Project Management : Management And Organizational Issues

The paper is divided into three sections, the first of which will establish a timeline of events. This project background will serve as a case study for the analysis in the following section that will be structured such that each of the previously mentioned facets will be independently analyzed and contrasted with project management principles. Finally the paper will conclude with a summary of the analysis and recommendations based on

With the exceptional growth in technology, the present day projects are often large and complex involving a significant risk. So, a Project Management Methodology enables the delivery organization to handle these projects comprehensively, systematically and in an integrated manner, which results in strategic, tactical and operational benefits.

In the current business environment, the demand for project managers is ever growing. In short, project management is a provisional project constrained by time, cost and scope (A guide to the project management body of knowledge, 2013). Between the immense organization, optimization, and communication assets skilled project management brings to a project, it is easy to see why project management is a booming field of study. Furthermore, project management can be both financially and personally rewarding when long term milestones and goals come to fruition.

Through the presence of motivational factors at work, employees can lead to satisfaction as well as good performance. While, the presence of hygiene factors at work can merely avoid employees’ dissatisfaction. In relation to this point, Herzberg, et al (1959) state that the hygiene or extrinsic factors do not motivate employees but they are not managed well might bring employees to dissatisfaction.

In this paper, I, a student of University of Phoenix will explain and discuss project management. I will address three main points. I will first answer what is a project. Secondly, I will discuss what are the basic phases of the project lifecycle and their purpose. Finally, I will explain why it 's important for organizations to use project management to accomplish tasks.

6) notes that uncertainty and change are usually involved in projects. The reason for using projects as a work approach is often the ability coping with uncertainty, related to novel factors within the processes or context of the company or the goals that need to be reached. Kuura et al. (2014, p. 518) note that projects are connected to innovation and have always been used to create or deal with change, even though not all projects and SMEs are entrepreneurial. Projects have been promoted as a powerful, widely usable vehicle for integrating diverse functions, enabling the efficient, timely and effective accomplishment of goals, by using flexible, independent and knowledgeable people in temporary teams (Lindgren & Packendorff, 2011, p. 52). Projects are used to cope with risks and it has been stated that if a company does not fail in any projects, it is not taking enough business risks (Cooke-Davies in Morris & Pinto, 2007, p. 227). Maylor (2010, p. 6) also adds that projects are usually also social constructs with parts that are integrated within the project to create a system of

Systems thinking and project management evolved together from meeting the same challenges during the 1950s (Winch, 2010). The system approach helps to understand the complexity of the processes and the interrelationships with them. (Walker A. , 2015).

Projects have been part of human society. Since historical existence of the human society, people have always joined efforts to execute various initiatives. Projects draw a number of people who in turn oversee specific duties or aspects to achieve certain objectives. However, projects are complex, a factor that calls for proper leadership and collaboration. Failure to have effective leadership and management may occasion project failure (Turner, 2014).  In essence, most projects are defined by systems and departments that are overseen by specific individual or entities. The aim of structuring projects along various lines or specialties is to enhance success rates. In light of this, this paper reviews, evaluates and critically

The element of management that specifically associated with the management of the projects is known as Project Management. Inevitably, the stance of project management can be extremely productive and effective for the organizations in particular (Bolles D & Hubbard, 2007). Most of the organizations are now looking forward to consider New

Project management is an essential part of businesses and industries in order to advance ahead and add value to products. Project management enables companies to innovate, plan strategically, and for the economy to progress. The important parts of projects are often values such as team working, planning, innovation, time and budget management, and leadership. In the modern society, some projects can be pharmaceuticals (inventing new drugs), IT solutions (new technologies), energy and environment (other sources of energy such as solar), and military (new weapons and machines). The similarities are such that these projects are undertaken to improve the lives of

In the modern economic environment, organisations appreciate the fundamental strategic and supportive role that project management performs in the market. However, in order to ensure project success, should the focus be on the project management system or is the organisational culture more influential? Project management can take on a variety of applications and systems, making it difficult to find a consent concise definition within literature. However, Cleland and King (1983) succinctly define project management as a “combination of human and nonhuman resources pulled together in a ‘temporary’ organization to achieve a specific purpose” (Cleland & King, 1983, p. 187). Galbraith (1971) characterised a continuum of project management systems. At one end of the continuum is ‘functional organisation’, often regarded as more traditional, through to ‘product organisation’ at the other end. Existing in the middle is ‘matrix organisation’, a hybrid of either end of the spectrum (see fig. 1). Three different forms of matrix organisation are identified in literature: ‘functional matrix’, ‘balanced matrix’, and ‘project matrix’ (Gobeli & Larson, 1986; Vasconcellos & Hemsley, 1981; Youker, 1977). Each of the project management systems establishes distinctive associations between the various participants in a project. Project success appears to be strongly linked to organisational culture. However, the role of both organisational structure and organisational culture are significant

The purpose of this paper is to recommend that Project Management is a concept that focuses on the dynamic characteristics of a multi-facetted organization. In such a changing situation, effective communication is a characteristic that should be stressed and becomes the most important tool for the project manager and team members.

Project management has become one of the most admired tools for both public and private organizations as project handlers have wanted ways to develop their operations. Project managers seek to accomplish success across all sectors when handling a mission. Technological development, new product development and reform of business perspectives are examples of targets place by project managers. During the initiation of a project, there is the careful scheduling, organizing and prioritizing obtainable income achieving the desired result or the project outcome in the least. At beginning stage, a project seeks to accomplish the place down target within a smallest time while using

i. Background: Between the years 1950 and 1960, psychologist Frederick Herzberg, set out to understand employee satisfaction. His main goal was to determine if attitude had any effect on motivation. It was concluded that individuals have two sets of needs that need to be met, avoiding unpleasantness all together and personal growth. However to find these results, he asked individuals to “describe when they felt “really good and really bad” about their jobs. The results from these questions helped form the basis of his theory,” Motivation-Hygiene. (Manktelow, Cook, Bishop, Moss, Jackson, Edwards & Pearcey, 2017). From his research, he found that there were five factors that people correlated with job satisfaction, also known as motivating factors, and five factors that correlated with job dissatisfaction, also known as hygiene factors. The “five motivating factors were achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, and advancement. The five hygiene factors were company policies, administrative policies, supervision, salary, interpersonal relations, and working conditions” (Schwalbe, 2014). Hygiene factors are ones that need be avoided by individuals to prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring, except they will not provide motivation if avoided.

There is one question always exists; that is, ‘how Motivator-Hygiene Theory approaches can be applied to increase the job satisfaction of employees?’ Herzberg argues that this cannot be done through the job-hygiene factors alone (Sapru, 2008, pp.