Probiotic Bacteria Host Immune System

Dietary fiber is a source of carbohydrate that has benefits for intestinal health. It plays a role in the prevention of disease in the intestine and even throughout the body, such as obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (10). Furthermore, when the bacteria in the gut ferment the fiber, metabolites are produced, which benefit the body. Short chain fatty acids are one major end product of this carbohydrate metabolism, which act to lower the colon’s pH, inhibiting pathogenic bacteria from growing. Some other metabolites include lactate, succinate and formate. Lactate is converted to butyrate by the bacteria in the gut, which induces mucin synthesis, which is a glycoprotein that maintains the gut epithelium integrity. Butyrate also acts to prevent bacterial transport across the epithelium and increases tight junction assembly (11). What this means, is that the fermentation of fiber allows these beneficial metabolites to be produced, causing a cascade of reactions that promote health and gut integrity. This shows the complex beneficial interaction between gut microbiota and fiber intake and its role in promoting health.

More than a century ago the notion of microbiota working as a regulator for health and disease was already in use. They realized that consuming large amounts of fermented milk helped with their longevity. This began the foundation of probiotics. However, the oral probiotics that are used today are at a lower amount than what is contained in the colon. After cycling through the digestive system it is

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, bacillus-shaped bacterium that causes the disease Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI). One of the reasons this particular species is so successful and disease-causing is because it possesses the ability to form spores, which makes it very difficult to eradicate, as these spores are able to survive extreme conditions. C. difficile flourishes in the gastrointestinal tracts of individuals who have been prescribed broad spectrum antibiotics, as these tend to disrupt the normal microbiota. If an individual has previously contracted CDI, the likelihood of future infection(s) is more likely than if it were never contracted, at a rate of ~35%. The aim of this study, which is actually the first of its kind, is to utilize the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (L. casei Shirota) to attempt to suppress the recurrence of CDI after an initial infection. Probiotics contain a live strain(s) of “healthy” bacteria that help rather than harm an individual, and they work by competing with C. difficile’s

Your gut microbiology is not only working hard to fight off any illness but it is also working hard to keep your hormones balance. Not only does your gut microbiology work at breaking down hormones but also play a role in producing certain hormones.

The use of the first form of microbe-based therapeutics, probiotics, is beneficial for preventing disease. These live microorganisms are known to strengthen the equilibrium of the gut flora by the development of healthy gut

There are trillions of microorganisms living within us, greatly outnumbering our cells and genes. They are found in our skin, hair, membranes, mucous membranes and gastrointestinal tracts. Collectively these microorganisms are called our microbiota. Every individual has a unique microbiota, kind of like a fingerprint, but usually share similar metabolic functions. A vast majority of these are harmless and even beneficial to us, these are referred to as commensals. There are many bacterial commensals, that have co-evolved with us for centuries, making it possible for our bodies to properly function. Commensals benefit us by synthesizing vitamins and minerals, digest foods we alone cannot, regulate immunity, detox the body, protect against infections, and reduce inflammation. While there

The use of probiotics falls under the term “complementary and alternative medicine” (CAM), a term that encompasses a large number of different health care practices and products that are used with, or in place of, conventional medicine. CAM is the main focus of the National Center of Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH), a center within the National Institutes of Health, which is itself an agency of the U.S. Department of Health. [1] The NCCIH’s role is to define the usefulness and safety of CAM and the role it has on improving health and healthcare practices. [2] However, the NCCIH does not provide any regulation on the use of CAM practices or products.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that live in the body and regulate the proper functioning of organism; in adequate amounts help maintain our well-being. This is about two kilograms of bacteria, which are responsible for protecting our body against pathogenic bacteria. One of many bacterial strains found in human body is bifidobacterium, which has a great impact on health of digestive and immune system. Bifidobacterium does interact with intestinal mucosal cells, and communicate with intestinal epithelial cells which help to maintain gut homeostasis physically and immunologically. By the communcation with intestinal epithelial cells bifidobacteria can improve its work and help in case of the inflammation.

