Prognosis of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Lymphoma is the name given to a cancer that infects the lymphatic system. In a case of lymphoma the lymphatic system has cells that multiply and cannot be stopped. There are two main types of lymphoma, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is called

Thesis Statement: Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, although rare, can be fatal and it is important to be informed on the cause, symptoms, and treatments to further your awareness and provide a better understanding on the dynamics of this disease.

Scenario: John is a 4 year-old boy who was admitted for chemotherapy following diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).  He had a white blood cell count of 250,000.  Clinical presentation included loss of appetite, easily bruised, gum bleeding, and fatigue.  Physical examination revealed marked splenomegaly, pale skin color, temperature of 102°F, and upper abdomen tenderness along with nonspecific arthralgia.

Although research opinions vary on the cause of lymphomas, it is known that T-cell lymphomas are very rare. Lymphomas are thought to be caused by the damaged genes that control the development of the body’s blood cells ( B and T Cell Lymphomas, n.d.) The B- cells and T-cells play different roles in the body. T-cells can be helper cells, suppressor cells or killer cells (Story, 2012). It is the

Most commonly known as “the kissing disease”, Mononucleosis or “Mono” is a serious and contagious virus. Mononucleosis is a condition where there is an unusual profiteration of the lymphocytes in the blood, due to an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. The (EBV) Epstein- Barr virus is a common and highly contagious organism and is a member of the Herpesviridae family. EVP has played a role in the development of some cancers: Lymphoma’s and Nasopharyngeal.

A couple of weeks after Hodgkin and Huxley achieved these results, Hitler invaded Poland. The two scientists rushed to publish their research in Nature and went their separate ways to help with the war effort. Although they would remain in contact, the two scientists would not meet in person again until seven years later (Schwiening, 2012).

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma are cancers that start in the lymph tissues, such as the tonsils, lymph nodes, and thymus. These cancers may spread to bone marrow and other organs, which can cause different symptoms depending on where it is growing. Hodgkin’s lymphoma can occur in both children and adults, and accounts for about 4% of childhood cancers. It is more common, though, in two age groups: early adulthood (age 15-40, usually people in their 20s) and late adulthood (after 55). Hodgkin lymphoma is rare in children younger than five years of age. About 10% to 15% of cases are diagnosed in children and teenagers. About 81 out of 100 people diagnosed with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are alive one year after the disease is diagnosed. About 63 out of 100 people with the disease are alive at five years, and 49 out of 100 at 10 years (Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, 2005-2010).

Because Hodgkin’s disease is associated with a defect in the maturation of the lymphocyte, the immune system may be impaired. As such repeated infections may occur.

Mononucleosis is an infectious disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which infects the cells in an individual's throat, and an individual's immune system (Deckler et al., 2009). Mononucleosis gets its name from the high number of white blood cells in the blood of an infected person, which are called mononuclear cells (Deckler et al., 2009). People infected with EBV carry the virus in their saliva.

Risk factors basically increase an individual probability of forming cancer. Cancer is not cause by risk factors directly; however risk factors usually play a role in the growth of the cancer. There are individuals who have many risk factors, but may not ever come across cancer. Then you have those with no risk factors that form cancer. Regardless, knowing your risk factors can be important in your life and your lifestyle. Talking with a primary care physician can help in making better health choices.

Mononucleosis is often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) but may also be caused by other viruses such as cytomegalovirus.

Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a type of lymphoma in which is a general term for cancers

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is slow-progressing or “chronic”, cancer of the blood and bone marrow. CLL is the second most common leukemia in adults and one of the four primary types of leukemia. Certain risk factors have been identified including age, race, sex, family history of blood and bone marrow cancers and chemical exposure. Most people diagnosed with CLL are white males over the age of 60. Occurrence increases with age and a marked increase after 60. Herbicides, insecticides and Agent Orange used in the Vietnam War have shown to increase the risk of developing CLL. There are approximately 15,000 new cases diagnosed each year.

INTRODUCTION: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an incompletely understood condition resulting in uncontrolled and ineffective immune activation. HLH is classified as genetic HLH (primary) or acquired (secondary) and presents with a fulminant picture of non-remitting high fever, pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, liver dysfunction, coagulopathy, and neurological symptoms. Acquired causes of HLH include infection associated hemophagocytic syndrome (IAHS), macrophage activating syndrome(MAS), and malignancy-associated HLH. CASE REPORT: BS, a 6 yo Caucasian male at the time of presentation, was admitted to a pediatric hematology service with a 3 week history of fever of unknown origin, fatigue and joint pain. His past

Risk of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Residential Exposure to Air Pollution in an Industrial Area in Northern Italy