effective in fighting and preventing crime with information provided by