5). Probiotics are bacteria that are native to your digestive tract, which means, they are normally found in healthy small and large intestines and can influence the mucosal barrier (the inner lining of the digestive tract), which in turn can affect immune system functions (EczemaFree.org par. 2). Lack of a sufficient mucosal barrier allows food and environmental antigens to cross over into the blood stream, activating the immune system and leading to hyperactivity, which is the hallmark of eczema conditions (par. 2). This is an example of how usage of probiotics can improve conditions within the intestinal tract, and in turn reduce eczema symptoms. Unaltered probiotics such as Lactobacillus GG, with its anti-inflammatory powers, may help prevent the development of eczema and other allergic disorders (Sachs 230). The first clue that gut bacteria could play a role in risk for developing eczema came in the discovery that breastfed babies have a reduced incidence, prolonged onset and decreased severity to eczema

Three bacteria's that live in the human body are Bifidobacterium, Escherichia Coli, and Streptococcus. One of the bacteria's that live in our body is Bifidobacterium longum. This is a multi-faceted extremely friendly bacterium that resides in the digestive tract and helps to keep the whole digestive system running smoothly. B. longum also inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria and it produces lactic acid. This can help people who are lactose intolerant. They are believed to be one of the most dominant friendly bacterial species that live inside us, and are early colonizers of the digestive tract of newborn infants. Some health benefits are: stimulation

Bacteria plays an important role in our bodies and in the environment. In the human body, bacteria helps us remain healthy by fighting off infections, aiding in digestion, reinforcing intestinal barrier effects and enhancing intestinal cell health and growth. Not only is bacteria important for our health, but they are also important for the Earth’s environment. In these environments, bacteria plays a pivotal role in helping to keep organisms healthy and to help maintain the balance and control that are needed in these environments. In this research paper, I am going to talk about what bacteria and the many benefits that it offers to every living species that is living on thee Earth.

Probiotics and prebiotics are useful in inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis, pouchitis and Crohn’s disease. Improvement in ulcerative colitis and pouchitis has been seen in probiotics VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle 1917 and prebiotics FOS/Inulin combination therapy. Probiotics play less of a role in Crohn’s disease, however some studies have proven clinical benefit of VSL#3 and E. coli Nissle 1917 as well. Prebiotics that show improvement of Crohn’s disease include FOS/Inulin therapy and lactulose in limited studies over the last decade. Future use of alternative therapies such as probiotics and prebiotics can lead to the reduction and replacement of pharmaceutical therapies and even surgery. Dietary therapies

There is an ever-growing awareness of the possible potential for bacterial flora in the gut, also known as microbiota, to influence the gut-brain communication in health and disease.

This mechanism of diversity caused by many flora inside the digestive track of humans are beneficial because it helps with the digestion of a more diverse product. Even if the probiotic does not help with digestion some other

The human immune system has advanced to distinguish between and eliminate disease-causing microorganisms. Nevertheless, a symbiotic relationship has been developed with several species of bacteria that not only inhabit the gut, but also make up the natural commensal flora or microbiota. The microbiota, being essential in the breakdown of nutrients, helps prevent colonization by potentially pathogenic bacteria. Also, the gut commensal bacteria appear to be vital in the growth of an efficiently functioning immune system. Many studies have been done to demonstrate that various species of microbiota can cause responses from different types of immune cells such as Th17 cells and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, suggesting that the properties of the microbiota can have a significant influence on immune response. Although the microbiota is found in the gut, it seems to have a substantial effect on immune response. In fact, specific gut commensal bacteria have displayed a correlation in affecting disease development in other organs besides the gut, and depending on the type of species, can have a wide range of effects on disease, whether that being inhibition or protection. It has also been determined that the initial composition of the microbiota is significant through the effects of milk attained by either breastfeeding or formula feeding. All in all, the gut microbiota has been found to be significant in the development of the host’s immunity to various pathogenic microorganisms, and