Programme Notes

Sometimes, these two voices will overlap, creating a sense of a fugue, where two melodic lines flow at different times along the same stream. Although he breaks up the soft legato sequences with loud, harsh staccato chords for contrast, Beethoven generally preserves a milddynamic in part B which also helps obscure the switch from the transition to part B. Infact, a loud dynamic actually seems to signal a transition out of part B; in B_2’, the B_2 theme is repeated in sequence, getting louder, faster, and higher pitched until it climaxes.We expect this to become the cadence that will resolve the exposition and allow us tomove on to the development. However, it is a false ending; B_5 again resumes a moderate tempo and is played primarily by the woodwinds; the strings enter in littlespurts with loud, crisp notes until they join the woodwinds and the entire orchestra plays together to conclude the exposition.

Out of all of Beethoven’s works, this one arguably stands as one of his most famous. Some say it is because of the heart that was introduced by a musician that was working only for himself, others claim he simply modified Mozart themes. Either way, the form is executed perfectly in a beautiful musical

Johann Sebastian Bach, born in the year 1685, was a German born composer, virtuoso organist and keyboard player, a

8 in C minor, Op. 13 composed in 1798 focussing on musical features such as melody, thematic content, rhythm, form and structure and harmony. This sonata has been chosen for analysis as it is the most popular Beethoven sonata within the performance circuit, as it is a well known piece worldwide. Secondly, Beethoven developed Sonata form, adding more thematic contrast and contrasting melodies reflecting his own personal struggles with his progressive loss of hearing and also his failures in his love life which all contributed to the passion and despair that is depicted within the sonatas during his second compositional stage in his career.

Born on March 21st 1685, Bach was the son of Johann Ambrosious, who was the court musician for the Duke of Eisenach. Alongside being a musician for the duke Ambrosious was the director of musicians for the town of Eisenach. The Bach family

Then follows a scherzo with trio - Molto vivace - also in D minor. The scherzo itself is in sonata form with all parts repeated. The octave tuned drums immediately announcing the important role they play in the tonality of the movement as a whole. Then follows a hushed fugato, which serves an introductory purpose as the full force of the orchestra. Then follows a more harmonic path with the utmost vigor. The second subject in C major adds an unusual harmonic flavor. The trio has a quasi-pastoral flavor, The trio is played only once, although Beethoven fools us into believing we will here it once more at the end, like in the first movement but it abruptly ends.

Saint-Saens was born October 9, 1835, Paris, France. He died December 16, 1921. Saint-Saens was famous for his pioneering efforts on behalf of French music, and he was very well gifted pianist and organist as well as a writer of criticism, poetry, essays, and plays. In Saint-Saens childhood days he played first recital in 1846. He began to study the organ and composition at the Paris Conservatory. In 1857 he became the organist at the famed Church of the Madeleine in Paris, this lasted for 20 years. Liszt described Saint- Saens as the finest organist in the world. From 1861- 1865 he was professor of piano at the Niedermeyer school. In 1871 after the Franco-Prussian War, he helped found the National Society of Music, which promoted performances of the most significant French orchestral works of the succeeding generation. Saint-Saens opera Samson et Dalila, rejected in Paris because of the prejudice against portraying biblical characters on stage, was given in German at Weimar in 1877, on the

In 1706 Bach decided that he wanted to further his career in music and made the first change by leaving his organ playing position at the church and took upon a new position in Munhlhausen at the St. Blasius as an organist there (Johann Sebastian BACH). This change was for the best because the church was larger and located in a city that was important to the north. A few months after being an organist at the St. Blasius church he married his second cousin Maria Barbara Bach. After a year of Bach being a organist for St. Blasius, he was offered a better position in Weimar. Bach took the offer with pride and became their new court organist and concertmaster at the ducal court. Johann and Maria Bach decided to start their family, after their first born child, Marias unwed sister moved into their home to help with raising their children. Maria and Johann Bach had a total of seven children. The gifted musically talented family continued as two of Bach children, Wilhelm Friedemann Bach and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach became vital composers following the baroque period.

Beethoven’s symphony No. 5 in c minor, Op. 67, I has four movements allegro con brio, andante con moto, scherzo allegro, and allegro. The first movement is a sonata that contains a motif and fortissimo phases using imitation and sequence with a constant flowing melody. The second movement contains two themes in alternation. The first theme starts later followed by the second which later dies of as a third theme is born followed by fortissimo The third movement contains a scherzo and trio and is in ternary form the theme is immediately stated and continually gets revived. The fourth and final movement starts immediately after the third and is a variation of a sonata. The piece has strong cadence and recapitulates only to finish in an extremely

Beethoven's talents were discovered at an early age, and he was sent to Vienna to study under different teachers including Mozart and Hayden. There, Beethoven quickly adopted a reputation of a great piano player, a child prodigy. He gave his first public performance at the age of eight and published his first

Bach was born on March 31, 1865 in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany into a family of eight children. Only five of the eight survived; therefore, Bach had three brothers and a sister. He grew up into a very religious and musically inclined family. Johann Amrosius Bach, who was Johann Sebastian Bach’s father, was the director of the town musicians, which was a teacher and a leader of all

Born in Germany on March 21st, 1685, Johann Sebastian Bach was born into a family of musicians. Because of this

The first movement is a bit unique because it only has one main theme which is surrounded by this light feeling of rising. The second movement, slow and intimate, features a theme that is presented in several different variations throughout. The third movement, a scherzo, features many arpeggios in quick succession. The finale opens with a melody in the first violin which is supported by a simple accompaniment. This eventually gives way to more syncopated sections until the return of the opening music and the conclusion of the

Ludwig Van Beethoven 's Quasi Una Fantasia, later named and more famously known as The Moonlight Sonata, is a piano piece that can be portrayed and analyzed in a multitude of ways. The piece was published in 1801, during a period of great experimentation in Beethoven 's music. This can help explain how the piece addresses a broad range of emotions that vary from romance to frustration to anger. The first movement is full of all of those feelings and more, however it is the pianist who decides which of them will triumph over the rest.

Johann Sebastian Bach was born on 21 March 1685 in Eisenach, duchy of Saxe-Eisenach (modern-day Germany). Bach was the youngest of 8 children. He was born into a family that consisted of many professional musicians, including Johann Ludwig Bach, another well-known composer. Sebastian Bach’s father, Johann Ambrosius Bach worked as a town musician and it is believed that Ambrosius taught him the violin and basic music theory. By the age of 10, both of his parents had died and Sebastian had begun living with his oldest brother Johann Christoph Bach who was an organist at St. Michael’s Church. While living with his brother, Sebastian studied and performed music while being taught the clavichord. Throughout the five years he spent with his brother, Sebastian Bach was introduced to the works of many German, French and Italian composers.