Introduction
Urban noise pollution is causing increased health risks in the population. This is due both to the fact that noise levels, particularly those associated with transport, have increased dramatically since the mid-twentieth century and that a higher percentage of the world population is now concentrated in urban systems. This problem has also increased economic costs due to failing health and reduced productivity of the population, affecting between 0.2% and 2% of gross domestic product in the US. In the European Union, the costs range between $13 billion and $38 billion per year. In addition, traffic noise causes the depreciation of properties exposed to high noise levels.
Studies on urban noise are becoming more numerous,
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As a starting point, vehicles were classified into the following categories: motorcycles, cars (including cars, trucks, small delivery vans and microbuses), buses, mini-buses (small buses) and trucks (over 3 tons). Subsequently, we conducted measurements of single noise on the streets of the city (n = 533 vehicles), seeking to exclude the impact of other vehicles and other sources of noise. To this end, we used an integrated Extech type II sound level meter (SLM) to evaluate the instantaneous sound level (Li,1sec) during the approach and passage of each vehicle in front of the SLM on roads with 1 and 2 lanes. These measurements followed conventional techniques and were conducted using a tripod and a windscreen at a height of 1.2 m at a distance of 1 m from the road with A and slow weights. In parallel, we gauged the pace at which every vehicle was voyaging utilizing manual Bushnell supplies. In all cases, the predominating conditions included level, dry streets, wind speeds short of what 4 km/h and a low frequency of other clamor sources.
For each type of vehicle, we conducted a regression analysis between the maximum noise level (when passing in front of the SLM) and speed. Because this yielded low coefficients of determination, we implemented classification trees to dissociate subgroups depending on the speed of vehicles. Subsequently, we averaged all noise levels recorded in each subgroup at time zero (passing in front of the SLM) and
In the article, Toronto should crack down on loud motorcycles by David Cooper, the author discusses how Toronto Councillor Kristin Wong is attempting to cut noise pollution in the city of Toronto. Individuals with loud motorcycles creates a negative externality in consumption because the private benefits to the individual is less than the social costs incurred by society. The argument in the article is that although owners of loud motorcyclists may feel safe, the general public will be negatively affected by the excessive noise created by loud motorcycles. The issue the article addresses is noise pollution by loud motorcycles and policies to help reduce the amount of noise pollution in the city of Toronto.
Lastly, traffic causes noise and air pollution that make the city less attractive place to live. Since the traffic on the interstates create a large amount of noise, the price of homes near the interstate are reduced or become harder to attract homebuyers. Also, the amount of pollution created from automobiles on the road, contaminated the air that sometimes lead to heath problems over
Pollution continues to pose an enormous threat to residents of urban cities worldwide. In the August 2008 Monthly Update, it is stated that approximately 800,000 deaths each year can be attributed to outdoor air pollution, making pollution the single most harmful environmental hazard to human health in urban areas (Kallman). The fact that pollution kills hundreds of thousands of people each year alone portrays just how dangerous living in these conditions can be. Kallman writes about a study which proves an increase in upper respiratory diseases, cardiovascular mortality, respiratory mortality, and low birth weights when exposed to air pollutants (August 2008: Monthly Update). These can be very serious diseases and complications which, when contracted, can lead to death or very serious illnesses. There
Being one of the biggest social issues in Los Angeles, Air pollution has two main reasons: vehicle traffic and population growth. Actually, it is in a such crucial level that scientists indicate that air pollution in Los Angeles may endanger peoples lives. Scientific researches show that the air pollution causes cancer and have an impact on pregnant woman. Advertisements shows us some solutions like making public transportation common and sustainable housing. With the growing population of Los Angeles, something has to be done . Otherwise it is going to be impossible to deal with the air pollution. Population growth in Los
Noise pollution is an environmental problem that can threaten the health and well-being of everyone exposed. The O'Hare International Airport (ORD) is a bustling airport in Chicago, Illinois, that appears to have issues with noise pollution. In 2014, O’Hare received over 268,000 complaints about the jet noise that came from the airport. By comparison, that is more than 11 times the number of complaints that the John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) received, and JFK received the second highest number of complaints (O’Hare, 2016). O’Hare was the fourth busiest airport in the world in 2015, so increased noise may be an expected cost of business (List, 2017). The O’Hare Noise Compatibility Commission has been working
The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relationship between the stopping distance and the initial velocity of the car before braking on different road conditions. In this experiment, a car is driven at different speeds on dry and wet road conditions. The braking distance is then measured, and the coefficient of friction is determined with the information recorded.
