Probation: Prison and Federal Prisoners Returning

Probation it a sentence handed down by a judge that gives an offender freedom based on terms that are set by a judge (Schmalleger). These set roles the offender may face are things such as random drug testing and some form of rehabilitation. This gives offenders a second chance to rehabilitate them self and fallow the law.

Probation is a court-ordered sanction. The goal being to retain some control over the offenders while allowing them to remain in the community. Probation first developed in the United States in 1841 with John Augustus, who was a Boston cobbler. He convinced the Boston police to release an adult into his custody instead of sending them to prison. (Klein, 1997) He was successful with this adult that he went back to the courts to ask for another convicted adult to be release under his supervision. Many in the police department and court system did not like this because as long as he was taking inmates they were not getting paid.

by painting an image that it is easy going on criminals, and as a result, maintains little support from the community. Probation is often portrayed as lax, shows minimum effort to support crime victims, and blindly promote a rehabilitative ideal while ignoring the reality of violent criminals. Probation may work for first time offenders, who commit non violent, non predatory crimes, and also for juveniles. The lack of funds that probation receives causes problems for probation officers to thoroughly do their jobs. They often have hundreds of caseloads to follow up on and often cannot meet

For those who work in the federal probation system, there are many skills needed. The knowledge used by these individuals and the abilities they can offer to their field are vital if they are going to be successful in what they do and in caring for offenders who are on probation and need to be monitored closely but also treated with respect and decency. Probation and supervision are not the only areas where these individuals are needed, however, because they can also work in pretrial services, corrections, counseling, and case management. The skills they use in one of those disciplines often transfer over to other disciplines, but not every individual is good at more than one area of work. The environment in which these workers operate is one of pressure and stress, and that environment is always changing. That makes it something worth focusing on and working for, and also shows just how dynamic the workers must be in order to remain calm in the face of stressful events and situations with which they must deal - often on a daily basis.

Probation is when convicted offenders are released by the court to serve a sentence under court-imposed conditions for a specified period. The goal is to save money and keep people from being incarcerated. The types of services or

The use of shock probation in America lies between two philosophies: classical and positivist. The classical believes that the criminals choose their actions therefore there is a need for them to be punished in order to prevent future offenses. On the other hand, the positivists believe that the offenders committed the offense without their own will and therefore the conditions that led to the offense should be corrected in order to rehabilitate the offender. In addition, the acts of the legislature and the sentiments of the public dictate the application of the probation. (Cripe and Clair, 1997). Therefore, this leaves the universal applications and methods of application of the probation not to be available. This leaves the philosophies to have evolved and moved into the 21st century. The above factors therefore lead to inconsistency in the application of probation in that the application of probation lies in the hands of few selected individuals such as the prosecutor and the judicial system. (Cripe and Clair, 1997).

Rules of probation are normally lenient and prisons are both strict and expensive, and normally prisons turn humans into worst kind of humans. Despite being expensive prisons are necessary to keep community safe, no matter what their impacts are

Federal probation was put in place to suspend a current sentence of an inmate and place them under the supervision on a qualified agency for a period of time to either free up the jail from nonviolent offenders or to try rehabilitate the offender from any future criminal acts. The development of the federal probation system began in 1925 when a bill was passed and signed by President Coolidge (Alarid, 2015). Before then, federal probation was rejected as an idea many times because it was introduced during the Prohibition Era. The National Probation Act that supported federal probation was put into effect, but it wasn’t until the mid-1900 that the federal probation law was fully working and overwhelmed as well. Since the work load got to intense

Probation is defined as a sentencing option in which an offender is released into the community under the supervision of a probation officer (Regoli, Hewitt & Maras, 338). Sometimes incarceration sentences are suspended by courts and for a period of time they may place an offender on probation. John Augustus was the nation’s first probation officer, who assisted individuals convicted of crimes for approximately 18 years. Augustus duties included investigating offenders, evaluating their character, assisting them to find jobs, and supervising them within the community. Currently, probation officers utilize his foundation concepts and apply it to their daily

Probation is one of the least restrictive penalties among the alternatives confronting a sentencing judge. Probation is the conditional release of an individual by the court after he has been found guilty of the crime charged. In the case of probation then, the individual has not been sentenced to prison, although he may, in fact, have

Nearly six decades later, six states had passed laws regarding probation. By 1910, “thirty-two more states had passed legislation establishing juvenile probation” (Probation Historical Roots, 2013). Twenty years later, forty-nine out of fifty states had a juvenile probation law (Probation Historical Roots, 2013). Today, as defined by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, “probation refers to adult offenders whom courts place on supervision in the community through a probation agency, generally in lieu of incarceration” (Community Corrections (Probation and Parole),

As through research one can say that a considerable amount of individuals who were sentenced for crime did not serve prison terms. Probation gives criminals a suspended or a waive through prison sentence and instead they are sent to the probation department for controlled activities in the community. Examples could include; education, work, restitution, therapy. The probation officer will have prepared a presentence investigation or presentence report. The PSI and the PSR gives a brief description of the individual’s criminal and noncriminal profile. These reports basically decide whether probation should be given or not. If probation is recommended a course of activities and restrictions for the probationer would be specified. The circumstances may be rigorous, for example; house arrest, electronic surveillance, curfews, no meetings with former friends. On the other hand, they could also be less stringent, for instance; attending school or a treatment program, not drinking spirits, and making monthly visits to the probation officer. Probation can last for the length of the suspended sentence or in cases involving young offenders, probation terms may range from a few months to two years. (Voigt, 1994 pg

Is probation effective and why. When an individual is supervised as an alternative to imprisonment it is known as probation. The probation process is less expensive then providing years of care with in the prison. The system benefits not just the dollars but in long term conditions for the parolee. Inmates often suffer loss of self-esteem and increased stress and anxiety because of the separation from their children. This helps with trying to secure adequate paying jobs when released. The main benefit for the criminal justice system is that they see fewer convictions in the future if they do not go to prison. The reason for is that the support system is able to stay in touch with them they have jobs to support themselves thus saving the government on rehabilitation once released. The supervision is not so tight however it does require day reporting. Day reporting is mandatory that the person must check in with a probation officer or at a facility on a daily basis. Each situation is different depending on the situation individuals may require drug rehabilitation programs along with the probation.

Probation is a sanction that can cover many different areas in the criminal justice system.

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, at year end of 2012, more than 4.7 million adults were under some form of community probation in the United States (Bonczar and Maruschak, bjs.gov). With so many adults on probation, one could only ask how they all are supervised. With the criminal justice system already bursting at the seams with offenders, its main objective is to keep offenders out of this already exhausted system. Probation, also called intermediate sanctions, is designed to do just that. Prison terms may be too harsh for some offenders, while traditional probation may be too lenient for others. Intermediate sanctions bridge the gap between prison and traditional probation (Allen and Latessa 106). Also, intermediate sanctions help the criminal justice system to tailor the punishment to fit the crime (Allen and Latessa 106). More often than not, intermediate sanctions will be coupled with another type of punishment, such as restitution or fines (“What is Intermediate Punishments?”).With a variety of options available through intermediate sanctions to hold offenders accountable for their actions, each provide the common thread of crime deterrence.