The consequences of air pollution have been detrimental for the economy, and the continued degradation of air quality will further increase the negative impact of health. In today’s society, no one is aware of the cost of air pollution, however expert’s analysis concluded that the cost for air pollution may be far worse than previously estimated. “Since the early 2000s, emissions from sources
Although thought to be “not a big problem” and “under control” by most people, pollution is making its way in being a serious and an unforgiving threat to society. Pollution a topic everyone hears and knows exists. What they don’t know is how serious of a problem it is already becoming. Many health issues are being reported now that are linked to air pollution and even the most severe weather places have encountered are linked to air pollution also. By society, not fully being aware of the true threat that pollution is making, it will only become a growing threat that they will be encountering.
Air pollution are impacting the environment, and it is imperative that laws are enforced to help build and sustain a better air quality. Air pollutants can be in the form of particulate matter which can be very harmful to our health. Stimulation to our eyes, nose, throat, and breathing infections such as bronchitis and pneumonia are all short-term effects. You’re head might hurt, you might want to puke, and you might have allergic reactions. Short-term air pollution can put people with asthma and emphysema in a worse condition. Long lasting breathing disease, lung cancer, heart disease, and even damage to your brains, nerves, livers, or kidneys are all long-term effects. If you’re exposed to air pollution continuously, it would affect children’s lungs and may complicate medical conditions for the elders. Some people argue and deny the bad air problem. They claim that pollution may actually be good for the Earth. The hazy weather caused by pollution has made plants far more productive when it comes to scrubbing greenhouse gasses out of the air. Pollution has turned plants into better carbon dioxide processing machines. But this is bad for our own health. Pollution is causing global warming which leads to massive ice land melting. Polar bears and other animals that live there are losing there habitats and even dying. Melting ice could also lead to more sea water which would bury some cities or land near the coastal areas. There is already a tremendous amount of people on this planet. If our land decreases, and our population continues to increase, some people would have to start living on another planet; therefore, making it a priority to address the areas
The Economic boom from factories connection to air pollution is unconventional. The reason factories stay open is only for the monopoly it has over monetary distress. The economical perspective affects the health concerns beyond a doubt. Nearly 5-6 million people die every year due to an illness related to air pollution. The pollution is tremendously bad in China, which the people of China have to stay inside their homes with the windows shut at all times. China has faced their first “red alert” which has put a halt to usage of motor vehicles, and factories stopped operation. People all over the world are suffering from air pollution, some cases worse than others. Urbanization constantly grows each year which contributes to air pollution which has an immense impact on the
Despite the frustration that arises every time one realizes that he or she would arrive at a location later, this device serves a crucial role in modern society. To begin, the brief pause in one’s journey caused by this object can contribute more to society than merely regulate the flow of traffic. According to research done in Australia, traffic lights aid people to conserve this planet’s air quality (Dumé). Since traffic lights control the movement of traffic and tell drivers when it is appropriate to move their vehicles, one would be able to maintain the motion of this automobile more smoothly. This action would allow the transportation system from releasing excessive car emissions, which are discharged when a vehicle unexpectedly and necessarily brakes, stops, or accelerates. Moreover, the traffic light serves an essential purpose in society, which is public safety (Why Are Traffic Lights So Important?). The most frequent accidents are caused by the lack of infrastructure (World Health Organization). Therefore, to retain order and more safety, there must be more fundamental rules, like traffic lights, which could physically be seen by a driver so he or she would restrain from moving the position of his or her vehicle at a certain point. Finally, although traffic lights were invented to ensure that the
Rapid urbanization has caused a serious environmental problem especially air water pollution. Long history of industrialization has left cities dealing with a number of environmental issues. Air, land, and water pollution threatens to erode quality of life for many urban residents. Megacity, New York City has an increased number of cars due to the population and economic growth. Thus, car and traffic contribute to the air pollution, which poses major health effects due to the presence to heavy metals in car exhaust. Water pollutions is also another risk factor because water resources are becoming increasingly needed and millions of people are affected by unsanitary water. A city like New York, with an astonishing 8.5 million people, contribute to the water and air pollution immensely. Cuts to services has resulted in a gradual breakdown of urban infrastructure and services. This contributes to water and air pollution, ineffective waste management and environmental
Pollution has become a heated issue in recent years. The destruction of the environment along with serious health problems are the eventual effects. The extensive use and availability of automobiles, tremendous amounts of production in the booming economy and the constant increase in demand for energy, can be held responsible.
Air pollution is one the effect of the environment problem that human is faced now a day. An air pollutant is the mixture of solid or fine particle and gases that are suspended in the air usually caused by human activities, and their inhaling is harmful to human body [1]. Recently in December 2015, the air quality in the city of Beijing in China was unhealthy that forced schools to close, outdoor constructions to halt and to reduce car traffics [2]. In New York City is not also immune to this scourge. According to New York Environmental Protection, air pollution in New York City is significantly environmental threat despite many improvements [3]. This research project investigates the indoor air quality at Hostos Community College. The objective
And it has to be regulated and prevented that unnecessarily crackers are not burnt especially during night hours.